Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam wi, Exams of Nursing

Download Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam wi and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 The nurse is writing a nursing diagnosis for a plan of care for a pt who has been newly diagnosed w/ type 2 diabetes. Which statement reflects the correct format for a nursing diagnosis? a. anxiety b. anxiety related to new drug therapy c. anxiety related to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as "I'm upset about having to test my blood sugars." d. anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as "I'm upset about having to test my blood sugars." - Exact Answer: D The pt is to receive oral guaifenesin (Mucinex) 2x a day. Today, the nurse was busy & gave the med 2 hrs. after the scheduled dose was due. What type of problem does this represent? a. right time b. right dose c. right route d. right medication - Exact Answer: A Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 The nurse has been monitoring the pt's progress on a new drug regimen since the first dose & documenting the pt's therapeutic response to the medication. Which phase of the nursing process do these actions illustrate? a. nursing diagnosis b. planning c. implementation d. evaluation - Exact Answer: D The nurse is assigned to a pt who is newly diagnosed w/ type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement best illustrates an outcome criterion for this pt? a. the pt will follow instructions b. the pt will not experience complications c. the pt will adhere to the new insulin treatment regimen d. the pt will demonstrate correct blood glucose testing technique - Exact Answer: D Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 The pt is receiving 2 different drugs. At current dosages & dosage forms, both drugs are absorbed into the circulation in identical amounts. Which term is used to identify this principle? a. bioequivalent b. synergistic c. prodrugs d. steady state - Exact Answer: A The nurse is administering parenteral drugs. Which statement is true regarding parenteral drugs? a. parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect b. absorption of parenteral drugs is affected by reduced blood flow to the stomach c. absorption of parenteral drugs is faster when the stomach is empty d. parenteral drugs exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream - Exact Answer: A Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 When monitoring the pt receiving an intraveous infusion to reduce BP, the nurse notes that the pt's BP is extremely low, & the pt is lethargic & difficult to awaken. This would be classified as which type of adverse drug reaction? a. adverse effect b. allergic reaction c. idiosyncratic reaction d. pharmacologic reaction - Exact Answer: D When reviewing the mechanism of action of a specific drug, the nurse reads that the drug works by selective enzyme interaction. Which of these processes describes selective enzyme interaction? a. the drug alters cell membrane permeability b. the drug's effectiveness within the cell walls of the target tissue is enhanced c. the drug is attracted to a receptor on the cell wall, preventing an enzyme from binding to that receptor Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 d. the drug binds to an enzyme molecule & inhibits or enhances the enzyme's action w/ the normal target cell - Exact Answer: D When administering a new medication to a pt, the nurse reads that is highly protein bound. Assuming that the pt's albumin levels are normal, the nurse would expect which result, as compared to a medication that is not highly protein bound? a. renal excretion will be faster b. the drug will be metabolized quickly c. the duration of action of the medication will be shorter d. the duration of action of the medication will be longer - Exact Answer: D The pt is experiencing chest pain & needs to take a sublingual form of nitroglycerin. Where does the nurse instruct the pt to place the tablet? a. under the tongue b. on top of the tongue c. at the back of the throat Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 A patient is taking the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin (Indocin) as treatment for pericarditis. The nurse will teach the patient to watch for which adverse effect? a. Tachycardia b. Nervousness c. Nausea and vomiting d. Dizziness - Exact Answer: c The nurse is assessing a newly admitted 83 year old pt & determines that the pt is experiencing polypharmacy. Which statement most accurately illustrates polypharmacy? a. the pt is experiencing multiple illnesses b. the pt uses one med for an illness several times per day c. the pt uses OTC - Exact Answer: Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 The nurse is teaching a patient who is taking colchicine for the treatment of gout. Which instruction will the nurse include during the teaching session? a. "Fluids should be restricted while on colchicine therapy." b. "Take colchicine with meals." c. "The drug