Summary of English tenses table, Summaries of English

Download Summary of English tenses table and more Summaries English in PDF only on Docsity! TENSES Tense Form Example Sentence Present Simple S + V1 + O I play basketball every week. Present Continuous S + am/is/are Ving + O I’m playing basketball now. Present Perfect S + have/has V3 + O I’ve just played basketball. Present Perfect Continuous S + have/has been Ving + O I’ve been playing basketball for 3 hours. Past Simple S + V2 + O I played basketball yesterday. Past Continuous S + was/were Ving + O I was playing basketball the whole evening. Past Perfect S + had V3 + O I had played basketball before Mary came. Past Perfect Continuous S + had been Ving + O I had been playing basketball when Mary came. Future Simple S + will V1 + O I will play basketball next week. Future Continuous S + will be Ving + O I will be playing baketball next Sunday. Future Perfect S + will have V3 + O I will have played basketball by tomorrow. Future Perfect Continuous S + will have been Ving + O We will have been playing basketball. Aşağıdaki yapılar V1 için öncelikli olarak ipucu olabilecek sıklık zarflarıdır. Ancak bu yapılar başka tense/time dizilimlerinde de kullanılabilir. %0 %25 %50 %75 %100 Never Not at all Not ever Almost never Rarely Barely Hardly (ever) Seldom Occasionally Sometimes At times Now and then Now and again From time to time Usually Generally Mostly Most of the time Often Frequently Always All the time Every day /week “On average” ifadesi genellikle “Simple Present Tense” ile kullanılır. Now Right now Just now At the moment Currently am / is / are Ving For the time being At present Presently Look! /Listen! Imperative Sentence “More and more, smaller and smaller” gibi ifadelerle “The Present Continuous Tense” kullanılır. Nowadays : Günümüzde am / is / are Ving These day : Bu günlerde Gradually : Giderek am / is / are Ving More and more :Giderek daha çok will be Ving Day by day : Güden güne was / were Ving Yesterday Two days/weeks/months…ago Last night/week/month/year… In 1960s During the 1960s During the Han Dynasty of China Between 1960 and 1990 From 1990 to 2000 During WWII, etc In Medieval/ancient/classical times In the Ottoman Period During the Renaissance The French Revolution In the Ice / Stone age …….B.C …….A.D V2 At the time/ At that time At one time/ At a time In ancient times Until recently Once (bir zamanlar) Ölmüş kişiler için… Previously / ancient At first / Initially / formerly At the beginning At the outset In the past For the first time V2 “Originate/meydana gelmek “ fiilini de genellikle “V2” hali olan “originated” şeklinde kullanılır. Yapı : V2 Anlam : Present / Future 1-It’s (high/about) time + Subject + V2 2-I wish / if only + Subject + V2 3-As if / As though + Subject + V2 4-Would rather + Subject + V2 5-If Clause Type 2 6-Would you mind + if Subject + V2 At that/the time: o esnada V2 / was-were Ving At that moment: o anda Şıklarda was-were Ving/ V2 ya da was-were Ving / was-were Ving dizilimleri doğru yanıt olabilirler. Bu iki dizilim dışında was-were Ving yapısı genellikle başka yapılarla kullanılmaktadır! At this time Before __V2__ , had V3 When __V2__ , had V3 Until __V2__ , had V3 By the time __V2__ , had V3 Not until (Devrik) had V 3 /V2 , V2 Not until the beginning of the seventeeth century did anyone think of combining drama and music, and thus inventing the new art we call opera today. On yedinci yüzyılın başına kadar hiç kimse tiyatro ile müziği birleştirmeyi ve böylece bugün opera dediğimiz yeni sanatı keşfetmeyi düşünmemişti. It wasn’t until….that… __V2__ It wasn’t until the 17th century that military leaders began to realize that stress on soldiers could have a profound influence on success of military operations. Askeri liderler askerler üzerindeki stresin askeri operasyonların başarısı üzerinde muazzam bir etkiye sahip olabileceğinin farkına varmaya 17. Yüzyıla kadar başlamadılar. Had V3 ile kullanılan özel yapılar: 1)I wish / if only + Subject + Had V3 2)As if / As though + Subject + Had V3 3)Would rather + Subject + Had V3 4)If Clause Type 3: 5)If clause mixed type I hope I think will / would V0 I expect I’m sure, confident, certain If Unless When Once As soon as present , will V0 Until will be Ving By the time will have V3 Before Tomorrow Tomorrow morning, etc. Two weeks later, future time In 2050 future time Shortly, briefly, soon, before long In the following week/month/year, In/within two weeks, etc. Next year/month /year From now on: şu andan itibaren Be about to V0 Be on the verge of Ving/ Noun Phrase Be on the edge of Ving / Noun Phrase “-e üzere olmak/ -nın eşliğinde olmak Be on the point of Ving/ Noun Phrase Be on the brink of Ving/Noun Phrase Be on the threshold of Ving / Noun Phrase This time tomorrow / at this time next year will be Ving: -yor olacağım This time yesterday / at this time last year was-were Ving:-yordum “By” ve “by the time” zaman ifadeleri past perfect ve future perfect yapıları ile kullanılan zaman ifadeleridir. By 1960 , had V3(V2) By 2060 , will have V3(will…) By the time past , had V3(V2) By the time present , will have V3(will…) Hardly Scarcely + (Devrik) had Özne V3 + when V2 Barely (Tam şunu yapmıştım ki şu oldu) Scarcely had the students begun the exam when one of them fainted.(DEVRİK) Tam sınav başlamıştı ki öğrencilerden biri bayıldı. No sooner + (Devrik) had Özne V3 + than V2 (Tam şunu yapmıştım ki şu oldu) No sooner had I left the house than it started raining.(DEVRİK) Tam evden çıkmıştım ki yağmur başladı. “If Clause” görülen cümlelerde dikkat edilecek hususlar: If will / would (gelmez) ,have / has V3 (gelmez) shall / be going to (gelmez) , have / has been Ving (gelmez) may / might, was (gelmez) ,V2 / was / were (Ving)(gelmez) ,had V3 / had been Ving (gelmez) ,am-is-are (%80 gelmez) Tense sorularında ya da diğer sorularda geçen “this/that/these/those” kelimeleri doğru yanıt için ipucu olabilir. “This” ve “these” sıfatlarının zaman ve mekân olarak yakını işaret ettiğini bilirsek bu yapıları öncellikle “present” yapılar ile düşünmeliyiz. “That” ve “those” sıfatlarının ise zaman ve mekân olarak uzağı işaret ettiğini bilirsek bu yapıları öncelikle “past” yapılar ile düşünmeliyiz. This week / these days… :öncelikle “present” yapılar At that time /those days… :öncelikle “past” yapılar By the time Before After “continuous” kullanılMAZ. As soon as Until Since *Zaman bağlacının bulunduğu tarafta will / going to / shall kullanılMAZ. *Zaman bağlacının diğer tarafında am / is / are Ving (“future” anlamı hariç) has / have V3 (“since” hariç) kullanılMAZ. has / have been V ing (“since” hariç)