Download Understanding German Grammar: Cases & Pronouns and more Quizzes German Language in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Nominative Case - definition DEFINITION 1 When a NOUN (person, place, thing) is either the SUBJECT or the predicate noun A predicate noun can be a noun or pronoun (he, she) that follows a linking very like sein, werden, heissen TERM 2 Nominative Case - hint words DEFINITION 2 Sein (To be: Ich bin, du bist, er/sie/es ist, wir sind, ihr seid, Sie sind) Werden Heissen TERM 3 Nominative Case - The endings DEFINITION 3 RESE : deR , diE, daS, diE TERM 4 Nominative Case - Answers the questions.. DEFINITION 4 Was? Wer? What? or Who? TERM 5 Accusative Case - definition DEFINITION 5 When a noun or a pronoun is the DIRECT OBJECT in the sentence THE CHANGES WILL AFFECT THE DIRECT OBJECT TERM 6 Sidenote.. recognizing the Direct Object DEFINITION 6 Direct Object is whatever is being acted upon... She buys the flowers. Who buys? She; She = subject, bc she's is DOING the action. What's being bought? The flowers; = Direct object, bc they are being purchased. TERM 7 Accusative Case - Answers the question.. DEFINITION 7 Was? Wen? What? or Whom? TERM 8 Accusative Case - hint words DEFINITION 8 The direct object will follow an accusative preposition; These preps tell you it is accusative case: DOGFU! Durch, Ohne, Gegen, Fur (with an umlout over u), Um. (Under, without, against, for, around) TERM 9 Accusative Case - Endings DEFINITION 9 NESE deN diE daS diE The ending of the Direct Object is changed (but only for der words, all else stays the same) In the direct object, Any word preceding a der word's ending will change from R to N TERM 10 Dative Case - Definition DEFINITION 10 When a noun or a pronoun is the INDIRECT OBJECT in the sentence THE CHANGES WILL AFFECT THE INDIRECT OBJECT TERM 21 Mogen (with umlaut) DEFINITION 21 Means: liking Ich mag es nicht. I don't like it. Ich mag, du magst, er/sie/es mag TERM 22 Mussen (with umlaut) DEFINITION 22 Means: Must Ich muss arbeiten. I must (have to) work. Ich muss, du musst, er/sie/es muss TERM 23 Sollen DEFINITION 23 Means: Obligation Ich soll arbeiten. I'm supposed to work. Ich soll, du sollst, er/sie/es soll TERM 24 Wollen DEFINITION 24 Means: Wishing, wanting, intention Ich will arbeiten. I want (intend) to work. Ich will, du willst, er/sie/es will TERM 25 DER WORDS DEFINITION 25 DER WORDS TERM 26 Der- words: definition DEFINITION 26 Der-words follow the same pattern in the nominative and accusative as the definite articles TERM 27 dies (-er,-es,-e) DEFINITION 27 this; these (pl) (-er,-es,-e) = endings for masculine, neuter, and feminine/pl, respectively TERM 28 jed (-er,-es,-e) DEFINITION 28 each, every (used in the singular only) TERM 29 manch (-er,-es,-e) DEFINITION 29 Many a, several, some (used mainly in the plural) TERM 30 solch (-er,-es,-e) DEFINITION 30 that kind of (those kinds of), such (used mainly in the plural; in the singular 'so ein' replaces solch) TERM 31 Welch (-er,-es,-e) DEFINITION 31 Which TERM 32 Coordinating Conjunctions - definition DEFINITION 32 An independent clause can stand alone as a complete sentence, so coordinating conjunctions connect two independent clauses. Do not affect word order, so the subject still comes before the verb. IE: Jana kommt morgen und Lisa kommt am Montag. TERM 33 und DEFINITION 33 and TERM 34 aber DEFINITION 34 but, however TERM 35 oder DEFINITION 35 or