will be discontinued when symptoms are reduced." d. "Call your doctor if you have increased pain or blood in the urine." - Exact Answer: d A mother brings her toddler into the emergency department and tells the nurse that she thinks the toddler has eaten an entire bottle of chewable aspirin tablets. The nurse will assess for which most common signs of salicylate intoxication in children? a. Photosensitivity and nervousness b. Tinnitus and hearing loss c. Acute gastrointestinal bleeding d. Hyperventilation and drowsiness - Exact Answer: d Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 A 6-year-old child who has chickenpox also has a fever of 102.9° F (39.4° C). The child's mother asks the nurse if she should use aspirin to reduce the fever. What is the best response by the nurse? a. "It's best to wait to see if the fever gets worse." b. "You can use the aspirin, but watch for worsening symptoms." c. "Acetaminophen (Tylenol) should be used to reduce his fever, not aspirin." d. "You can use aspirin, but be sure to follow the instructions on the bottle." - Exact Answer: c A patient has used enteric aspirin for several years as treatment for osteoarthritis. However, the symptoms are now worse and she is given a prescription for a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 b. Gout c. Osteoarthritis d. Systemic lupus erythematosus - Exact Answer: b A patient calls the clinic to ask about taking a glucosamine-chondroitin supplement for arthritis. The nurse reviews the medication history and notes that there will be a concern for drug interactions if the patient is also taking medications for which disorder? a. Type 2 diabetes mellitus b. Hypothyroidism c. Hypertension d. Angina - Exact Answer: a The nurse is reviewing the history of a patient who has a new order for a nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drug (NSAID) to treat tendonitis. Which conditions are contraindications to the Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 use of NSAIDs? (Select all that apply.) a. Vitamin K deficiency b. Arthralgia c. Peptic ulcer disease d. Neuropathy e. Pericarditis - Exact Answer: a,c A 75-year-old woman has been given a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (an NSAID for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse is reviewing the patient's medication history and notes that which types of medications could have an interaction with the NSAID? (Select all that apply.) a. Antibiotics b. Decongestants c. Anticoagulants d. Beta blockers Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 e. Diuretics f. Corticosteroids - Exact Answer: c,e,f A patient was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer last month, and has complained of a dull ache in the abdomen for the past 4 months. This pain has been gradually increasing, and the pain relievers taken at home are no longer effective. What type of pain is the patient experiencing? a. Acute pain b. Chronic pain c. Somatic pain d. Neuropathic pain - Exact Answer: b An 18-year-old basketball player fell and twisted his ankle during a game. The nurse will expect to administer which type of analgesic? a. Synthetic opioid, such as meperidine (Demerol) Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 d. The importance of taking the drug on an empty stomach - Exact Answer: c A patient has been treated for lung cancer for 3 years. Over the past few months, the patient has noticed that the opioid analgesic is not helping as much as it had previously and more medication is needed for the same pain relief. The nurse is aware that this patient is experiencing which of these? a. Opioid addiction b. Opioid tolerance c. Opioid toxicity d. Opioid abstinence syndrome - Exact Answer: b A 38-year-old man has come into the urgent care center with severe hip pain after falling from a Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 ladder at work. He says he has taken several pain pills over the past few hours but cannot remember how many he has taken. He hands the nurse an empty bottle of acetaminophen (Tylenol). The nurse is aware that the most serious toxic effect of acute acetaminophen overdose is which condition? a. Tachycardia b. Central nervous system depression c. Hepatic necrosis d. Nephropathy - Exact Answer: c A 57-year-old woman being treated for end-stage breast cancer has been using a transdermal opioid analgesic as part of the management of pain. Lately, she has been experiencing breakthrough pain. The nurse expects this type of pain to be managed by which of these Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 interventions? a. Administering NSAIDs b. Administering an immediate-release opioid c. Changing the opioid route to the rectal route d. Making no changes to the current therapy - Exact Answer: b The nurse is reviewing herbal therapies. Which is a common use of the herb feverfew? a. Muscle aches b. Migraine headaches c. Leg cramps d. Incision pain after surgery - Exact Answer: b A patient is to receive acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) as part of the treatment for an acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose. Which action by the nurse is appropriate when giving this medication? a. Giving the medication undiluted for full effect Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 c. A patient with a history of liver disease d. A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease - Exact Answer: c A patient arrives at the urgent care center complaining of leg pain after a fall when rock climbing. The x-rays show no broken bones, but he has a large bruise on his thigh. The patient says he drives a truck and does not want to take anything strong because he needs to stay awake. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate? a. "It would be best for you not to take anything if you are planning to drive your truck." b. "We will discuss with your doctor about taking an opioid because that would work best for your pain." c. "You can take acetaminophen, also known as Tylenol, for pain, but no more than Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 1000 mg per day." d. "You can take acetaminophen, also known as Tylenol, for pain, but no more than 3000 mg per day." - Exact Answer: d A patient is suffering from tendonitis of the knee. The nurse is reviewing the patient's medication administration record and recognizes that which adjuvant medication is most appropriate for this type of pain? a. Antidepressant b. Anticonvulsant c. Corticosteroid d. Local anesthesia - Exact Answer: c Vicodin (acetaminophen/hydrocodone) is prescribed for a patient who has had surgery. The Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 nurse informs the patient that which common adverse effects can occur with this medication? (Select all that apply.) a. Diarrhea b. Constipation c. Lightheadedness d. Nervousness e. Urinary retention f. Itching - Exact Answer: b,c,e,f When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for edema, the nurse will monitor for which possible adverse effect? a. Metabolic alkalosis b. Elevated blood glucose c. Hyperkalemia d. Mental alertness - Exact Answer: b Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 When reviewing the mechanisms of action of diuretics, the nurse knows that which statement is true about loop diuretics? a. They work by inhibiting aldosterone. b. They are very potent, having a diuretic effect that lasts at least 6 hours. c. They have a rapid onset of action and cause rapid diuresis. d. They are not effective when the creatinine clearance decreases below 25 mL/min. - Exact Answer: c When monitoring a patient who is taking hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL), the nurse notes that which drug is most likely to cause a severe interaction with the diuretic? a. Digitalis b. Penicillin c. Potassium supplements d. Aspirin - Exact Answer: a Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, which of these assessment measures would best reflect the patient's fluid volume status? a. Blood pressure and pulse b. Serum potassium and sodium levels c. Intake, output, and daily weight d. Measurements of abdominal girth and calf circumference - Exact Answer: c A patient is being discharged to home on a single daily dose of a diuretic. The nurse instructs the patient to take the dose at which time so it will be least disruptive to the patient's daily routine? a. In the morning b. At noon c. With supper d. At bedtime - Exact Answer: a Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 A patient is started on a diuretic for antihypertensive therapy. The nurse expects that a drug in which class is likely to be used initially? a. Loop diuretics b. Osmotic diuretics c. Thiazide diuretics d. Potassium-sparing diuretics - Exact Answer: c A patient in the neurologic intensive care unit is being treated for cerebral edema. Which class of diuretic is used to reduce intracranial pressure? a. Loop diuretics b. Osmotic diuretics c. Thiazide diuretics d. Vasodilators - Exact Answer: b Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 a. Dyspnea b. Constipation c. Tinnitus d. Muscle weakness e. Anorexia f. Lethargy - Exact Answer: d,e,f Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for the patient who has just received a prescription for a new medication? a. Noncompliance related to new drug therapy b. Impaired memory related to new drug therapy c. Lack of knowledge regarding newly prescribed drug therapy d. Deficient knowledge related to newly prescribed drug therapy - Exact Answer: d The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient who will be self- administering insulin Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 injections. Which statement reflects a measurable outcome? a. The patient will know about self-administration of insulin injections. b. The patient will understand the principles of self-administration of insulin injections. c. The patient will demonstrate the proper technique of self- administering insulin injections. d. The patient will comprehend the proper technique of self- administering insulin injections. - Exact Answer: c During a nursing assessment, which question by the nurse allows for greater clarification and additional discussion with the patient? a. "Are you allergic to penicillin?" b. "What medications do you take?" c. "Have you had a reaction to this drug?" Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 d. "Are you taking this medication with meals?" - Exact Answer: b The nurse is setting up a teaching session with an 85-year-old patient who will be going home on anticoagulant therapy. Which educational strategy would reflect consideration of the age-related changes that may exist with this patient? a. Show a video about anticoagulation therapy. b. Present all the information in one session just before discharge. c. Give the patient pamphlets about the medications to read at home. d. Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information presented. - Exact Answer: d When the nurse teaches a skill such as self-injection of insulin to the patient, what is the best way to set up the teaching/learning session? a. Provide written pamphlets for instruction. Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 A 60-year-old patient is on several new medications and expresses worry that she will forget to take her pills. Which action by the nurse would be most helpful in this situation? a. Teaching effective coping strategies b. Asking the patient's prescriber to reduce the number of drugs prescribed c. Assuring the patient that she will not forget once she is accustomed to the routine d. Assisting the patient with obtaining and learning to use a calendar or pill container - Exact Answer: d Which are appropriate considerations when the nurse is assessing the learning needs of a patient? (Select all that apply.) a. Cultural background b. Family history Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 c. Level of education d. Readiness to learn e. Health beliefs - Exact Answer: A,c,d,e The nurse is reviewing medication errors. Which situation is an example of a medication error? a. A patient refuses her morning medications. b. A patient receives a double dose of a medication because the nurse did not cut the pill in half. c. A patient develops hives after having started an IV antibiotic 24 hours earlier. d. A patient complains of severe pain still present 60 minutes after a pain medication was given. - Exact Answer: b The nurse is reviewing a list of verbal medication orders. Which is the proper notation of the Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 dose of the drug ordered? a. Digoxin .125 mg b. Digoxin .1250 mg c. Digoxin 0.125 mg d. Digoxin 0.1250 mg - Exact Answer: c When given a scheduled morning medication, the patient states, "I haven't seen that pill before. Are you sure it's correct?" The nurse checks the medication administration record and verifies that it is listed. Which is the nurse's best response? a. "It's listed here on the medication sheet, so you should take it." b. "Go ahead and take it, and then I'll check with your doctor about it." c. "It wouldn't be listed here if it were not ordered for you!" d. "Let me check on the order first before you take it." - Exact Answer: d During a period of time when the computerized medication order system was down, the Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 A member of an investigational drug study team is working with healthy volunteers whose participation will help to determine the optimal dosage range and pharmacokinetics of the drug. The team member is participating in what type of study? a. Phase I b. Phase II c. Phase III d. Phase IV - Exact Answer: a During discharge patient teaching, the nurse reviews prescriptions with a patient. Which statement is correct about refills for an analgesic that is classified as Schedule C-III? a. No prescription refills are permitted. b. Refills are allowed only by written prescription. c. The patient may have no more than five refills in a 6-month period. Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 d. Written prescriptions expire in 12 months. - Exact Answer: c A patient has been selected as a potential recipient of an experimental drug for heart failure. The nurse knows that when informed consent has been obtained, it indicates which of these? a. The patient has been informed of the possible benefits of the new therapy. b. The patient will be informed of the details of the study as the research continues. c. The patient will receive the actual drug during the experiment. d. The patient has had the study's purpose, procedures, and the risks involved explained to him. - Exact Answer: d For which cultural group must the health care provider respect the value placed on preserving harmony with nature and the belief that disease is a result of ill spirits? Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 a. Hispanics b. Asian Americans c. Native Americans d. African Americans - Exact Answer: c The nurse is assessing an elderly Hispanic woman who is being treated for hypertension. During the assessment, what is important for the nurse to remember about cultural aspects? a. The patient should be discouraged from using folk remedies and rituals. b. The nurse will expect the patient to value protective bracelets and "root workers" as healers. c. The nurse will remember that the balance among body, mind, and environment is important for this patient's health beliefs. Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 want anybody else making decisions for me. And I don't want to prolong my life." The patient is demonstrating which ethical term? a. Autonomy b. Beneficence c. Justice d. Veracity - Exact Answer: a The nurse is reviewing a list of scheduled drugs and notes that Schedule C-I drugs are not on the list. Which is a characteristic of Schedule C-I drugs? a. No refills are permitted. b. They may be obtained over-the-counter with a signature. c. They are available only by written prescription. d. They are used only with approved protocols. - Exact Answer: d During a busy night shift, a new nurse administered an unfamiliar medication without checking it Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 in a drug handbook. Later that day, the patient had a severe reaction because he has renal problems, which was a contraindication to that drug. The nurse may be liable for which of these? a. Medical negligence b. Nursing negligence c. Nonmaleficence d. Autonomy - Exact Answer: b The nurse is reviewing the concept of drug polymorphism. Which factors contribute to drug polymorphism? (Select all that apply.) a. The number of drugs ordered by the physician b. Inherited factors c. The patient's diet and nutritional status d. Different dosage forms of the same drug e. The patient's health beliefs and practices f. The patient's drug history Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 g. The various available forms of a drug - Exact Answer: b,c,e The nurse is performing an admission assessment. Which findings reflect components of a cultural assessment? (Select all that apply.) a. The patient uses aspirin as needed for pain. b. The patient has a history of hypertension. c. The patient uses herbal tea to relax in the evenings. d. The patient does not speak English. e. The patient is allergic to shellfish. f. The patient does not eat pork products for religious reasons. - Exact Answer: A,c,d,f The nurse is monitoring a patient who is in the 26th week of pregnancy and has developed gestational diabetes and pneumonia. She is given medications that pose a possible fetal risk, but Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 For accurate medication administration to pediatric patients, the nurse must take into account which criteria? a. Organ maturity b. Renal output c. Body temperature d. Height - Exact Answer: a The nurse recognizes that it is not uncommon for an elderly patient to experience a reduction in the stomach's ability to produce hydrochloric acid. This change may result in which effect? a. Delayed gastric emptying b. Increased gastric acidity c. Decreased intestinal absorption of medications d. Altered absorption of weakly acidic drugs - Exact Answer: d Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 The nurse is administering drugs to neonates and will consider which factor may contribute the most to drug toxicity? a. The lungs are immature. b. The kidneys are small. c. The liver is not fully developed. d. Excretion of the drug occurs quickly. - Exact Answer: c An 83-year-old woman has been given a thiazide diuretic to treat mild heart failure. She and her daughter should be told to watch for which problems? a. Constipation and anorexia b. Fatigue, leg cramps, and dehydration c. Daytime sedation and lethargy d. Edema, nausea, and blurred vision - Exact Answer: b An elderly patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension will be receiving a new prescription for Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 an antihypertensive drug. The nurse expects which type of dosing to occur with this drug therapy? a. Drug therapy will be based on the patient's weight. b. Drug therapy will be based on the patient's age. c. The patient will receive the maximum dose that is expected to reduce the blood pressure. d. The patient will receive the lowest possible dose at first, and then the dose will be increased as needed. - Exact Answer: d The nurse is trying to give a liquid medication to a -year-old child and notes that the medication has a strong taste. Which technique is the best way for the nurse to give the medication to this child? a. Give the medication with a spoonful of ice cream. Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 a. The levels of microsomal enzymes are decreased. b. Fat content is increased because of decreased lean body mass. c. Fat content is decreased because of increased lean body mass. d. The number of intact nephrons is increased. e. The number of intact nephrons is decreased. f. Gastric pH is less acidic. g. Gastric pH is more acidic. - Exact Answer: A,b,e,f What is not a sign of inflammation? a. redness b. warmth c. pain d. purple discoloration - Exact Answer: d Where is cortisol made in the body? a. hypothalamus b. kidney c. adrenals Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 d. heart - Exact Answer: c why do we use steroids for some medical conditions? a. decreased infection b. decrease inflammation c. increase clotting d. increase hunger - Exact Answer: b name a chemical mediatory secreted at the injury site. a. cox 1 and cox 2 b. antihistamines c. peptic acid d. morphine - Exact Answer: a side effects of steroid administration. a. water and sodium retention b. nervousness c. insomnia Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 d. all of the above - Exact Answer: d why could hypertension be a side effect of cortisol administration? a. decried vascular resistance b. increased vascular volume c. decreased peristalsis d. decreased hunger - Exact Answer: b mr J has COPD and takes Prednisone daily. His foot wound won't heal. why? a. eats too much chocolate b. steroid use c. not taking his vitamins d. high glucose levels - Exact Answer: b which is a symptom of anaphylaxis? a. diarrhea b. hypertension Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 b. vancomycin c. aminoglycosides d. tetracycline - Exact Answer: b painful mouth sores a=caused by antibiotic therapy is called a. liver toxicity b. organ toxicity c. superinfection d. renal failure - Exact Answer: c ethambutol for TB can cause what condition? a. loss of vision b. loss of hearing c. loss of appetite d. back pain - Exact Answer: a can a virus be killed? a. yes Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 b. no - Exact Answer: b on which part of the nephron does Furosemide act? a. collecting tubule b. proximal convoluted tubule c. loop of Henle d. glomerulus - Exact Answer: c which of the following medications is not a loop diuretic a. furosemide b. ethacrynic acid c. bumetanide d. sipronolactone - Exact Answer: d what electrolytes can become depleted when using diuretics? a. sodium and potassium b. potassium and phosphorus c. sodium and phosphorus Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 d. calcium and phosphorus - Exact Answer: a what is the chemical symbol for sodium? a. Sa+ b. So+ c. Na+ d. Ne+ - Exact Answer: c what is the chemical symbol for potassium? a. P+ b. Ca+ c. K+ d. Na+ - Exact Answer: c what number indicates hypokalemia? a. 3.6 mmOI/L b. 3.0 mmOI/L c. 4.0mmOI/L Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 for what reason might you hold a dose of a diuretic? a. BP 120/76 b. BP 139/98 c. Na 138 d. K 3.0 - Exact Answer: d which of the following are not symptoms of hypokalemia? a. thirst b. irregular heart rate and dysrhythmias c. felling energized d. muscle cramps - Exact Answer: c which diuretic is the first choice for initial treatment of hypertension? a. thiazide diuretics b. potassium sparing diuretics c. loop diuretics d. ace inhibitors - Exact Answer: a Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 which of the following are adverse symptoms of loop diuretics? (2) a. ototoxicity b. sodium and potassium loss c. water loss d. fainting or falling - Exact Answer: a,d When reviewing the allergy history of a patient, the nurse notes that the patient is allergic to penicillin. Based on this finding, the nurse would question an order for which class of antibiotics? a. Tetracyclines b. Sulfonamides c. Cephalosporins d. Quinolones - Exact Answer: c Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 The nurse is providing teaching to a patient taking an oral tetracycline antibiotic. Which statement by the nurse is correct? a. "Avoid direct sunlight and tanning beds while on this medication." b. "Milk and cheese products result in increased levels of tetracycline." c. "Antacids taken with the medication help to reduce gastrointestinal distress." d. "Take the medication until you are feeling better." - Exact Answer: a When reviewing the medication orders for a patient who is taking penicillin, the nurse notes that the patient is also taking the oral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin). What possible effect may occur as the result of an interaction between these drugs? a. The penicillin will cause an enhanced anticoagulant effect of the warfarin. b. The penicillin will cause the anticoagulant effect of the warfarin to decrease. Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 The nurse is monitoring a patient who has been on antibiotic therapy for 2 weeks. Today the patient tells the nurse that he has had watery diarrhea since the day before and is having abdominal cramps. His oral temperature is 101° F (38.3° C). Based on these findings, which conclusion will the nurse draw? a. The patient's original infection has not responded to the antibiotic therapy. b. The patient is showing typical adverse effects of antibiotic therapy. c. The patient needs to be tested for Clostridium difficile infection. d. The patient will need to take a different antibiotic. - Exact Answer: c The nurse is monitoring for therapeutic results of antibiotic therapy in a patient with an infection. Which laboratory value would indicate therapeutic effectiveness of this therapy? a. Increased red blood cell count Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 b. Increased hemoglobin level c. Decreased white blood cell count d. Decreased platelet count - Exact Answer: c The nurse is reviewing the sputum culture results of a patient with pneumonia and notes that the patient has a gram-positive infection. Which generation of cephalosporin is most appropriate for this type of infection? a. First generation b. Second generation c. Third generation d. Fourth generation - Exact Answer: a A patient will be having oral surgery and has received an antibiotic to take for 1 week before the surgery. The nurse knows that this is an example of which type of therapy? Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 a. Empiric b. Prophylactic c. Definitive d. Resistance - Exact Answer: b A patient has a urinary tract infection. The nurse knows that which class of drugs is especially useful for such infections? a. Macrolides b. Carbapenems c. Sulfonamides d. Tetracyclines - Exact Answer: c During drug therapy for pneumonia, a female patient develops a vaginal superinfection. The nurse explains that this infection is caused by: a. large doses of antibiotics that kill normal flora. b. the infection spreading from her lungs to the new site of infection. Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 these drugs or drug classes? (Select all that apply.) a. Opioids b. Oral contraceptives c. Sulfonylureas d. Antihistamines e. Phenytoin (Dilantin) f. Warfarin (Coumadin) - Exact Answer: b,c,e,f When a patient is on aminoglycoside therapy, the nurse will monitor the patient for which indicators of potential toxicity? a. Fever b. White blood cell count of 8000 cells/mm3 c. Tinnitus and dizziness d. Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels - Exact Answer: c The nurse is administering a vancomycin (Vancocin) infusion. Which measure is appropriate for Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 the nurse to implement in order to reduce complications that may occur with this drug's administration? a. Monitoring blood pressure for hypertension during the infusion b. Discontinuing the drug immediately if red man syndrome occurs c. Restricting fluids during vancomycin therapy d. Infusing the drug over at least 1 hour - Exact Answer: d Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient who has started aminoglycoside therapy? a. Constipation b. Risk for injury (renal damage) c. Disturbed body image related to gynecomastia d. Imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements, related to nausea - Exact Answer: b A patient who has been hospitalized for 2 weeks has developed a pressure ulcer that contains Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which drug would the nurse expect to be chosen for therapy? a. Metronidazole (Flagyl) b. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) c. Vancomycin (Vancocin) d. Tobramycin (Nebcin) - Exact Answer: c A patient is receiving aminoglycoside therapy and will be receiving a beta-lactam antibiotic as well. The patient asks why two antibiotics have been ordered. What is the nurse's best response? a. "The combined effect of both antibiotics is greater than each of them alone." b. "One antibiotic is not strong enough to fight the infection." c. "We have not yet isolated the bacteria, so the two antibiotics are given to cover a wide range of microorganisms." Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 a. Neuralgia b. Double vision c. Hypotension d. Tendonitis and tendon rupture - Exact Answer: d The nurse is administering intravenous vancomycin (Vancocin) to a patient who has had gastrointestinal surgery. Which nursing measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) a. Monitoring serum creatinine levels b. Restricting fluids while the patient is on this medication c. Warning the patient that a flushed feeling or facial itching may occur d. Instructing the patient to report dizziness or a feeling of fullness in the ears e. Reporting a trough drug level of 11 mcg/mL and holding the drug f. Reporting a trough drug level of 24 mcg/mL and holding the drug - Exact Answer: A,c,d,f Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 A patient will be receiving nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) treatment for a urinary tract infection. The nurse is reviewing the patient's history and will question the nitrofurantoin order if which disorder is present in the history? (Select all that apply.) a. Liver disease b. Coronary artery disease c. Hyperthyroidism d. Type 1 diabetes mellitus e. Chronic renal disease - Exact Answer: a,e A patient has a new order for the adrenergic drug doxazosin (Cardura). When providing education about this drug, the nurse will include which instructions? a. "Weigh yourself daily, and report any weight loss to your prescriber." b. "Increase your potassium intake by eating more bananas and apricots." Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 c. "The impaired taste associated with this medication usually goes away in 2 to 3 weeks." d. "Be sure to lie down after taking the first dose, because first-dose hypotension may make you dizzy." - Exact Answer: d A patient with severe liver disease is receiving the angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril (Capoten). The nurse is aware that the advantage of this drug for this patient is which characteristic? a. Captopril rarely causes first-dose hypotensive effects. b. Captopril has little effect on electrolyte levels. c. Captopril is a prodrug and is metabolized by the liver before becoming active. d. Captopril is not a prodrug and does not need to be metabolized by the liver before Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 a. Vasodilators alone b. ACE inhibitors alone c. Calcium channel blockers with thiazide diuretics d. Beta blockers with thiazide diuretics - Exact Answer: c The nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which is a potential nursing diagnosis for the patient taking antihypertensive medications? a. Diarrhea b. Sexual dysfunction c. Urge urinary incontinence d. Impaired memory - Exact Answer: b A patient's blood pressure elevates to 270/150 mm Hg, and a hypertensive emergency is obvious. He is transferred to the intensive care unit and started on a sodium nitroprusside Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 (Nipride) drip to be titrated per his response. With this medication, the nurse knows that the maximum dose of this drug should be infused for how long? a. 10 minutes b. 30 minutes c. 1 hour d. 24 hours - Exact Answer: a A patient with primary hypertension is prescribed drug therapy for the first time. The patient asks how long drug therapy will be needed. Which Exact Answer: by the nurse is the correct response? a. "This therapy will take about 3 months." b. "This therapy will take about a year." c. "This therapy will go on until your symptoms disappear." d. "Therapy for high blood pressure is usually lifelong." - Exact Answer: d Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months complains of having a persistent dry cough. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs? a. Beta blockers b. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors c. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) d. Calcium channel blockers - Exact Answer: b A pregnant woman is experiencing hypertension. The nurse knows that which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is experiencing hypertension? a. Mannitol (Osmitrol) b. Enalapril (Vasotec) c. Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) d. Methyldopa (Aldomet) - Exact Answer: d Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 b. "If you notice that the symptoms have gone away, you should be able to stop taking the drug." c. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with your doctor first." d. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next office visit." e. "Most over-the-counter decongestants are compatible with antihypertensive drugs." f. "Please continue taking the medication, even if you are feeling better." - Exact Answer: A,c,f The nurse is administering intravenous vancomycin (Vancocin) to a patient who has had Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 gastrointestinal surgery. Which nursing measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) a. Monitoring serum creatinine levels b. Restricting fluids while the patient is on this medication c. Warning the patient that a flushed feeling or facial itching may occur d. Instructing the patient to report dizziness or a feeling of fullness in the ears e. Reporting a trough drug level of 11 mcg/mL and holding the drug f. Reporting a trough drug level of 24 mcg/mL and holding the drug - Exact Answer: A,c,d,e A patient with gout has been treated with allopurinol (Zyloprim) for 2 months. The nurse will monitor laboratory results for which therapeutic effect? a. Decreased uric acid levels b. Decreased prothrombin time c. Decreased white blood cell count d. Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels - Exact Answer: a Test Bank for Pharmacology A Patient- Centered Nursing Process Approach Study Guide Exam with over 180 Correctly Answered Questions 2023-2024 The nurse is monitoring a pt who is in the 26th week of pregnancy & has developed gestational diabetes & pneumonia. She is given medications that pose a possible fetal risk, but the potential benefits may warrant the use of the medications in her situation. The nurse recognizes that these medications are in which U.S. FDA pregnancy safety category? a. category X b. category B c. category C d. category D - Exact Answer: D When discussing dosage calculation for peds pts w/ a clinical pharmacist, the nurse notes that which type of dosage calculation is used most commonly in pediatric calculations? a. west nomogram b. clark rule c. height-to-weight ratio