Understanding Computer System Components: Internal, Input, Output, and Peripherals, Study Guides, Projects, Research of System Analysis and Design

Download Understanding Computer System Components: Internal, Input, Output, and Peripherals and more Study Guides, Projects, Research System Analysis and Design in PDF only on Docsity! COMPUTER SYSTEMS HND in Computing & Systems Developments Shanju Amath Thowfeek Course: HND COM Batch No: 012 Reg. No: 3967 HND in Computing and System Developments ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who provided me the possibility to complete this Assignment.  A special gratitude I give to our Lecturer, Mr. Azith Gamage, whose contribution in stimulating suggestions and encouragement, helped me to coordinate my Assignment to achieve the goals. Furthermore, I would also like to acknowledge with much appreciation the crucial role of the staff of Esoft Metro Campus Matara, who gave the permission to use all required equipment and the necessary materials to complete the task “The Computer System Solutions for a new Business Venture”. Last but not least, many thanks go to the head of the Esoft Metro Campus, Mr. Damith Pathirana whose have invested his full effort in guiding to complete the report. My thanks and appreciations also go to my colleagues in developing the Assignment and people who have willingly helped me out with their abilities. P a g e 1 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.0.1 (CNC Machine).................................................................................................................12 Figure 1.0.2 (Automation Welder).......................................................................................................12 Figure 1.0.3 (Packing Line)...................................................................................................................13 Figure 1.0.4 (Water Plant Treatment)..................................................................................................13 Figure 1.0.5 (Siemens Logo Devices)....................................................................................................14 Figure 1.0.6 (Excavator and Dump Truck)............................................................................................14 Figure 1.0.7 (New ATM System)..........................................................................................................15 Figure 1.0.8 (Mobile Banking System).................................................................................................15 Figure 1.0.9 (Internet Banking System)................................................................................................15 Figure 1.0.10 (Satellite Telecommunication System)...........................................................................16 Figure 1.0.11 (Wireless Telecommunication System)..........................................................................17 Figure 1.0.12 (Smart and Autonomous Vehicles).................................................................................18 P a g e 4 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Figure 1.0.13 (GIS Railway Traffic System)...........................................................................................18 Figure 2.0.14 (Motherboard)...............................................................................................................20 Figure 2.0.15 (Micro Processor)...........................................................................................................21 Figure 2.0.16 (RAM).............................................................................................................................22 Figure 2.0.17 (ROM).............................................................................................................................22 Figure 2.0.18 (CMOS Battery)..............................................................................................................23 Figure 2.0.19 (Flash Chips)...................................................................................................................23 Figure 2.0.20 (Expansion Slots)............................................................................................................24 Figure 2.0.21 (Ports)............................................................................................................................24 Figure 2.0.22 (Keyboard).....................................................................................................................25 Figure 2.0.23 (Mouse)..........................................................................................................................26 Figure 2.0.24 (Joystick)........................................................................................................................26 Figure 2.0.25 (Light Pen)......................................................................................................................27 Figure 2.0.26 (Track Ball).....................................................................................................................27 Figure 2.0.27 (Scanner)........................................................................................................................28 Figure 2.0.28 (Digitizer)........................................................................................................................28 Figure 2.0.29 (Microphone).................................................................................................................29 Figure 2.0.30 (MICR)............................................................................................................................29 Figure 2.0.31 (OCR)..............................................................................................................................30 Figure 2.0.32 (Barcode Reader)...........................................................................................................30 Figure 2.0.33 (OMR).............................................................................................................................31 Figure 2.0.34 (Touch Pad)....................................................................................................................31 Figure 2.0.35 (Web Camera)................................................................................................................32 Figure 2.0.36 (CRT and Flat Panel Displays).........................................................................................33 Figure 2.0.37 (Impact and Non-Impact Printers).................................................................................33 Figure 2.0.38 (Speaker System)...........................................................................................................34 Figure 2.0.39 (Floppy Disk)..................................................................................................................34 Figure 2.0.40 (Hard Disk).....................................................................................................................35 Figure 2.0.41 (Magnetic