The Effect of the Time Management Art on Academic Achievement among High School Students, High school final essays of Business

Download The Effect of the Time Management Art on Academic Achievement among High School Students and more High school final essays Business in PDF only on Docsity! Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.7, No.5, 2016 158 The Effect of the Time Management Art on Academic Achievement among High School Students in Jordan Dr. Maysoon Al-Zoubi Associate Professor in Educational management Abstract This study aimed at recognizing the effect of the Time Management Art on academic achievement among high school students in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The researcher employed the descriptive- analytic research to achieve the purpose of the study where he chose a sample of (2000) high school female and male students as respondents to the questionnaire. In the conclusion, the findings showed that there was a medium degree and static significance at the level of time management according to the high school students in Irbid city. And the presence of statistically significant relationship between the ability to manage time and academic achievement among high school students, also it showed that there was a statically significance at the level (α≤0.05) of this relationship regarding the gender variable running on the behalf of females while there was no any differences according to studying hours . At the end of the study, the researcher recommended the need to hold seminars and lectures for students to help them know about how to allocate the right time for subjects in order to obtain higher levels of academic achievement. Key words: Time Management, Academic Achievement. Introduction Time is to be deemed very substantial to human beings as age and capital; especially that entire human life is made of time segments which mean the second that is gone is going to shorten the human life and make the death nearer. The whole life is a test to see who deserves the paradise in the judgment day, so exploiting the time to fulfill ambitions is of great importance in both worldly life and in the hereafter (Algaradawi, 2003, p14). Time management is very worthwhile issue during to being it a key factor in any success at all levels of life and for that the term time management is strongly associated with administrative work. Despite of its importance, it is never an easy task to manage time individually and a need to specific qualifications along with many personal skills is then a must. Let alone exploiting the available resources in order to meet the society and individual needs at the same time and the ability to adjust with the present and future situations (Alghamdi, 2008, p 49). To manage time is another sense of distributing priorities and exert efforts upon that distribution, according to Covey (2004) seven matters a person must give priorities for, as namely; improving the contacts with others, preparing the activities more effectively, improving the process of managing and planning for the duties, caring for the personal interests, seizing new opportunities, improving the personal skills and information, admitting the power of others. In this respect, mentioning the academic level is of close link to the level of success one may gain; as Academic achievement is the dream of family and social status of the individual, where a human needs to have a positive view of him/her self as this view along with the physical abilities will lead to make real resources to future success. It follows then that in order to get self-satisfaction, one will need to link self –recognition to achievement and self-expressing. A good finding on this is represented in high achievements done by self- recognized intellectuals compared to those with low-recognition (Asakreh, 2003, p 54). Studying successful people schedules is a very contribution towards the knowledge behind making true the goals. The contribution of this paper is to study some of the close links people always advise to gain high grades at school which is time management. Problem of the study The problem of this study lies in the weakness of time management and the existence of too much of leisure time for students which, in turn, will lead to low academic achievement. Hence, a planned exploitation to student's time must be paid a great attention especially with the prevalence of time waste in the academic environment in Jordan. So there is an urgent need to study the effect of the ability to manage time on academic achievement among high school students in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The study was conducted to answer the following questions? 1. What is the extent to the ability of managing time for the high school students in Jordan? 2. What is the average of academic achievement among high school students in the Hashemite Kingdome in Jordan? Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.7, No.5, 2016 159 3. What is the effect of the ability to managing time for the high school students in the Hashemite Kingdome of Jordan? 