Evidence-Based Practice: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Social Work

Download Evidence-Based Practice: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Social Work in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Evidence-based practice DEFINITION 1 using the best scientific evidence available in deciding how to intervene with individuals, families, groups, or communities. *practitioner will question others (authority) about practice* TERM 2 Steps in Evidence-Base Practice DEFINITION 2 1. Question Formulation 2. Search for the Evidence 3. Critically Appraise the Relevant Studies 4. Determine which Evidence-Baed intervention is most appropriate for your particular clients 5. apply the Evidence-Based Intervention 6. Evaluation and Feedback TERM 3 Quantitative DEFINITION 3 1. Variables measured 2. results computed 3. statistical 4. conclusive and specific TERM 4 Qualitative DEFINITION 4 1. concepts explored to be understood 2. results complied 3. narrative 4. multi-dimensional TERM 5 Client-Centered Approach DEFINITION 5 Clients needs, best-interest are put first TERM 6 Scientific Method DEFINITION 6 1. everything is open to question; evidence based on observation as the basis for knowledge 2. pursuit of objectivity in the way we seek and observe evidence; requires replication of studies due to not being able to prove evidence is purely objective, accurate, and generalizable TERM 7 Empirical DEFINITION 7 valuing of observation based practice--one can be empirical different ways depending on the nature of the evidence and the way we search for and observe it TERM 8 overgeneralization DEFINITION 8 few similar events are evidence of a general pattern TERM 9 Ex Post Facto Hypothesizing DEFINITION 9 when you hypothesize one thing but results were opposite; results were still a plus for the research TERM 10 ego involvement in understanding DEFINITION 10 example: client blames others for problems instead of looking at self TERM 21 Understanding of child development theories leads to more advanced... DEFINITION 21 1. Assessment 2. Treatment 3. Program Evaluation TERM 22 Inductive Method DEFINITION 22 1. A research process in which researcher begins with observations, seeks patterns in those observations, generates hypothesis. --example: interviewing students post- Columbine re: guns in schools TERM 23 Deductive Method DEFINITION 23 1. Researcher begins with a theory, derives hypothesis, collects observations/data to test hypothesis. example: BSW students began program highly anxious about research overtime becomes more comfortable. TERM 24 Research Purposes Reasoning: Inductive vs. Deductive Method Inquiry: Quantitative vs. Qualitative DEFINITION 24 1. Exploratory: investigates a question a researcher knows very little about or tests the feasibility of understanding a more careful study. --Benefit: add integrity to future research; Limit: seldom conclusive answers to research questions 2. Descriptive: formal, precise gathering of data to describe situations & events; based on hard data about community characteristics --Benefits: data more solid; Limit: only tells "what" not "why"...only tells whats going on. TERM 25 Continue of Research Purposes... DEFINITION 25 3. Explanatory/Explanation: Attempts to explain why something is the case. --Benefit: goes beyond "what is" toward discovering "why something is"; Limit: more sophisticated...subject to error. 4. Evaluate/ Explanation: access the effectiveness of policies, programs, & interventions; culmination of previous 3 purposes. -- Benefit: research is at the heart of providing ethical & effective practice; Limit: study is only as good as the researchers and the procedures they follow. TERM 26 Longitudinal DEFINITION 26 1. Study over a long period of time ex: observing activities of a battered womens' group on an ongoing basis TERM 27 Cross-sectional DEFINITION 27 1. snapshot of one period of time ex: US Census Data to learn about the demographics of the City of Fredricksburg TERM 28 Phases of the Research Process in Quantitative & Qualitative Studies DEFINITION 28 1. Problem Formulation 2. Designing the Study 3. Data Collection 4. Data Processing 5. Data Analysis 6. Interpreting the Findings 7. Writing the Research Report TERM 29 Ethical Issues in Social Work Research DEFINITION 29 1. Social work research projects are likely to be shaped by administrative, ethical, and political considerations 2. What's ethically right & wrong in research is ultimately a matter of what people agree is right & wrong 3. Guidelines have been proposed to avoid bias and insensitivity about gender & culture. TERM 30 Ethical Guidelines DEFINITION 30 1. Voluntary Participation/ Informed consent 2. No Harm to Participants 3. No Deceit to Participants 4. Obligation to Report Results TERM 31 Voluntary Participation DEFINITION 31 When subject volunteers self to participate in a research study TERM 32 Informed Consent DEFINITION 32 When subjects are disclosed everything concerning research process TERM 33 No harm to participants DEFINITION 33 No harm to participants, even though they are volunteers Usually concerns possibility of revealing personal information --Deviant behavior --Unpopular attitudes --Fragile self-esteem --Reassure participants on scientific grounds for wanting to know sensitive information TERM 34 No Deceit to Participants: Anonymity vs. Confidentiality DEFINITION 34 1. Anonymity: Researcher is not aware of the identity of subjects 2. Confidentiality: Researcher knows which data describes which subjects, agrees to keep that information confidential TERM 35 Obligation to Report Results DEFINITION 35 short comings or errors negative findings unexpected findings emerged