Tape).............................................................................................................35 Figure 2.0.42 (Optical Disks)................................................................................................................36 P a g e 5 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Figure 2.0.43 (Modem)........................................................................................................................37 Figure 2.0.44 (Network Card)...............................................................................................................37 Figure 2.0.45 (Operating Systems).......................................................................................................38 Figure 2.0.46 (Application Softwares)..................................................................................................40 Figure 3.0.47 (Super Computer)..........................................................................................................43 Figure 3.0.48 (Mainframe Computers)................................................................................................43 Figure 3.0.49 (Minicomputer)..............................................................................................................44 Figure 3.0.50 (Desktop Computer).......................................................................................................45 Figure 3.0.51 (Video Game Console)...................................................................................................45 Figure 3.0.52 (Miscellaneous)..............................................................................................................46 Figure 3.0.53 (Laptops)........................................................................................................................47 Figure 3.0.54 (Netbooks).....................................................................................................................47 Figure 3.0.55 (Tablet)...........................................................................................................................48 Figure 3.0.56 (Handheld game console)..............................................................................................48 Figure 3.0.57 (Calculator)....................................................................................................................48 Figure 3.0.58 (MP3 Player)..................................................................................................................49 Figure 3.0.59 (Smartphones)...............................................................................................................49 Figure 6.0.60 (Pop-up menu of Start Menu)........................................................................................64 Figure 6.0.61 (Basic System Information)............................................................................................64 Figure 6.0.62 (System Information in Cortana Search Box).................................................................65 Figure 6.0.63 (System Information).....................................................................................................65 Figure 6.0.64 (Run Command Box)......................................................................................................66 Figure 6.0.65 (CPU-Z Software)............................................................................................................66 Figure 6.0.66 (Windows 10 Search Box)..............................................................................................67 Figure 6.0.67 (dxdiag command in cmd)..............................................................................................68 Figure 6.0.68 (dxdiag command in Run)..............................................................................................68 Figure 6.0.69 (dxdiag command in Windows Powershell....................................................................69 Figure 6.0.70 (DirectX Diagnostic Tool in Windows 10).......................................................................69 Figure 6.0.71 (DirectX Diagnostic Tool Display 1)................................................................................70 Figure 6.0.72 (DirectX Diagnostic Tool Render)...................................................................................70 P a g e 6 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Table 4.4 (Hardware specification of AutoCAD and 3D Studio Max Lab).............................................55 Table 4.5 (Software specification table of Home Plan Pro Lab)...........................................................56 Table 4.6 (Hardware specification of Home Plan Pro Lab)...................................................................56 P a g e 9 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments TASK 01 Involvement in computer systems in activities, which were used to be carried out by humans, in various job roles has a negative impact on world job market and it is slowly P a g e 10 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments becoming an issue in the modern world. Discuss the involvement of computers in several such sectors and describe the nature of the problem with suitable examples. Humanity has progressed from agricultural revolution to the industrial revolution and is now moving to an information revolution. It is the awesome computing power at continuously falling prices and the computers being networked over global Telecom Highway that is leading to the use of Information Technology in every sector of human activity be it communication, banking, trading, learning and teaching, entertainment, socializing, government, management and library. Computers have become an essential part of modern human life. Since the invention of computer, they have evolved in terms of increased computing power and decreased size. Owing to the widespread use of computers in every sphere, Life in today’s world would be unimaginable without computers. They have made human lives better and happier. However, there are so many negative impacts in the Information Revolution in modern World. One of the main problem is loss of jobs caused by technological changes. Such change typically includes the introduction of labor-saving machines or more efficient processes. The contemporary example for technological unemployment is the displacement of retail cashiers to self-service tills. The Technological change can cause short-term in various job roles losses is widely accepted and it also impact on world job market in the modern and future worlds. This negative impacts mostly effect on these sectors according to my point of view. The most unemployed sectors are,  Manufacturing and Production Sector  RAW material Extraction Sector  Banking Sector  Telecommunication Sector  Transportation Sector Manufacturing Production Sector P a g e 11 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments RAW Materials Extraction Sector Our modern society is dependent on a range of raw materials, including industrial minerals and metals used in high technology and computerized applications that