"Industrialization & Economic Changes in America: Key Figures, Terms & Movements Timeline", Quizzes of United States History

Download "Industrialization & Economic Changes in America: Key Figures, Terms & Movements Timeline" and more Quizzes United States History in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Henry Grady DEFINITION 1 -Pro-reconstruction -Led marketing and promotional efforts to help boost economy in the south -Tried to draw new people - Spoke at Delmonico's Restaurant in NYC -"South of slavery is dead" -Put business above politics TERM 2 The south as a "Colonial Economy" DEFINITION 2 South provided raw materials to industrialization efforts in the north TERM 3 Sharecropping DEFINITION 3 -System in which farmer rents/borrows land from owner to farm on. Owner gets flat fee or share of profits. -Mutually beneficial: farmers couldn't afford land, owners couldn't afford labor -Land owners were often dishonest; farmers suffered -Merchants extended credit to farmers at very high interest -Farmers had to focus on cash crops so they could barely feed their family (didn't grow own food because it took up land) TERM 4 Cash Crops DEFINITION 4 Cotton (could actually be used as currency) Tobacco (mainly planted in the north) Sugarcane TERM 5 Pellagra DEFINITION 5 -Nutrient deficiency common among sharecropping farmers - Caused tooth loss, pale skin, etc. TERM 6 Philadelphia Centennial Exposition DEFINITION 6 -1876 -"World Fair" for new products -Products shown there: Hires' Root Beer, bananas, safety bicycle -Expo created demand TERM 7 Gigantism DEFINITION 7 Theory that "bigger is better" Corliss Engine (size of a room) TERM 8 Erosion in the south DEFINITION 8 -Farmers didn't practice crop rotation because of high profits from cash crops -Massive erosion occurred because of this - Introduced kudzu to hold land in place -Kudzu grows up to 2- 3 ft/day and is still a problem today TERM 9 Andrew Carnegie DEFINITION 9 -Invested in a steel mill -Used vertical integration -Created Carnegie Steel in 1900 -Sold to JP Morgan in 1901 for $1.4 billion TERM 10 Bessemer Process DEFINITION 10 -Process that turns iron into steel -First used by Andrew Carnegie -Unsustainable