Download Architectural Influences: Gothic, Byzantine, Islamic, Chinese, Japanese, European and more Quizzes History of Architecture in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 gothic style DEFINITION 1 medieval structuresskeletal, verticalpointed arch, ribbed vault, nave/processional, choir, section, elevation, apse, transcept (optional), flying buttressplan looks like large cross with "bubbles" (choir surrounded by apse) on eastern side TERM 2 byzantine style DEFINITION 2 domes; emphasis on gathering space rather than procession TERM 3 later byzantine style (Russia) DEFINITION 3 Mongol invasion righ after they invaded Vikings;1443- Proclamation of the Russian Orthodox churchwood TERM 4 Venetian Byzantine DEFINITION 4 influenced by Byzantine, maritime center, and Italy TERM 5 islamic architecture DEFINITION 5 organic architecture: use region/domestic techniques to make it look alive; measurement based on body lengths; construct patterns already existent in location TERM 6 architecture of China/Japan DEFINITION 6 based on Confucianism; balance; symmetry is geometric TERM 7 Gardens of China/Japan DEFINITION 7 based on Daoism; balance; vertical and horizontal balance TERM 8 King's College Chapel DEFINITION 8 1446-1515Cambridge, UKEnglish Gothic"fan" vault (roof): geometric spider web TERM 9 Milan Cathedral DEFINITION 9 1350-1400Milan, Italyfinished in 1858Italian Mosaics & polychroming; pointed arch, ribbed vaulting; high light wellsextravagant exterior TERM 10 Piazza del Campo (Sienna Urban plan) DEFINITION 10 Siena, Tuscany, Italycentral meeting place; urban interior=courtyard; surrounded by buildingsred brickwork, fan-shaped TERM 21 Friday Mosque of Isfahan DEFINITION 21 8-17th centuriesIsfahan, Iranvery open and outside; four raised squares with recession with coffers (iwans) TERM 22 Masjid-i-Shah of Isfahan DEFINITION 22 1st half of 17th centuryroyal mosque; across from palace in square; blue dome and minarates; open area surrounded by iwans; elaborate tile decoration TERM 23 Tomb of Ismail the Samanid DEFINITION 23 1st half of 10th centuryBukhara, Uzbekistansymbolic exteriorsimilar geometryrich, advanced peopleslacks color (because morbid);cubic with dome atop TERM 24 Gur-i-Amir DEFINITION 24 early 15th centurySamarkand, Uzbekistanbig city, lots of color, LARGE; bulbous dome grows wider upward then curves inward TERM 25 Bibi-Khanym Mosque DEFINITION 25 14th centurySamarkand, Uzbekistanprimitive dome made of arches; resembles gur-i-amir TERM 26 "Pagoda" of fogong Temple DEFINITION 26 mid 11th centuryShanxi, Chinainfluence of Indian tradition; finial (turned upward corners) roofing;hexagonal, shrine w/ informal sitting and standing;Buddha on central axis (smaller ones on upper floors)wooden TERM 27 The Tianluokeng "tulou" group DEFINITION 27 Fujian, China2 levels (with balcony overlooking courtyard)emphasis on communal living;like a crater/volcano TERM 28 Plan of Chiang'an DEFINITION 28 6th centuryChang'an, Chinagridhierarchalarrangement (by importance and user); north-south orientation; strong axes, symmetry; squarepalace at front, then admin centers, then mkts, then residential area TERM 29 Forbidden City DEFINITION 29 15th centuryBeijing, Chinastrict axis (main buildings lined up in a row); geometric;main gate and follow through based on rank;Meridian Gate, Gate of Supreme Harmony, Hall of Supreme Harmony (finial roofing & on a pedestal) then only royal family allowed TERM 30 Garden of the Master of the Fishing Nets DEFINITION 30 Jiangsu, Chinawood structure, no clear axis;home extension of natureaggregation of spaces TERM 31 Frragrant Hills Hotel DEFINITION 31 IM PeiBeijing, Chinawood, lattice window (ornamental and a border of in/outside); rooms look into courtyard;central courtyard with vertical rocks and horizontal water TERM 32 Ise Grand Shrine DEFINITION 32 Mie prefecture, JapanShinto religion; windmill-lookelevated structure b/c important; thatched roof (wood); central post in front and back TERM 33 Yoshimura House DEFINITION 33 1st half of 17th centuryOsaka, Japanlong; designed with tatami mats (straw in rice); public space then private space; gravel/dirt rooms for animals/storage; living spaces slightly elevated TERM 34 Katsura Imperial Villa DEFINITION 34 1st half of 17th centuryKyoto, Japanon lake;asymmetric, spaces organized around landscape elements; every inch of garden is composed; elevated, wooden TERM 35 Horjuyi Temple Complex DEFINITION 35 late 7th century-early 8th centuryNara, Japanpagoda tower for show (cannot go up)Buddhism; clustering of bldgs; harmony of vertical and horizontal (balanced asymmetry); wood; modified post & lintel
