Reductive Amination and Related Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones Transformations - Prof. Y, Study notes of Organic Chemistry

Download Reductive Amination and Related Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones Transformations - Prof. Y and more Study notes Organic Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! 15 February Reductive amination – the reaction of an aldehyde or a ketone with ammonia (or with an amine) in the presence of a reducing agent Addition of oxygen nucleophiles Addition of water Hydrate – a molecule with two OH groups on the same carbon (gem-diols) The extent to which an aldehyde or a ketone is hydrated in an aqueous solution depends on the aldehyde or ketone. Addition of alcohol Hemiacetal (hemiketal) – the product of the addition of one equivalent of an alcohol to an aldehyde (ketone) Acetal (ketal) – the product formed when a second equivalent of an alcohol is added Acetal (or ketal) formation requires an acid catalyst The reaction is reversible Protecting group Protects a functional group from a synthetic operation that it would otherwise not survive Addition of sulfur nucleophiles The C-S bond of thioacetal (or thioketal) can be converted into C-H bonds using H2 and Raney Ni The Wittig reaction – a reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone reacts with a phosphonium ylide to form an alkene