Download test 2 ch. 12 | C S 3113 - Introduction to Operating Systems and more Quizzes Computer Science in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Magnetic Disk Components DEFINITION 1 disk platter - flat, circular shape; both sides are covered with a magnetic material disk arm - location of read-write heads; moves all the heads as a unit division of platter - circular tracks -> sectors cylinder - set of tracks that are at one arm position TERM 2 Transfer Rate DEFINITION 2 rate at which data flow between the drive and the computer TERM 3 Positioning Time (random-access time) DEFINITION 3 consists of the seek time and the rotational latency TERM 4 Seek Time DEFINITION 4 time necessary to move the disk arm to the desired cylinder TERM 5 Rotational Latency DEFINITION 5 time necessary for the desired sector to rotate to the disk head TERM 6 Head Crash DEFINITION 6 danger that the head will make contact with the disk surface, possibly damaging the magnetic surface TERM 7 I/O Bus DEFINITION 7 set of wires a disk drive is attached to the computer by TERM 8 Several Kinds of Buses DEFINITION 8 enhanced integrated drive electronic (EIDE) advanced technology attachment (ATA) serial ata (SATA) universal serial bus (USB) fiber channel (FC) small computer-systems interface (SCSI) TERM 9 Logical Block DEFINITION 9 smallest unit of transfer TERM 10 Low-Level Formatting (physical formatting) DEFINITION 10 allows for use of different logical block sizes; fills the disk with a special data structure for each sector TERM 21 Logical Formatting DEFINITION 21 creation of a file system TERM 22 Clusters DEFINITION 22 grouping of clocks together into larger chunks TERM 23 Boot Disk (system disk) DEFINITION 23 a disk that has a boot partition TERM 24 Boot Sector DEFINITION 24 first sector from the boot partition TERM 25 Sector Sparing (forwarding) DEFINITION 25 when a controller is told to replace each bad sector logically with one of the space sectors TERM 26 Sector Slipping DEFINITION 26 controller is instructed to replace a bad block TERM 27 Anonymous Memory DEFINITION 27 includes memory allocated for the stack, heap and uninitialized data of a process TERM 28 Page Slots DEFINITION 28 hold swapped pages TERM 29 Swap Map DEFINITION 29 an array of integer counters, each corresponding to a page slot in the swap area TERM 30 RAIDs DEFINITION 30 redundant arrays of independent disks TERM 31 Mean Time to Failure DEFINITION 31 Mean time between failures (MTBF) is the predicted elapsed time between inherent failures of a system during operation. TERM 32 Mirroring DEFINITION 32 a logical disk consists of two physical disks, and every write is carried out on both disks TERM 33 Mean Time to Repair DEFINITION 33 the time it takes (on average) to replace a failed disk and to restore the data on it TERM 34 Independent Disks DEFINITION 34 the failure of one disk is not connected to the failure of the other TERM 35 NVRAM DEFINITION 35 nonvolatile RAM; does not lose information during power failures
