Animal Breeding and Genetics: Exam I - Terms and Concepts - Prof. Rebecca K. Splan, Study notes of Agricultural engineering

Download Animal Breeding and Genetics: Exam I - Terms and Concepts - Prof. Rebecca K. Splan and more Study notes Agricultural engineering in PDF only on Docsity! TERMS LIST: ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICS EXAM I; Chaps 1-6 CHAPTER I Basic questions/tools: -Who are parents/selection -Who’s bred to who/mating sys. Trait Phenotype Genotype Environmental effect P= G + E Biological type System Interaction G x E interaction Breeding objective -factors distorting obj.s Breed End user Germ plasm Commercial producer Seedstock Purebred Line Intermediate optimum Remember: Improvement through: -Selection -Mating CHAPTER II Population Selection Natural selection Artificial selection Replacement selection & Culling Breeding values Phenotypic selection Heritability Accuracy as function of ^ Fertility Pedigree data Collateral relatives Progeny data Genetic prediction -types of ^ Sire summary Polygenic trait Simply-inherited trait Major gene Mating Mating system Between-Breed selection Complementarity Crossbreeding Hybrid vigor/Heterosis Hybrid (several def.s) Inbreeding Inbreeding depression Corrective mating CHAPTER III Gene Chromosome Homologs Locus,-i Allele -allele v. gene Multiple alleles Genotype Homozygote Heterozygote Independent Assortment (law) Segregation (law) Gamete (germ cell) Meiosis Linkage Crossing over Recombination Embryo Zygote -zygote v. gamete Gamete selection Punnett Square Mendelian sampling Gene Action Additive Epistasis Dominance -Complete -Partial -No dominance -Overdominance Additive v dominant v epistatic Deleterious condition “Breed true” Sex-linked inheritance Sex-limited inheritance Sex-influenced inheritance Hemizygous CHAPTER IV Allele/Gene Frequency Determining total # of genes -p,q,r Genotypic frequency -P,H,Q Population genetics effects of selection effects of mating