support our lifestyle and infrastructures. In this sector also use different kind of robotic machines to mining raw materials. In this sector also used high tech computers to solve different chemical equations and also use in some processes in this sector. Using those new tech, in this sector also lose jobs from employers. Ex:  High Tech Computerized Applications such as Caddy ++, Siemens Logo, etc  Using High Tech Vehicles such as excavators, dump trucks, etc. P a g e 14 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 1.0.5 (Siemens Logo Devices) Figure 1.0.6 (Excavator and Dump Truck) HND in Computing and System Developments Banking Sector The advent of information technology to every aspect of human life and business has been so obvious that it does not need to be accentuated more. Information technology has been of great essence in banking system. Technology has opened up new markets, new products, new services and efficient delivery channels for the banking industry. In the banking sector also use advance tech and some employers lose their jobs because of new tech revolution in modern world. Ex:  Online electronic banking (ATM)  Mobile Banking (SMS messaging, mobile web, developed applications) P a g e 15 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 1.0.7 (New ATM System) Figure 1.0.8 (Mobile Banking System)Figure 1.0.9 (Internet Banking System) HND in Computing and System Developments  Internet Banking (banks own website, commercial software packages) Telecommunication Service Sector Companies in this industry operate or provide access to facilities for voice, data, text, sound, and video transmission through wired, wireless, or satellite networks. Demand is driven by technological innovation and by growth in business activity and consumer spending. The companies enjoy economies of scale in providing a highly automated service to large numbers of customers and in building and maintaining networks. With the Information Technology revolution, the telecommunication service sector had to take new technological systems to spread and give services to customers. With this tech some employers lose their jobs in this sector. The tech that cause to unemployed are, Ex:  Satellite telecommunication method P a g e 16 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 1.0.10 (Satellite Telecommunication System) HND in Computing and System Developments TASK 02 P a g e 19 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Explain what makes a computer system; discuss various elements (components) which make a “Computer System” and their subcategories (Internal, Input, Output and Peripheral) with suitable examples. A Computer System is a Combination of components designed to process data and store files. The Computer System is made up of CPU, operating system and peripheral devices. All types of computers are “Computer Systems”. The Computer System processes data into information through 4 operations; input, process, storage and output. A Computer System requires Hardware, Software and a user to fully function. Hardware: The devices are used to input data, to process data and to output processed data. These devices also called physical parts of a computer. The Modern computer systems usually contains, System Unit The computer system unit is the enclosure for all the other main interior components of a computer. Motherboard  The main circuit board for the computer, containing both soldered, non-removable components along with sockets or slots for components that can be removed. The motherboard holds the CPU, RAM and ROM chips, etc. The Function likes a central railway station. P a g e 20 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.14 (Motherboard) HND in Computing and System Developments Central Processing Unit (CPU) The "Brain" of the computer. It is a chip, which process data and it executes instructions from software and tells other components what to do.  The CPU contain ALU and Control Unit.  The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs arithmetic operations such as addition and subtraction and logical operations such as comparing two values.  The Control Unit deciphers and carries out instructions.  Different CPUs have different types of instructions, so software made for one type of CPU will not run on other kinds.  The word size denotes how many bits of data a CPU can process at once. 32 bits is the standard word size for CPU's used in personal computers today. The higher the word size, the faster a CPU can execute instructions. System Clock  "Electrical pulse generator" that sends out a pulse of electricity at regular intervals. The electronic components of the computer need these electric pulses in order to perform work. The more pulses sent out by the system clock, the faster the computer. The first personal computers had clock speeds of 8 MHz (8 million pulses per second); today's PC's have clock speeds greater than 3.2 GHz (3.2 billion pulses per second). P a g e 21 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.15 (Micro Processor) HND in Computing and System Developments Expansion Slots  An expansion slot is a socket on the motherboard that is used to insert an expansion card or circuit board, which provides additional features to a computer such as video, sound, advanced graphics, Ethernet or memory. Common types of cards are graphics, sound, and network cards. Ports  The physical docking point using which an external device can be connected to the computer. It can also be programmatic docking point through which information flows from a program to computer or over the internet.  Serial ports transmit one bit of data at a time.  Parallel ports transmit 8 bits of data at a time.  Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports are much faster than serial or parallel ports and allow multiple devices to be connected to the same port. (Cs.ucr.edu, 2016) P a g e 24 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.20 (Expansion Slots) Figure 2.0.21 (Ports) HND in Computing and System Developments Input Devices Input devices are any electronic device that are connected to a computer and produces input signals such as audio, text, video, graphics.to the computer can understand. The Keyboard Keyboard is the most common and very popular input device which helps in inputting data to the computer. The layout of the keyboard is like that of traditional typewriter, although there are some additional keys provided for performing additional functions. The Mouse Mouse is most popular pointing device. It is a very famous cursor-control device having a small palm size box with a round ball or Laser beam at its base which senses the movement of mouse and sends corresponding signals to CPU when the mouse buttons are pressed. Generally, it has two buttons called left and right button and a wheel is present between the buttons. Mouse can be used to control the position of cursor on screen, but it cannot be used to enter text into the computer. P a g e 25 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.22 (Keyboard) HND in Computing and System Developments Advantages  Easy to use & Not very expensive  Moves the cursor faster than