Nutrition 100 Study Guide: Spring 1991 - Nutrition and Health, Study notes of Nutrition

Download Nutrition 100 Study Guide: Spring 1991 - Nutrition and Health and more Study notes Nutrition in PDF only on Docsity! NUTRITION 100 STUDY GUIDE, SPRING 1991 How does famine differ from chronic hunger? What is "PEM"? What is "life expectancy" and how does it differ from "life span"? How is the rate of infant mortality expressed? How do life expectancy and infant mortality relate to the nutritional status of a population? Trace changes in the levels of hunger in America since 1930. What is the present situation? What are the causes of hunger? What is the MAIN cause? IU.ua with eiiuL-a. Jublu it 1, u. IIP. What are some approaches to hunger suggested in the text? What is the portal blood system? What is its significance in nutrition? What are "partitioned" foods? List examples. What do we mean when we say foods are of "high nutrient density" or of "low nutrient density"? List examples that illustrate this. What substances yield energy when metabolized by our cells? How many calories does each provide? What are Recommended Dietary Allowances? How do they differ from "requirement"? What does an intake less than 100% of the RDA imply in terms of your health? What are the American Heart Association guidelines for a healthy diet? Memorize them. How does the avereige American diet differ from these guidelines? What nutrients are provided by a serving of food from each of the Exchange Lists? Which Exchange Lists are represented in a regular hamburger? A cheeseburger? With fries? A pizza with olives and green peppers? An Egg McMuffin? A peanut butter sandwich? Bagels and cream cheese? A cheese omelet? What nutrients or components of food are found ONLY in foods that come from animals? Which are ONLY in foods that come from plants? ******* 1: ************************* NUTRITION 100 STUDY GUIDE, SPRING 1991 MACRONUTRIENTS: What is meant by the term "simple carbohydrates"? the term "complex carbohydrates"? How do starches differ from fiber? Be able to recognize the various terms that mean "sugar" (p.98) What is "glycogen"? What are sugar alcohols? List them. What are the 2 types of fiber? How do they differ in their effects on or in our body? How does your intake of each relate to your risk for: heart disease? cancer? problems with the bowels? What is lactose intolerance? What nutrition problems might it cause? What can be done to avoid these nutrient deficiencies? In what form is; carbohydrate found in our blood? What is diabetes? hyperglycemia? hypoglycemia? In what way is the pancreas important, with regard to blood sugar levels? the liver? the kidneys? List the sugar substitutes in use today in the U.S. How do they differ? What is the chemical name for "fat"? What are the important functions of dietary fats? What are the "essential" fatty acids? What eating behaviors can cause ketosis? What is happening on the bio-chemical level in ketosis? What are the TYPES of fats? How does dietary intake of each relate to one's risk for cardio-vascular disease? What are foods that are very high in each type of fat? What type of fat is found in fish oils? What are the LATEST recommendations regarding how much of each we should consume? What is cholesterol? How does it differ from fat in structure, functions in our body, calories and food sources? What are "lipoproteins"? LDLs? HDLs? What is the significance of each, with regard to risk for cardio-vascular disease? What are the 3 MAJOR risk factors for heart disease? How much protein does a healthy adult need? What is the maximum suggested protein intake? How do proteins from animal-derived foods differ from plant-derived protein? How can vegetarians avoid protein deficiency? What can happen to the body if one has a very high protein intake? What result(s) of a high protein intake may be of concern to athletes? How does protein intake relate to fluid requirement? *********************************