Understanding Global Cities: Attributes, Influence, and Challenges, Slides of Social Sciences

Download Understanding Global Cities: Attributes, Influence, and Challenges and more Slides Social Sciences in PDF only on Docsity! THE GLOBAL CITY Presentation by Jaira D. Veras Earl Windell S. Joven INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES Identify the attributes of a global city Analyze how cities serve as engines of globalization; and Explain how multinational corporations influence the development of global cities. 3 London Tokyo New York THREE GLOBAL CITIES 4 SASSEN’S CONCEPT OF GLOBAL CITY Emphasis on the flow of information and capital. Cities are major nodes in the interconnected system of information and money. Wealth that flows facilitate financial institutions, consulting firms, accounting firm, law firms and media organization HOW DOES A CITY BECOME A GLOBAL CITY? 5 WHY STUDY GLOBAL CITIES? GLOBALIZATION IS SPATIAL which means: 1. Globalization is spatial because it occurs in spaces. More people are driven out of city centers to make way for the new developments. 2. Globalization is spatial because what makes it move is the fact that is based in places It contains international organization, different firms such as law firms, headquarters for the multinational countries as well as stock exchanges that influences the world’s economy. Also, in global city the cost of living is better than other cities and there are a number of billionaires. ECONOMIC POWER e Determines which cities are global. 9Make it attractive to talents across the world. ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES 10 ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS Criteria in market size, purchasing power of citizens, size of the middle class and potential growth. 13A city’s intellectual influence. CENTER OF HIGH LEARNING AND CULTURE 14 The Global city serves as a hub for production, finance, and telecommunications. Sassen (2005) outlined the different characteristics of globality that maintain its link to globalization. Sassen’s characteristic of a global city are: 1. The cultural diversity of the people; 2. Existence of a center of economy 3. Geographical dispersal pf economic activities that marks globalization; and 4. Global reach performance. These characteristics are observe in famous global cities such as New York, Tokyo, Singapore, and Seoul . Global Cities Index, rank and score 2018rank 2017rank 2013 Qutlook City 1 1 2 New York 3 4 14 54 30 5 15 4] 22 24 45 49 20 19 18 10 12 64 i CGeouonbun Slol4 om) colon) elo lp mlo = es ee ee on) S|) |) oo —_ oO Bo) Go) oo WW) Business activity (30%) BB Human capital (30%) ho a 15 Source: A.T. Kearney 2018 Global Cities Report 18 CHARACTERISTICS OF A GLOBAL CITY (LONGHORN,2015) Economic Attribute. No city is a global city is a global city unless it is an economic powerhouse, dominant in finance, trade and manufacturing, or business services. *Population Size. All global cities are big cities-three and manufacturing, or business services. Human Capital. This means having a storehouse of smart, educated, creative people. The percentage of the population with a college degree counts. So does the number of universities and their quality. 19 CHARACTERISTICS OF A GLOBAL CITY (LONGHORN,2015) Culture. A strong economy pays for the museums, universities, symphonies and theaters that make a city more than a labor pool. This is also a draw for global citizens who have a palette of places to live, work, and do business. Tourists. Because global cities are so big, so vibrant, so much fun, they are magnets for tourists. Tourists themselves are major expert industry: they come from outside to buy what a city has to offer. 20 CHARACTERISTICS OF A GLOBAL CITY (LONGHORN,2015) Connectivity. For the most part, this means air and digital connections to the rest of the world. If global cities are where global citizens meet, then a major airport with a full schedule of nonstop fights to other global cities is crucial. Quality of life. This includes public transit, the environment, safe streets, good health care, and efficient and honest local government. A reputation for corruption, pollution, or crime will damage a city’s competitive power. 23 THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL CITIES Not all cities are as dense as New York or Tokyo. Some cities like Los Angeles are urban sprawls, with massive freeways that force residents to spend money on cars and gas. Urban areas consume most of the world’s energy. Cities only cover 2% of the world’s landmass, but they consume 78% of global energy. Therefore, if carbon emissions must be cut to prevent global warming, this massive energy consumption in cities must be curbes. The major terror attacks of recent years have also target cities. Cities, especially those with global influence, are obvious targets for terrorists due to their high populations and their role as symbols of globalization that many tourists despise. 24 THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL CITIES 9/11 attack - World Trade Center in New York November 2015 attacks in Paris by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) 25 THE GLOBAL CITY AND THE POOR Massive inequality was very pronounced in cities. Some large cities, particularly those in Scandinavia, have found ways to mitigate inequality through state-led social redistribution programs. Yet many cities, particularly those in the developing countries, are sites of contradiction. In places like Mumbai , Jakarta, and Manila, it is common to find gleaming buildings alongside massive shantytowns. This duality may even be seen in rich urban cities. In the outskirts of New York and San Francisco are poor urban enclaves occupied by African-Americans and immigrant families who are often denied opportunities at a better life. 28 CONCLUSION Global cities house industries that promote the globalization of markets. As the development of global condition, cultural diversity of markets among countries arises and the world as people know it is currently in the state where people are divers, yet connected. Through the development of multinational corporations, global cities have been established. The 21st century brought the countries together into global competition. In the coming decades, the number of global cities will dramatically increase. REFERENCES e https://www.britannica.com/topic/global-city e https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691070636/the- global-city e https://www.slideshare.net/DivyaReddy350/global-city-249973468 e https://www.kearney.com/global- cities/20187t:~:text=The%20Kearney%202018%20Global%20Cities,go%20 beyond%20simply%20ranking%2Ocities. THANK YOU