the arrow keys of keyboard. Joystick Joystick is also a pointing device which is used to move cursor position on a monitor screen. It is a stick having a spherical ball at its both lower and upper ends. The lower spherical ball moves in a socket. The joystick can be moved in all four directions. The function of joystick is similar to that of a mouse. It is mainly used in Computer Aided Designing(CAD) and playing computer games. Light Pen P a g e 26 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.23 (Mouse) Figure 2.0.24 (Joystick) HND in Computing and System Developments Microphone Microphone is an input device to input sound that is then stored in digital form. The microphone is used for various applications like adding sound to a multimedia presentation or for mixing music. Magnetic Ink Card Reader (MICR) MICR input device is generally used in banks because of a large number of cheques to be processed every day. The bank's code number and cheque number are printed on the cheques with a special type of ink that contains particles of magnetic material that are machine readable. This reading process is called Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR). The main advantages of MICR is that it is fast and less error prone. P a g e 29 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.29 (Microphone) Figure 2.0.30 (MICR) HND in Computing and System Developments Optical Character Reader (OCR) OCR is an input device used to read a printed text. OCR scans text optically character by character, converts them into a machine readable code and stores the text on the system memory. Bar Code Readers Bar Code Reader is a device used for reading bar coded data (data in form of light and dark lines). Bar coded data is generally used in labelling goods, numbering the books etc. It may be a hand held scanner or may be embedded in a stationary scanner. Bar Code Reader scans a bar code image, converts it into an alphanumeric value which is then fed to the computer to which bar code reader is connected. P a g e 30 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.31 (OCR) Figure 2.0.32 (Barcode Reader) HND in Computing and System Developments Optical Mark Reader (OMR) OMR is a special type of optical scanner used to recognize the type of mark made by pen or pencil. It is used where one out of a few alternatives is to be selected and marked. It is specially used for checking the answer sheets of examinations having multiple choice questions. Touch pad As a glide pad, glide point, pressure sensitive tablet, or track pad, a touchpad is an input device on laptops and some keyboards to move a cursor with your finger. It can be used in place of an external mouse. A touchpad is operated by using your finger and dragging it across the flat surface of the touchpad. P a g e 31 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.33 (OMR) Figure 2.0.34 (Touch Pad) HND in Computing and System Developments Speakers Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are external speakers commonly equipped with a low power internal amplifier. The standard audio connection is a 3.5mm stereo jack plug for computer sound card. Storage Devices Devices that "permanently" hold data and information such as programs. Non-volatile memory; when the power goes off, contents are still saved unless there is an error. Used to store instructions and data while they are not being used. floppy disk  A removable or portable platter made of Mylar plastic that is magnetized. Bits of information are stored in concentric rings called tracks on either side of the platter. The current floppy disk standard is a 3 1/2" platter in a hard plastic case that holds 1.44 Megabytes of information. A Zip disk, on the other hand, can hold up to 250 Megabytes. P a g e 34 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.38 (Speaker System) Figure 2.0.39 (Floppy Disk) HND in Computing and System Developments Hard Disk Similar to a floppy disk but uses metal platters to store information. Hard disks are not only much faster than floppy disks but can hold huge amounts of data such as hundreds of gigabytes and terabytes. Both floppy and hard drives use a read/write head, which is basically a magnet, to read/write information from/to tracks on a platter. In a hard drive, the read/write head and platters are enclosed together in an air-tight package, making hard drives less susceptible to damage. The read/write head hovers above the platter but should not touch it. If touched, the platter can be damaged, resulting in the loss of some or all the data on the platter. This is known as a head crash. Magnetic tape  This kind of tapes used mostly for backups. These are very slow because you have to fast forward or rewind to the right spot. However, they are very reliable. P a g e 35 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.40 (Hard Disk) Figure 2.0.41 (Magnetic Tape) HND in Computing and System Developments Optical discs  The use of optical technology such as lasers instead of magnetic technology to store information.  CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc - Read Only Memory.  CD-R stands for Compact Disc - Recordable and can be written to only once. Also known as CD-WORM: Compact Disc - Write Once, Read Many.  CD-RW stands for Compact Disc - Re-writeable or Read/Write.  DVD-ROM stands for Digital Versatile Disc - Read Only Memory.  DVD-R stands for Digital Versatile Disc - Recordable and can be written to only once. Also known as DVD-WORM: Digital Versatile Disc - Write Once, Read Many.  DVD-RW stands for Digital Versatile Disc - Re-writeable or Read/Write.  CD's can hold approximately 650 Megabytes of data while DVD's can hold up to 17 Gigabytes. Communications Devices These allow your computer to send/receive data to/from other computers. A Modem sends information over a phone line. Modems are slow and susceptible to problems such as phone line static. P a g e 36 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.42 (Optical Disks) HND in Computing and System Developments also an interface between the application software and computer. Without the operating system, the application programs would be unable to communicate with the computer. Utility programs are small, powerful programs with a limited capability, they are usually operated by the user to maintain a smooth running of the computer system. Various examples include file management, diagnosing problems and finding out information about the computer etc. Notable examples of utility programs include copy, paste, delete, file searching, disk defragmenter, disk cleanup. However, there are also other types that can be separately installable from the Operating System. Library programs are a compiled collection of subroutines such as libraries make many functions and procedures available when you write a program. Translator software (Assembler, Compiler, Interpreter) 1. Assembler translates assembly language programs into machine code such as binary code that a machine can understand. 2. Compiler translates high level language code into object code. Which is the machine language of the target machine. 