Understanding Sculpture and Architecture: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Humanities

Download Understanding Sculpture and Architecture: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Humanities in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 The 3 Ways of Experiencing Sculpture DEFINITION 1 Relief In the Round Environment TERM 2 Relief Sculpture DEFINITION 2 Any sculpture in which images & forms are attached to a background and project off it & which is meant to be seen primarily from one direction(as opposed to in-the-round) 2 Types:Low Relief & High Relief Bas=Low TERM 3 Sculpture In the Round DEFINITION 3 As opposed to relief, sculpture that requires no wall support & that can be experienced from all sides. TERM 4 Virtuasily DEFINITION 4 showing off how skillful you are through your artwork TERM 5 Obelisk DEFINITION 5 Ancient grave marker. An obelisk (from Greek - - obeliskos, diminutive of - - obelos, "spit, nail, pointed pillar") is a tall, narrow, four-sided, tapering monument which ends in a pyramid-like shape at the top. (Washington Monument) TERM 6 Experiencing Sculpture as Environment DEFINITION 6 Sculptural space that is physically entered: either indoor(installation) or outdoors (earthworks) TERM 7 2 Processes of Sculpture DEFINITION 7 Subtractive Additive TERM 8 Subtractive (carving) DEFINITION 8 process in which form is discovered by the removal of materials. TERM 9 Additive DEFINITION 9 proccess in which form is built up, shaped and enlarged by the adding of materials. Modeling->when using a soft item like clay Assemblage->to assemble things TERM 10 Casting DEFINITION 10 a method for creating reproductions of a sculpture. Lost- wax(circe-perdue) Investment Sprues TERM 21 Battering/Battered DEFINITION 21 Only done in Egypt,it is a slant up word in the structure of Pylons. TERM 22 2 Families Of Structural Systems DEFINITION 22 Shell Skeleton-and-skin TERM 23 Shell DEFINITION 23 A structural system for architecture in which one material provides both structural support and the outside covering (the sheathing) of a building. TERM 24 Load Bearing Construction DEFINITION 24 Aka"Stacking & Piling" the simplest method of making a building. It is constructed by piling layer upon layer starting thick at the bottom & tapering as it rises. The most suitable material is adobe(earth) but also brick and stone can be used. TERM 25 Post-and-Lintel Construction DEFINITION 25 The most elementary structural method (after "stacking & piling") based on 2 uprights (posts) supporting a horizontal crosspiece (lintel, or beam) Also called trabeated structure. Stone is the proffered material. TERM 26 Tensile Strength DEFINITION 26 The ability of a material to hold an amount of pressure weight without morthing or cracking/breaking. TERM 27 3 Greek Architectural Orders DEFINITION 27 Doric Ionic Coninthan TERM 28 Roman (Round) Arch Construction DEFINITION 28 A round arch is constructed from wedge-shaped pieces of stone (called voussoirs) that meet at an angle always perpendicular to the curve of the arch. TERM 29 Centering DEFINITION 29 the temporary framework used to support an arch during construction until it is self-supporting ( until keystone is set in place) TERM 30 Keystone DEFINITION 30 the topmost stone in a round arch. The arch is not stable until the stone is put in place and causes tension. TERM 31 The Vault DEFINITION 31 A vault is an extended arch usually of masonry or concrete, serving to span a space, usually as a ceiling. TERM 32 Barrel Vault DEFINITION 32 A tunnel or barrel vault places arches behind one another until the desire depth is reached. Barrel vaults take away light don't let light in. TERM 33 An Engaged Column DEFINITION 33 Is a column in relief it doesn't support anything just there for design, decorative. TERM 34 Groin Vaults DEFINITION 34 A vault created when two arches cross one another at right angles ( The diagonal intersections are called groins) TERM 35 Dome Construction DEFINITION 35 An architectural structure generally in the shape of a hemisphere, or half globe. Technically a dome is an arch rotated 360 degrees on its axis. It opens up huge spaces.