Tenses of grammar English, Exercises of English

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Table of English Tenses Simple tenses THE PAST THE PRESENT THE FUTURE Signal words last ... / ... ago. / .. in 1990 / yesterday Signal words every day - sometimes – always - often - usually seldom- never first ... then Signal words Tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tonight, soon, next week/year…, in a week/month…, in two/three days/weeks… Use action took place in the past, mostly connected with an expression of time (no connection to the present) -Complete actions in the past -Past habits Use -something happens repeatedly -how often something happens -one action follows another -things in general after the following verbs (to love, to hate, to think, etc.) future meaning: timetables, programmes Use -predictions about the future (you think that sth. will happen) -you decide to do sth. spontaneously at the time of speaking, you haven't made a decision before -main clause in type I of the if clauses Form Base form + -ed (regular) Irregular: 2nd column I worked / did / went I didn't work / do / go Did I work/ do / go? Form Base form / he/she/it + -s I do/go / I don't do/go / Do I do/go? He does/ goes / He doesn't do/go Does he do/go? Form will + base form I will work / do / go I won’t work / do / go will I work/ do / go? EXAMPLES I did my homework last night EXAMPLES I do my homework every night EXAMPLES I will do the homework after school. Signal words While, when, as, all morning/evening… Signal words Now, at the moment, at present, these days, still, nowadays, today, tonight… (except for future use) Look! Listen! Signal words This time next week/year/month… and other time expressions with future reference Use -an action happened in the middle of another action -someone was doing sth. at a certain time (in the past) - you do not know whether it was finished or not -Simultaneous past actions Use -something is happening at the same time of speaking or around it -future meaning: when you have already decided and arranged to do it (a fixed plan, date) Use -An action will be in progress at a certain time in the future. -This action has begun before the certain time. - An action which will definitely happen in the future as the result of a routine or arrangement. Form S+ was/were +base form + -ing He was doing / They were doing He wasn't doing / They weren't doing Was he doing? / Were they doing? Form S+ (am/are/is) + base form + -ing I am doing He is doing / They are doing He isn't doing / They aren't doing Is he doing? / Are they doing? Form will + be + base form + ing I'll be doing / He'll be doing I won’t be doing / He won’t be doing Will I be doing? Will he be doing? EXAMPLES I was doing my homework when my friend Isabel arrived. EXAMPLES Sorry, I am doing my homework at the moment. I’ll call you back! EXAMPLES At 5 PM I will be doing my homework. Perfect tenses THE PAST THE PRESENT THE FUTURE Signal words Before, after, already, just, for, since, till, until, when, by, by the time, never Signal words For, since, already, yet, always, just, ever, never, so far, today, this week/month…, how long, lately, recently Signal words Before, by, by then, by the time, until, till Use -mostly when two actions in a story are related to each other: the action which had already happened is put into Past Perfect, the other action into Simple Past -the past of the Present Perfect Use -You say that sth. has happened or is finished in the past and it has a connection to the present -Action started in the past and continues up to the present -An action that has recently finished Use -sth. will already have happened before a certain time in the future -For an action which will be finished before a stated future time. Form had + past participle* *(base form + -ed) or (irregular verbs) I had worked/done – I hadn’t done Had Iworked? Form have/has + past participle* *(base form + -ed) or (irregular verbs) I have worked/done – I haven’t done Have I done? – She has done Form will + have + past participle* *(base form + -ed) or (irregular verbs) I'll have worked/done – I won’t have done – Will I have done? EXAMPLES When my friend came, I had already done my homework. EXAMPLES Look! I have done my homework. Here it is! EXAMPLES I will have done my homework by 8 o’clock Signal words Already, just, never,For, since, how long, before, until Signal words all day,for, since, how long, lately, recently, all morning/year…, the whole day Signal words *This tense is not used very much by, by then, by the time, for Use how long something had been happening before something else happened Use -action began in the past and has just stopped -how long the action has been happening -emphasis: length of time of an action Use -sth. will already have happened before a certain time in the future -emphasis: length of time of an action Form had + been + base form + ing I had been doing – I hadn’t been doing - Had I been doing? Form have/has + been + base form + -ing I have been doing – I haven’t been doing Have I been doing? – She has been doing Form will + have + been+ base form + ing EXAMPLES I had been waiting for half an hour when he arrived. EXAMPLES I’ve been doing homework all day and it is still not finished. EXAMPLES I will have been doing homework for over an hour by the time my friends arrive. Yolanda Giménez Ballesteros/September 2013