3. Interpreter analyses and executes a high-level language program a line at a time. Execution will be slower than for the equivalent compiled code as the source code is analyzed line by line. (En.wikibooks.org, 2016) Application Software Application software products are designed to satisfy a particular need of a particular environment. All software applications prepared in the computer lab can come under the category of Application software. Application software may consist of a single program, such as a Microsoft's notepad for writing and editing simple text. It may also consist of a collection of programs, often called a software package, which work together to accomplish a task, such as a spreadsheet package. P a g e 39 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Examples of Application software are following:  Payroll Software  Student Record Software  Inventory Management Software  Income Tax Software  Railways Reservation Software  Microsoft Office Suite Software  Microsoft Word  Microsoft Excel  Microsoft PowerPoint Features of application software are as follows:  Close to user  Easy to design  More interactive  Slow in speed  Generally written in high-level language  Easy to understand  Easy to manipulate and use  Bigger in size and requires large storage space (www.tutorialspoint.com, 2016) P a g e 40 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 2.0.46 (Application Softwares) HND in Computing and System Developments TASK 03 P a g e 41 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Minicomputers A minicomputer is a multiprocessing machine that can support up to about 200 users at the same time. It’s like a less powerful mainframe computer, and is about the size of a refrigerator. A server can be an example of a minicomputer, but not all servers are minicomputers. Despite their name, a minicomputer is not a personal computer like the desktop machine they might have at home or work. They are much larger than that. Because of the ways microcomputers – which we’ll cover next – have excelled in processing power even beyond minicomputers, and at a much smaller size, minicomputers have become pretty much obsolete. Microcomputers Microcomputers are the ones people are most familiar with on a daily, non-professional basis, but of course that doesn’t mean they’re exclusive to the home. Microcomputers are smaller computers that run on microprocessors in their central processing units. They are much, much cheaper than supercomputers, mainframe computers and even minicomputers, because they’re meant for everyday uses that are more practical than professional. The range of capabilities for microcomputers are still vast, though. A film editor might use a microcomputer to run many intensive editing programs at once, while a student  might use a microcomputer for Facebook and word processing. P a g e 44 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 3.0.49 (Minicomputer) HND in Computing and System Developments The term microcomputer itself is pretty outdated, in this sense. Most people use what they would call personal computers, and even within this definition there are several variations. These include: Desktop computers Desktop computers are not as dated as the non-computer savvy might think. They are still popular for the user’s ability to customize them, replace parts and fix them with much more ease than they would a laptop. It’s also more convenient to be able to connect peripherals like screens and keyboard and computer mice that fit your needs. In this sense, desktop computers could be used at the office for professional tasks, or at the home. Desktop computers can be specialized for things like gaming as well, equipped with high-end graphics cards and more RAM.  Video game consoles Some people don’t think of video game consoles as computers, but they are. They have many of the same hardware components as computers, but are usually less advanced, which is why they’re able to cost much less than a top-notch gaming computer. P a g e 45 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 3.0.50 (Desktop Computer) Figure 3.0.51 (Video Game Console) HND in Computing and System Developments Miscellaneous Other examples of microcomputers include video game arcade cabinets and smart TVs. Mobile Computers These are exactly what they sound like computers that are super small and mobile. The mobile computers usually describe computers that are meant to be carried around and taken from place to place. If a desktop computer is a microcomputer, then a laptop is a mobile computer. There are so many different types of mobile computers though, even beyond laptop like devices. Below is a list of devices that could be categorized as mobile computers. Laptops Portable computers designed to be carried from place to place. All of its components are contained inside a panel that functions also as the keyboard, with an attached screen that can be folded over. Because of their size and convenience, these are some of the most popular computers for everyday use. However, despite the convenience and ease of use, they aren’t without problems. P a g e 46 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 3.0.52 (Miscellaneous) HND in Computing and System Developments calculators, programmable calculators, and calculators used for accounting and other financial purposes. Portable media players Also known as MP3 players. The iPod is a mobile computer too. Cellphones and smartphones The iPhone and the Samsung Galaxy are examples of powerful smartphones that are also mobile computers. P a g e 49 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 3.0.58 (MP3 Player) Figure 3.0.59 (Smartphones) HND in Computing and System Developments (Paris, 2016) P a g e 50 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments TASK 04 Produce system design specifications to meet the requirements given in scenario above. P a g e 51 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems SYSTE M DESIG N SPECIF ICATI ONS TEKNEEK ARCHITECTUR E FIRM HND in Computing and System Developments Microsoft 3D pack 1 GB RAM, 400 MB space Minitool data recovery 256 MB RAM, 20 MB space LanSchool v7.8 866 MHz processor, 256 MB RAM Table 4.1(Software specifications of software design lab) Hardware specification of Graphic Design Lab Category Specification Brand HP ENVY 15t Notebook Processor Intel core i7-4710HQ 2.5GHz 6 MB L3 Cache Motherboard Intel HP Memory 16 GB DDR3 1600MHz Graphic Intel HD graphics 4600 2 GB DDR3 Hard disk 1 TB Solid State Hybrid Drive  DVD drive DVD/RW ASUS Power DC 4-cell 41WHr Lithium-ion Battery  Display 15.6" 1920x1080 Full HD BrightView LED-backlit display Keyboard Full-size island-style Standard keyboard with numeric keypad Mouse Logitech laser mouse Network Wi-Fi:802.11b/g/n WLAN with Bluetooth 4.0  Table 4.2 (Hardware specification of Graphic Design Lab) AutoCAD and 3D Studio Max Lab (Server) In this lab, the most compatible computer system is server computer system. For AutoCAD and 3D studio Max projects should need more system capabilities such as huge amount of hard disk capacity, huge RAM capacity, high speed multi core processor, high capacity of VGA, etc. So, I can assort below hardware and software for this lab