Materials Science & Engineering: Alloy, Annealing, Ionic Bond & More, Quizzes of Materials science

Download Materials Science & Engineering: Alloy, Annealing, Ionic Bond & More and more Quizzes Materials science in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Alloy Steel DEFINITION 1 A ferrous (or iron-based) alloy that contains appreciable concentrations of alloying elements. These alloying elements are usually added to improve mechanical and corrosion- resistance properties. TERM 2 Annealing DEFINITION 2 A generic term used to denote a heat treatment in which the microstructure and, consequently, the properties of a material are altered. Frequently refers to a heat treatment whereby a previously cold worked metal is softened by allowing it to recrystallize. TERM 3 Anion DEFINITION 3 A negatively charged ion. TERM 4 Bainite DEFINITION 4 An austenitic transformation product found in some steels and cast irons. The microstructure consist of ferrite and a fine dispersion of cementite. TERM 5 Cation DEFINITION 5 A positively charged ion. TERM 6 CCT DEFINITION 6 Continuous-cooling-transformation. A plot of temperature versus the logarithm of time for a steel alloy of definite composition. TERM 7 Cermet DEFINITION 7 A composite material consisting of a combination of ceramic and metallic materials. TERM 8 CN DEFINITION 8 Coordination Number. The number of atomic or ionic nearest neighbors. TERM 9 Coarse Pearlite DEFINITION 9 Pearlite for which the alternating ferrite and cementite layers are relatively thick. TERM 10 Cold Working DEFINITION 10 The plastic deformation of a metal at a temperature below that at which it recrystallizes. TERM 21 Principle of Combined Action DEFINITION 21 The supposition, often valid, that new properties, better properties, better property combinations, and/or a higher level of properties can be fashioned by the judicious combination of two or more distinct materials. TERM 22 Reinforced Concrete DEFINITION 22 Concrete that is reinforced (or strengthened in tension) by the incorporation of steel rods, wires, or mesh. TERM 23 Spherodite DEFINITION 23 Microstructure found in steel alloys consisting of spherelike cementite particles within an ferrite matrix. It is produced by an appropriate elevated-temperature heat treatment of pearlite, bainite, or martensite and is relatively soft. TERM 24 Spherulite DEFINITION 24 An aggregate of ribbon-like polymer crystallites radiating from a common central nucleation site; the crystallites are separated by amorphous regions. TERM 25 Stainless Steel DEFINITION 25 A steel alloy that is highly resistant to corrosion in a variety of environments. The predominant alloying element is Chromium, which must be present in a concentration of at least 11%. TERM 26 Tempered Martensite DEFINITION 26 The microstructural product resulting from a tempering heat treatment of an martensitic steel. The microstructure consists of extremely small and uniformly dispersed cemntite particles embedded within a continuous ferrite matrix. TERM 27 Thermoplastic DEFINITION 27 A semicrystalline polymeric material that softens when heated and hardens upon cooling. While in the softened state, articles may be formed by molding or extrusion. TERM 28 Thermosetting DEFINITION 28 A polymeric material that, once having been cured (or hardened) by a chemical reaction, will not soften or melt when subsequently heated. TERM 29 TTT DEFINITION 29 Time-Temperature-Transformation. TERM 30 Viscosity DEFINITION 30 The ratio of the magnitude of an applied shear stress to the velocity gradient that it produces - that is, a measure of a noncrystalline material's resistance to permanent deformation.