Protein Synthesis: From DNA to Protein via Transcription and Translation, Slides of Biology

Download Protein Synthesis: From DNA to Protein via Transcription and Translation and more Slides Biology in PDF only on Docsity! Protein Synthesis Docsity.com Protein synthesis pg 72-73 1. DNA unwinds 2. mRNA copy is made of one of the DNA strands. 3. mRNA copy moves out of nucleus into cytoplasm. 4. tRNA molecules are activated as their complementary amino acids are attached to them. 5. mRNA copy attaches to the small subunit of the ribosomes in cytoplasm. 6 of the bases in the mRNA are exposed in the ribosome. 6. A tRNA bonds complementarily with the mRNA via its anticodon. 7. A second tRNA bonds with the next three bases of the mRNA, the amino acid joins onto the amino acid of the first tRNA via a peptide bond. 8. The ribosome moves along. The first tRNA leaves the ribosome. 9. A third tRNA brings a third amino acid 10. Eventually a stop codon is reached on the mRNA. The newly synthesised polypeptide leaves the ribosome. Docsity.com tRNA – pick up their specific amino acids from the cytoplasm Docsity.com Translation. mRNA used to make polypeptide chain (protein) Elongation (translation) Elongation continues “Z This process repeats Anticodon : ; Incoming £5. Growing, until reaching a stop sng i S peptide ® Docsity.com 1. •First the mRNA attaches itself to a ribosome (to the small subunit). •Six bases of the mRNA are exposed. •A complementary tRNA molecule with its attached amino acid (methionine) base pairs via its anticodon UAC with the AUG on the mRNA in the first position P. •Another tRNA base pairs with the other three mRNA bases in the ribosome at position A. •The enzyme peptidyl transferase forms a peptide bond between the two amino acids. •The first tRNA (without its amino acid) leaves the ribosome. Docsity.com Translation mRNA to Polypeptide Poly U u 4» Codon ‘U u UU U U ‘U Us Translation ' Phe Polyphenylalanine Translation ' His Thr on. Alternating histidine- threonine polypeptide Docsity.com Rough endoplasmic reticulum Docsity.com One ribosome from the RER Docsity.com