Summary of the 3 classes of personality disorders, Summaries of Psychiatry

Download Summary of the 3 classes of personality disorders and more Summaries Psychiatry in PDF only on Docsity! Personality disorders: class of mental disorders characterised by enduring maladaptive patterns of behaviour, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts, and deviating from those accepted by the individual’s culture. Cluster A: Odd or eccentric disorders Often associated with schizophrenia Types: - Paranoid personality disorder: characterised by a pattern of irrational suspicion and mistrust of others, interpreting motivations as malevolent - Schizoid personality disorder: lack of interest and detachment from social relationships, apathy, restricted emotional expression - Schizotypal personality disorder: pattern of extreme discomfort interacting socially, and distorted cognition and perceptions Cluster B: Dramatic, emotional, or erratic disorders Characterised by impulsive, self-destructive, emotional behaviour and sometimes incomprehensible interactions with others. Types: - Antisocial personality disorder: pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, lack of empathy, bloated self-image, manipulative, and impulsive behaviour Symptoms: indifferent and routine manipulation, exploitation, and violation of the rights of others. Can also be characterised by routine law breaking. Dx: at least 7 of the most common indicators: lack of empathy, manipulation, impulsivity, recklessness, irresponsibility, apathy, irritability - Borderline personality disorder: pervasive pattern of abrupt emotional outburst, altered empathy, instability of relationships, self-image, identity, behaviour and affect, often leading to self-harm and impulsivity Symptoms: difficulty regulating emotions, impulsivity, self- harm, dissociative feelings, fear of abandonment, psychotic episodes - Histrionic personality disorder: pervasive pattern of attention-seeking behaviour, excessive emotions, and egocentrism Symptoms: overwhelming desire for attention, chronically unstable emotions, sensitivity, gullibility, reckless behaviour - Narcissistic personality disorder: pervasive pattern of superior grandiosity, need for admiration, and a perceived or real lack of empathy. In more severe cases, may show evidence of paranoia, aggression, or psychopathy o Sadistic personality disorder/ malignant narcissism Symptoms: strong sense of self-importance, underlying deep self-esteem issues, exaggeration, manipulation, envy, arrogance, impatience, depression Cluster C: Anxious or fearful disorders Types: - Avoidant personality disorder: pervasive feelings of social inhibition and inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation - Dependent personality disorder: pervasive psychological need to be cared for by other people - Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD): characterised by rigid conformity to rules, perfectionism, and control to the point of satisfaction and exclusion of leisurely activities and friendships o N.B. DIFFERENT FROM OCD!!!