and I assume only one desktop is enough for this lab. Software specification table of AutoCAD and 3D Studio Max Lab. Software type Minimum hardware requirements P a g e 54 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Microsoft Windows 10 1 (GHz) CPU, 2 GB RAM, 16 GB space, MS DirectX 9 VGA. Autodesk AutoCAD 2015 3.0 GHz CPU, 2 GB RAM, 6 GB space, DirectX 9 capable Autodesk AutoCAD Architecture 2015 3.0 GHz CPU, 2 GB RAM, 10 GB space, DirectX 9 capable Autodesk 3D Studio Max and Design 2015 3.0 GHz CPU, 8 GB RAM, 6 GB space Autodesk 3D Modelling 2015 8 GB RAM, 6GB space, 128 MB VGA Table 4.3 (Software specification table of AutoCAD and 3D Studio Max Lab) Hardware specification of AutoCAD and 3D Studio Max Lab Category Specification Brand Dell Processor Intel core i7 3.5(GHz) Motherboard Intel Memory 8 GB DDR3 Patriot Graphic 2 GB DDR3 ATI Radeon R7 240 Hard disk 2 TB Toshiba drive DVD drive DVD/RW Samsung Power 550 w power supply Cooler Master Monitor View sonic 22” Inch wide screen LED Keyboard Dell Multimedia keyboard SK-8135 Mouse Logitech laser mouse Network TP LINK (TL-WN851N) Wireless N PCI Adapter 300Mbps Table 4.4 (Hardware specification of AutoCAD and 3D Studio Max Lab) Home Plan Pro Lab In this lab, the most compatible computer system is desktop computer system. For Home Plan Pro should not need more system capabilities such as huge amount of hard disk capacity, huge RAM capacity, high speed multi core processor, high capacity of VGA, etc. So, I can assort below hardware and software for this lab and I assume only one desktop is enough for this lab. P a g e 55 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Software specification table of Home Plan Pro Lab. Software type Minimum hardware requirements Microsoft Windows 10 1 (GHz) CPU, 2 GB RAM, 16 GB space, MS DirectX 9 VGA. Home Plan Pro 2.5 GHz CPU, 2 GB RAM, 6 GB space, DirectX 9 capable Google SketchUp 1 GHz CPU, 4 GB RAM, 2 GB space, DirectX 11 capable Table 4.5 (Software specification table of Home Plan Pro Lab) Hardware specification of Home Plan Pro Lab. Category Specification Brand Dell Processor Intel core i5 3.0(GHz) Motherboard Intel Memory 6 GB DDR3 Patriot Graphic 1 GB DDR3 GF210 Hard disk 1 TB Toshiba drive DVD drive DVD/RW ASUS Power 550 w power supply Cooler Master Monitor View sonic 21” Inch wide screen LED Keyboard Multimedia keyboard Logitech G710 + Mouse Logitech G5 laser mouse Network TP LINK (TL-WN851N) Wireless N PCI Adapter 300Mbps Table 4.6 (Hardware specification of Home Plan Pro Lab) Server hardware – The computer systems in TEKNEEK Company are rely on a server system for application serving, print serving, or storage. This hardware can vary greatly depending on the specific use of the server. Networking - Networking is a core component of computer system facilities. It allows access to Internet resources, access to email, and the ability to collaborate remotely. Potential networking costs include installation/activation of Ethernet jacks (B-jacks), monthly B-jack P a g e 56 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Evaluate the suitability of system design specification for the above tasks. When the considering the above suggested TEKNEEK firm labs system design specification can mention the suitability under the few facts. The computers, I have design for the TEKNEEK Architecture firm are HP and Dell. Suitability of the Graphic Design Lab of System Design Specification Generally, the best suitable OS is Microsoft Windows 10 for this lab. Naturally, the most of people usually like to work with the MS Windows 10 OS all around the world with the upgrades of the Windows OS. Further lot of graphic designing softwares can work in windows 10 with high performance. Also Microsoft cooperation provides Net framework v4.5, visual c++ 2005/2008/2010/2012 etc. These tools help to perform high quality functions such as creating new graphics without errors. Furthermore, Intel HD Graphics 4600 2 GB DDR3, 16 GB RAM and 1 TB Solid State Hybrid drive would be very useful for doing graphical projects much better without any program sticks. Also by using multi core processor such as Intel core i7-4710HQ 2.5 GHz 6 MB L3 Cache processor, user can do their projects with more efficiently and accuracy. Besides graphic designing processes must need more time durations for their perfectness. So, P a g e 59 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments user have to stay in front of the notebook PC long time. The better screen size of the notebook is 15.6 inches. So, user can comfortably do the projects. Additionally, the lab should have the scanners and printers for getting some essential copies of some documents and printing documentations and also above all devices are inter connected with server. Furthermore, internet connection may be needed if there any outsource information for the relevant projects. Also Asus DVD ROM must be needed for storing some portable documents, installed some relevant softwares and gaining some important inputs as well. Graphic designers have to do lots of designs with the creative ideas. They need Full-size island-style Standard keyboard with numeric keypad because of the easy shortcut functional keys. By the shortcut keys and also pointing device such as touch pad, project functions can do more accurately and efficiently. Especially, the expected capital for this graphic lab is greater suitable with the HP ENVY 15t Notebook as the computer system in the lab. So finally, by using Notebook PC can be done all relevant functions with very effectively, efficiently and accurately. Suitability of the AutoCAD and 3D Studio Max lab of System Design Specification In the AutoCAD and 3D Studio Max lab, the server computer system is the best suitable system. Generally, the best suitable OS is Microsoft Windows 10 server 2016 for this lab. Because, it is very secure and effective server operating system. AutoCAD is the most demotic architectural project development software in nowadays. Furthermore, some users use Linux based OS as server system and also Ubuntu is another open source server OS for server system. But, the issue is some software versions have not support to Linux based operating system like Ubuntu. Naturally, the most of people usually like to work with the MS Windows 10 server OS all around the world with the upgrades of the Windows server OS. At least 2 GB DDR3 ATI Radeon R7 240, 8 GB DDR3 PATRIOT and 2 TB TOSHIBA Solid State Hard Disk must need for doing efficient and accurate tasks of architectural projects. Some project files need much more hard disk space for storing and much more RAM for creating, loading and running them without any strikes. Also by using multi core processor such as Intel core i7 3.5(GHz) processor, user can do works with more efficiently and accurately. Besides architectural projects processes must need more time durations for their perfectness. So, user have to stay in front of the monitor long time and focus the attention continually with the project’s architects. Therefore, the better size of the monitor is P a g e 60 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments at least View sonic 22” Inch wide screen LED. So, user