Textiles and Yarns: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Production and Operations Management

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TERM 1 Staple (spun) DEFINITION 1 Made from staple length fibersHeld together by twisiting forms of yarn TERM 2 Long continous strands of fibers made from manufactured fibers DEFINITION 2 Filament TERM 3 Difference between monofilament and multifilament yarns DEFINITION 3 Monofilament: single strandmultifilament: many fine filament yarns joined together TERM 4 z twist DEFINITION 4 slants to right TERM 5 s twish DEFINITION 5 slants to left TERM 6 Twisting together two or more single yarns DEFINITION 6 plys twist TERM 7 Twisting together two or more ply yarns DEFINITION 7 Cord yarnsused in making ropes, sewing thread and cordages twish TERM 8 yarns that are fairly smooth and uniform along their length DEFINITION 8 simple yarns TERM 9 Fancy yarns DEFINITION 9 yarns that have unlike parts and that are irregular at regular intervalssingle, plied or cordcan be spun, filament or textured or any combination TERM 10 How are fancy yarns classified? DEFINITION 10 According to their number of parts and named for the effect that dominates the fabric. TERM 21 drums with fine bent wire seperate and align fibers can also blend different fibers like cotton and cut polyester most common process used in industry DEFINITION 21 Carding fibers TERM 22 combing fibers DEFINITION 22 a comb arranged the fibers into a parallel alignmentsremoves short fibers and small tanglesfinal yarn will be smoother stronger and more lustrousmore expensiverequires specialized equipment TERM 23 What is drawing when it refers to preparation of staple fibers for spinning DEFINITION 23 the carded or combed fibers are put through rollersforms a long smooth strand of fibers called a silverfurther drawing produces a roving roving is ready to TERM 24 Difference between the woolen and worsted system in preparing and spinning wool? DEFINITION 24 woolen: wool is carded, long and short fibers mixed together, yarn will be bulkier and softer with fuzzy surfaceworsted: wool is combed, long fibers only, short fibers are removedyarns will be sleek, smoother, and lustroustextiles will have a smooth surface TERM 25 spinning that produces a fine, smooth yarn high quality but slower and more expensive finished yarn is smooth and strong DEFINITION 25 ring spinning TERM 26 open end spinner DEFINITION 26 fibers separated into thin stream by rotary beaterfinished yarn is rougher and weaker TERM 27 monofilaments, synthetics formed directly without twist DEFINITION 27 slit film yarns TERM 28 creation of fibers by drawing a polymer sheet lengthwise so as to cause sheet to split into a network of fibers DEFINITION 28 fibrillation TERM 29 How is the weight of fabric DEFINITION 29 expressed as ounces per square yard TERM 30 fabrics that are 1 ounce DEFINITION 30 very sheer TERM 31 fabrics 2-4 ounces DEFINITION 31 top weight (shirts, blouses) TERM 32 fabrics 5-7 ounces DEFINITION 32 bottom weight (skirts, slacks) TERM 33 fabrics 9-11 ounces DEFINITION 33 heavyweight (mens jeans) TERM 34 What is loom what does it do DEFINITION 34 device on which woven fabrics are produced,holds warp threads under tension and has a carrier for the filling yarnwarp yarns are usually put onto the loom because they must withstand high tension and abrasionweft yarns are interlaced with the warp TERM 35 The number of warp and filling threads in a square inch DEFINITION 35 64 TERM 46 Unbalanced weaves with fine yarns crossing over heavy yarns. Usually small warp yarns and heavy filling yarns DEFINITION 46 Rib weave TERM 47 Two or more warp of filling yarns used as one yarn as they interlace with the warp of filling yarns DEFINITION 47 Basket TERM 48 The warp and filling yarns are interlaced so that a diagonal pattern is formed; floats are formed DEFINITION 48 Twill weaves TERM 49 Have the diagonal running from the lower right to upper left DEFINITION 49 left hand twill TERM 50 have diagonal running from the lower left to the upper right DEFINITION 50 right hand twills TERM 51 Fabrics with cut or uncut loops which stand up densely on the surface DEFINITION 51 pile weaves TERM 52 Combined plain, twill, and satin weaves, often in the same row DEFINITION 52 Jacquard weaves TERM 53 open gauze- like construction DEFINITION 53 leno weave TERM 54 Two or more sets of yarns, cloth is more than one layer thick DEFINITION 54 double weave TERM 55 more warped on surface DEFINITION 55 warp-faced TERM 56 more filing on surface DEFINITION 56 filled face TERM 57 Method of constructing fabric by interlocking a series of loops of one more yarns; interlace at right angles DEFINITION 57 knits TERM 58 each loop in a fabric DEFINITION 58 stitch TERM 59 rows of loops across width of fabric DEFINITION 59 courses TERM 60 columns of loops DEFINITION 60 wale TERM 71 columns of loops that are connected by in laid yarns traversing from column to column DEFINITION 71 raschel knit TERM 72 Aligns fibers into a loose batt DEFINITION 72 carding TERM 73 fibers are blow into air and collected onto a screen DEFINITION 73 air laid TERM 74 fibers are suspended in water and collected on a screen DEFINITION 74 wet forming TERM 75 an entanglement of a mass of fibers that takes place by a combination of heat, moisture, and pressure DEFINITION 75 felting TERM 76 web is fed into a machine with bed of barbed needles DEFINITION 76 mechanical needle punching TERM 77 Thermal DEFINITION 77 thermoplastic fibers bonded by heat TERM 78 fibers are passed between large heated roller DEFINITION 78 calendar TERM 79 filaments are blown onto a moving belt where they form a web DEFINITION 79 spunbonding TERM 80 list durable uses for nonwovens DEFINITION 80 geotextiles, interfacing, insulated clothing, imitation fur,wall covering TERM 81 non- durable uses for nonwovens DEFINITION 81 diapers, tea bags, examination gowns, wipes TERM 82 What was the earliest non woven made DEFINITION 82 felt TERM 83 composite textiles DEFINITION 83 fibers, yarns, fabrics, films TERM 84 Yarns that are punched through a ground fabric DEFINITION 84 tufted fabricswoven or non woven TERM 85 quilted fabrics DEFINITION 85 composed of three layersmiddle layer: insulating