Download Study Guide Exam 1 - Principles of Genetics | BSCI 222 and more Study notes Genetics in PDF only on Docsity! STUDY GUIDE Experiments: o Griffiths Assay o Avery, McCloud, and McCarthy o Hershey Chase Chemical Structure of DNA o Draw Sugar Phosphate Backbone DNA RNA o Purine o Pyrimidine o Cargaff o Rosiline Franklin o Theories o Watson & Crick Discovered the helical shape of DNA Theory suggested the nucleotide bases were on the outside forcing the phosphate groups to bond Was discovered once pairing of nucleotides was established o Basic structural info o Different helical structures A B Z o DNA sequencing: How it’s done o Objectives of DNA Store Info Replicate faithfully Express genes Recombination Have slight variations/mutations Replication Recombination o 3 modes of replication Conservative Semi – conservative Dispersive Messleson & Stahl -Experiment to distinguish dispersive and semi – conservative o Requirements for replication Template Deoxyribonucleotide Triphosphate (dNTP) Polymerase enzyme Primers Free 3’ OH group DNA synthesis o 5’-> 3’ (the new strand is made 5’->3’) o REPLICATION FORK DIAGRAM DNA Poly 3 Ligase Lagging stran Leading strand Okazaki fragment Poly 1 o Replication Methods Theta Circular Linear o Recombination Holiday junction sequence Trnscription RNA o Secondary Structure o mRNA o tRNA o rRNA o Consensus sequence More closely related, the more protein affinity Less related, less affinity o -10/-35 box The more sequences the less likely binding/gene expression o Sigma Factor o Holoenzymes o Termination Rho-dependent Rho-independent Eukaryotic o Transcription o RNA Polymerases 1,2,3, and 4 o TATA box o DNAse 1 footprinting experiment o Termination o RAT 1 mechanisms o Structure of Prokaryotic mRNA o Euk mRNA 5’ Cap structure Poly A tail Introns Exons Splicing o Splicosome Alternative splicing Self Splicing Introns o Nuclear Specles o Insertion/Deletion guide mRNA Substitution editing tRNA o Structure DHU arm Acceptor arm Anticodon TΨC arm