can comfortably do the projects with the system. Additionally, the lab should have the scanners and printers for getting some essential copies of some documents and printing documentations and also above all devices are inter connected with server. Furthermore, internet connection may be needed if there any outsource information for the relevant projects. Also Samsung DVD ROM must be needed for storing some portable documents, installed some relevant softwares and gaining some important inputs as well. Architectures have to do lots of architects with the creative ideas. They need Standard keyboard with numeric keypad because of the easy shortcut functional keys. By the shortcut keys and also pointing device such as Logitech laser mouse, project functions can do more accurately and efficiently. Suitability of the Home Plan Pro lab of System Design Specification For the Home Plan Pro lab, the desktop computer system is the best suitable system. Generally, the best suitable OS is Microsoft Windows 10 for this lab. Because, it is very secure and effective operating system. Naturally, the most of people usually like to work with the MS Windows 10 OS all around the world with the upgrades of the Windows OS. Furthermore, NVidia Graphics GF210 1 GB DDR3, 6 GB RAM and 1 TB TOSHIBA drive would be very useful for doing Architectural projects much better without any program strikes. Also by using multi core processor such as Intel core i5 3.0 GHz processor, user can do their projects with more efficiently and accuracy. Besides architectural projects processes must need more time durations for their perfectness. So, user have to stay in front of the desktop long time and focus the attention continually with the project’s architects. Therefore, the better size of the monitor is at least View sonic 22” Inch wide screen LED. So, user can comfortably do the projects with the system. Additionally, the lab should have the scanners and printers for getting some essential copies of some documents and printing documentations and also above all devices are inter connected with server. Furthermore, internet connection may be needed if there any P a g e 61 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Right click on "Start Menu" and click on "System" in pop-up menu to open "System" window. Figure 6.0.60 (Pop-up menu of Start Menu) "System" window will show basic information about your computer like Windows edition, Processor type and speed, installed Memory(RAM) on your computer, system type, your computer name, domain or workgroup name and Windows activation status. P a g e 64 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.0.61 (Basic System Information) HND in Computing and System Developments The user can see “system information” by following the path in the below. Type "System Information" in Cortana search box, and select "System Information" from Cortana search results. This will open "System Information" app where you can view detailed system summary, hardware resources, hardware devices on your computer and driver details. P a g e 65 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.0.62 (System Information in Cortana Search Box) Figure 6.0.63 (System Information) HND in Computing and System Developments You can also open "System information" by opening Windows Run dialog ("Windows key + R" shortcut or Right click on Start button and select "Run" from pop-up menu), type "msinfo32" in Run dialog, and click on OK button. (Simplehow.tips, 2016) CPU-Z Software also can provide system information Check the settings and functionality of the Display, Sounds, and Input devices through a “Diagnostic Tool” of the system. P a g e 66 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.0.64 (Run Command Box) Figure 6.0.65 (CPU-Z Software) HND in Computing and System Developments Way 4: Enable it in Windows PowerShell. Step 1: Open Windows PowerShell through Start Menu. Step 2: Input dxdiag and hit Enter. (Isunshare.com, 2016) The DirectX Diagnostic Tool in Windows 10; Figure 6.0.70 (DirectX Diagnostic Tool in Windows 10) P a g e 69 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.0.69 (dxdiag command in Windows Powershell HND in Computing and System Developments Figure 6.0.72 (DirectX Diagnostic Tool Render) P a g e 70 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.0.71 (DirectX Diagnostic Tool Display 1) HND in Computing and System Developments “Diagnostic Tools for Sounds and Inputs” by following the path in the below P a g e 71 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.0.73 (DirectX Diagnostic Tool Sound 1) Figure 6.0.74 (DirectX Diagnostic Tool Sound 2) HND in Computing and System Developments Step 1: Open Disk Management. Step 2: Right-click a hard drive and choose Change Drive Letter and Paths in the context menu. Step 3: In the following window, tap Change to move on. P a g e 74 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.0.81 (Open Disk Management) Figure 6.0.82 (Change Drive Letter) HND in Computing and System Developments Step 4: Select a new drive letter and click OK. Step 5: Choose Yes to confirm drive letter change. P a g e 75 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.0.83 (Tap change to move on)Figure 6.0.84 (Select Drive Lett r) Figure 6.0.85 (Confirm drive letter change) HND in Computing and System Developments As you can see from the following screen shot, the drive letter of the selected hard drive has been changed successfully. (Isunshare.com, 2016) P a g e 76 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.0.86 (Successful of change drive letter) HND in Computing and System Developments Another method of formatting your USB drive is by using Disk part, a command prompt utility. 1. Search for the command prompt on the Start Menu or just type  cmd . Right-click the command prompt icon and select “Run as Administrator.” 2. Once the command prompt opens up, type in the following command: 3. Next, type the following command to view the active drives on your machine: P a g e 79 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.31 (cmd in search box) Figure 6.32 (cmd code 1) HND in Computing and System Developments It will also show you the disk numbers and storage parameters for all active drives. 4. Use the  select  command to choose your USB drive. In this case I entered  select disk 1  because my USB drive is disk number 1 as seen in the previous step. Make sure you don’t select your internal hard drive or you could destroy your system. 5. Next, type in the following command: It should display a success message on your screen. 6. Next, type in the following command: This will create and activate the specified partition. 7. Now it’s time to format your drive. All you need to do is enter the following command: format fs=ntfs label="insert name of drive here" quick If you want to use FAT32 or exFAT, simply replace “ntfs” with either of the two formats in the command. And don’t forget to change the name of the drive. P a g e 80 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.34 (cmd code 3) Figure 6.35 (cmd code 4) Figure 6.36 (cmd code 5) Figure 6.37 (cmd code 6) HND in Computing and System Developments 8. Lastly, enter the following command: Then exit the command prompt. Your USB Drive should be cleanly formatted and ready to use. (Make Tech Easier, 2016) Activity 07 – Perform Scan disk operation on a drive Run CHKDSK trough This PC. 1. Open File Explorer (Former known as Windows Explorer). 2. Click on This PC. 3. Right-click the Hard Disk you wish to run CHKDSK on. 4. Click on Properties P a g e 81 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 6.38 (cmd code 7) Figure 6.39 (Windows Explorer) HND in Computing and System Developments TASK 07 P a g e 84 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments Later, Mr. Gunawardana needed to use new software for his work; however, the new software does not work on the usual operating system, all those other software’s work. You assure him, repartitioning and installing a second OS in a multi-boot environment will be better than running the second on a virtual drive. Describe how you would achieve the goal with screen shots. (Activity 8, 9) Activity 08 – Repartitioning a drive Partitioning or managing hard drive or disk in Windows 10 is an unavoidable operation that all new Windows 10 users especially those who just installed or reinstalled Windows 10. And this is really a big challenge for ordinary inexperienced users. You may feel like to find solution w Solution one: partition hard drive Windows 10 for free with Disk Management It’s sort of complex to try disk management in Windows 10 to partition hard drive. Therefore, you’re highly recommended to backup important data in hard drive. 1.Enter into the Windows 10 Disk Management interface. 2.Search “hard disk partitions” at the Start Menu or Search tool. Right click the hard drive and select “Shrink Volume”. 3.Right click on the unallocated space and select “New Simple Volume”. Enter New Simple Volume Wizard interface by clicking Next and specify volume size. P a g e 85 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems HND in Computing and System Developments 4. Assign Drive Letter or Path, then format the partition into default file system NTFS. Click Finish to complete creating a new partition in Windows 10. Be careful while you are doing the above operations. Or mistake operation may get all your data lost. Solution 2: partition hard drive Windows 10 for free with partition management software If you feel too complex to partition and manage hard drive in Windows 10 with Disk Management, a professional partition management software is what you exactly need. It offers excellent solution for helping partition hard drive and disk in Windows 10. Here you may try EaseUS Partition Master Free which enables you solve all partition management issues easily including to free partition external hard drive Windows 10 easily.  1. Download EaseUS Partition Master Free and launch it on your computer. 2.Select unallocated area on your external hard drive in Windows 10 and right click it by choosing “Create partition”. If you need perform other operation, select relative button on the interface to manage partition. P a g e 86 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 7.0.87 (new disk volume interface) HND in Computing and System Developments P a g e 89 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 7.0.90 (shrink volume in computer management) Figure 7.0.89 (Start menu disk management) HND in Computing and System Developments Once you have sufficient Unallocated Space on the Hard Drive, then its straightforward to install Ubuntu as the second operating system. You will want to boot from your Ubuntu DVD or USB drive. Step 5: Installing Ubuntu as the Second Operating System 1. Have to get a copy of the latest DVD or USB installation media from Canonical. These will include the latest updates and fixes for this operating system. If you have decided which version of Ubuntu you want to install, you can download the appropriate Ubuntu ISO from Canonical. 2. Tap rapidly on the F12 key at the Dell splash screen on start up. It will bring up and Boot Once menu. Using the Cursor / Arrow Keys, select your method of boot and press the ENTER key. 3. When the setup boots, choose the Try Ubuntu option. This option will check that your hardware is seen okay by Ubuntu. 4. When you're ready to proceed, click the Install Ubuntu button. The install wizard will appear to prompt you through some choices. 5. Select your install language and click Continue. P a g e 90 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 7.0.91 (Ubuntu Install step 1) HND in Computing and System Developments 6. The Preparing to install Ubuntu window appears. Choose the applicable options and click Continue. 7. If you do not have a wired connection plugged in, the install will take you through setting up a Wireless Wi-Fi connection. P a g e 91 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 7.0.92 (Ubuntu Install step 2) Figure 7.0.93 (Ubuntu Install step 3) HND in Computing and System Developments 17. The Who are you? window appears. You want to fill in your information at this point. 18. While the operating system installs, the screen will scroll through different screenshots that give you further information about the Ubuntu revision you are installing on your system. P a g e 94 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 7.0.97 (Ubuntu Install step 7) Figure 7.0.98 (Ubuntu Install step 8) HND in Computing and System Developments When the install wizard finishes, you will get the Installation is complete message window up. Click Restart Now to restart your computer. Step 6: Configuring the Boot Order 1. GRUB2 is the default Ubuntu boot manager. This gives you two choices: i. Ubuntu is independent and this means you don't have to write to other operating systems. The only thing in your computer outside of Ubuntu that needs to be changed is a line of code in the Master Boot Record (MBR) of the Hard Drive. Which is booted by the BIOS. A. The MBR code needs to be changed to point to the Ubuntu boot loader. B. Once this is done you will see a list of operating systems when the PC starts and you can choose which one to boot. It will default boot to Ubuntu after a ten second countdown. C. If you select Windows, then it will load Windows for you at the Windows boot sector. Which is the first sector of the Windows partition. D. If it goes wrong, you can run a repair from the install CD. ii. If you have a problem with changing the MBR code, you can install the code for pointing to GRUB to the first sector of your Ubuntu partition instead. P a g e 95 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 7.0.99 (Ubuntu Install step 9) HND in Computing and System Developments A. If you do that during the install process then Ubuntu won't boot, until you change the windows boot manager to point to Ubuntu's boot sector. B. Windows XP lets you edit the Boot.ini file. C. Windows 10 no longer utilise boot.ini, ntdetect.com, and antler when booting. Instead they ship with a command line utility called bcdedit.exe. 2. Ubuntu is now installed. 3. Select the boot OS at the startup P a g e 96 | 102 Shanju Thowfeek Computer Systems Figure 7.0.100 (Ubuntu Install step 10) Figure 7.0.101 (Start-up boot selection menu)