4. Is there a statistically significant difference of the impact of the ability to manage time on academic achievement among high school students that is attributable to the variables (sex, number of hours of study)? Study Importance :It is undisputable that consequences of time management will benefit both individual and society as long being the individual a part and parcel of any community .Time management is the means into which the individual will exploit his time with the best way to attain the best results. And actually further studies are needed in this field. Objectives of the study: This study aims at identifying the ability effect of time management on academic achievement among high school students in the Hashemite Kingdome of Jordan. Study limitations: The limitations were set in three dimensions; the topical as limited in the areas of time management and academic achievement among high school students, place dimensions where it was applied in Irbid high schools and time detentions, and time dimension where the period of collecting the data and statically analysis was the second semester of the scholastic year 2014/2015. Study terms: - Time management: it is the science of ideal exploitation to time where the priorities go to the tasks according to their importance; it basically depends on concepts of planning, coordination, stimulation, directing, pursue and contact. It is a quantities and qualitative process that trends toward the future (Alian, 2005, p. 28). - Academic achievement: it is a certain level of achievement in school courses measured by the teachers or by the assigned tests as these will provide a degree scale to all subject materials and upon this scale the student caliber in these courses would be measured and rated (Issawi, Aljismani and Zabalawi, 2006, p. 13). Theoretical background and the related literature Time management is considered as an inclusive process that is done through administrative functions which is deeply dependant on high personal talents and skills so it can then produce positive effects to society and individual at the same time. Nonetheless, all of that must be restricted to a specified period of time in order to make persons adjust with present and future situations (Alghamdi , 2008,p30). It is of importance to point out to the fact by (Alsalmi, 2008, p25 ) that the more the company is able to manage time effectively, the more it fulfills its aims correctly in the right time. And for the sake of effectiveness, one must give priorities to some tasks over the others in order to distribute the sufficient time to get the best results, and effectiveness can be then measured by the quantity of finished tasks in that specified time. The bases of time management These are the procedural bases which are integral in attaining the right time management and that which care for reducing the waste of time as possible, it is agreed upon naming them the four rules and accordingly they are as follows; determining the objectives and priorities: (Alyan, 2005, p68) describes it as putting the key objectives and priorities to the intended scheme and the distribution of importance to these objectives. The second on the scale comes the allocation of required time where every task has to have a due time to be finished and that can be done by analyzing the average of achieved efforts in specific times as normal (Alsifani ,2001,p27). Thirdly, time planning where the future goals of the institution must be redefined regarding the time distribution (Hareem, 2006, p112). And finally time management as regarding all previous phases in order to better control all the surrounded circumstances and resources then as a result getting the best exploitation of time. This last phase must follow the time planning (alaboudi, 2002, p90). Objectives of time management Obviously, the aim of time management is of big advantage at the individual and community levels as regarding the individual as the basic molecule that underlies the existence of a community, a set of aims of time management were touched upon by (Aldeeb,2006,p3) as to Provide the time for self-development and the development of performance in addition to the individual's role and place in society, Provide time to think about creativity and innovation in the field of work ,get the optimum benefit of life and reduce the cost of missed opportunities as possible, reach Self protection of idleness and making mistakes in addition to Provide an appropriate time for rest . Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.7, No.5, 2016 162 Describing the characteristics of the study sample: Table 1 shows the distribution of the sample depending on the personal and functional variables. Table 1: Distribution of respondents depending on personal and functional variables Variables Category Frequency Percentage Gender male 943 47.2 female 1057 52.9 sum 2000 100% Studying hours <=6 hours 784 39.2 >6 hours 1216 60.8 sum 2000 100% GPA >80 765 38.3 Between 60-80 779 39.0 <60 456 22.8 sum 2000 100% Rating excellent 295 14.8 Very good 395 19.8 good 305 15.3 fair 549 27.5 weak 456 22.8 sum 2000 100% Statistical treatment In order to answer the study questions the researcher used SPSS program to access the results concerning the values of the variables gender, studying hours , GPA and the rating ; in addition to the arithmetic means , standard deviation to all variables of the study . She also resorted to one-sample t-test and calculated linear regression and independent sample t- test to the variables in order to expose the differences between the arithmetic means to the independent samples. She also did the ANOVA analysis to expose the differences between the arithmetic means to the study tool. Results Results concerning the answer to the first question, what is the level of ability to manage time with high school students in the governorate of Irbid? In an answer to this question, the researcher found all the arithmetic means and standard deviations to all questions under this item as in table (2) and he employed one-sample T-test to expose the level of how much students of the secondary stage are able to manage time in Irbid city as in table (3). Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.7, No.5, 2016 163 Table (2): the arithmetic means and standard deviations of the statements of "the ability of time management and it relation to measure academic achievement among secondary school students" as a whole (n = 2000) No. statement Mean Standard deviation rank degree 1 I'm trying to perform my duties without delay. 3.84 0.99 1 high 2 I'm trying to offer more time to study at the expense of leisure time. 3.56 1.12 3 medium 3 I organize my school duties according to my ability hierarchy. 3.46 1.17 4 medium 4 I try to devote Class time to organize and store special knowledge about its topic . 3.27 1.23 8 medium 5 I'm trying to customize a sufficient time during the weekend to study and review materials 3.33 1.19 6 medium 6 I'm trying to organize studying hours of the day and week in order to achieve academic goals. 3.26 1.31 10 medium 7 I'm planning and organizing my time in accordance with the duties and activities to be performed 3.27 1.20 8 medium 8 I manage my time efficiently and effectively to reach the highest level of academic achievement. 3.58 1.17 2 medium 9 Homework help ease the availability of adequate time to review the course material and to increase the academic achievement 2.74 1.31 17 medium 10 Distribution of time on course materials helps get the highest academic levels. 2.19 1.19 20 low 11 Exploitation of leisure time helps to heighten the academic achievement. 2.89 1.30 16 medium 12 Organization of study hours helps to heighten academic rating. 3.02 1.25 13 medium 13 I manage my time efficiently and effectively to reach the rating excellent. . 3.18 1.21 11 medium 14 reduction of Homework help ease the availability of adequate time to review the course material and to increase the academic rating. 3.00 1.22 14 medium 15 Time wasters like TV help reduce the academic rating. 3.28 1.23 7 medium 16 Identifying of my strengths and weaknesses of the course material helps to raise my academic rating. 2.44 1.32 19 medium 17 Laze before embarking my studies contributes in gaining low rating. 2.90 1.31 15 medium 18 I arrange my priorities according to the importance of each material and the deadline. 2.69 1.28 18 medium 19 I use a notebook to set plans and jottings. 3.42 1.26 5 medium 20 I appreciate the expected time for each scholastic duty to help me organize my time and raise my ability to heighten my rating 3.16 1.25 12 medium The ability level of time management among high school students. 3.12 0.73 - medium Table (2) shows that the arithmetic means ranged between (2.19-3.84) where the statement no.1 (I'm trying to perform my duties without delay.) gains the highest rank with3.84 as its mean then followed by the eighth statement (I manage my time efficiently and effectively to reach the highest level of academic achievement.) with a 3.58 as its mean and accordingly was rated medium. The lowest on the scale came the tenth statement which was pertaining to (Distribution of time on course materials helps get the highest academic levels.)And it gained 2.19 as a mean and low as a rating. As a whole, the final statement (The ability level time management among high school students in general.) gained (3.12) and was rated medium. The paragraph which states (I'm trying to perform my duties without delay.) positions the first rank with a high degree rating : The researcher attributed that to the selection of the secondary stage as the Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.7, No.5, 2016 164 category under study . The importance of this stage lies in the ministerial exam held at the end of it and as normal pupils exert double efforts to attain high academic achievement. The lowest in the rank which was rated (low) was the statement (Distribution of time on course materials helps get the highest academic levels). The researcher attributed that to the fact that students are not accustomed to set plans for their scholastic priorities and hence the teachers are accountable for guiding pupils on how to set programs for this sake. The arithmetic average of the scale as a whole reached a medium degree which states that (The ability level of time management among high school students in general.). Actually, the degree does not meet the urgent need for a higher degree and that may be attributed to the lack of previous time management in the former stages or maybe it is attributed to the prevalent mind-distraction made by present technologies. This result is compatible with the finding in Kimalglo& Filz (2008) and the results showed that there is a medium meaningful relationship between time management and academic achievement. Table (3) : findings of individual-sample T-test which exposes the level of ability to time management among high schools students in Irbid city (n-2000) The level of ability to time management among high schools students mean Standard deviation D.F "t" value Sig. 3.12 0.73 1999 7.489 0.000 Table (3) shows that T value reaches (7.489) with a static significance valued (0.00) where the general mean was compared to the standard value of the five-label scale. The results show the presence of a medium degree and a static significance to the ability of managing study time among high school students in Irbid city. The researcher attributed this to the use of time management skill and organization as being them keys to success in the study by creating a balance between academic and social tasks. Nonetheless, the degree was not as required but the researcher describes it as a skill that needs practice and a little bit experience. It is then become compatible with Abusultana(2003) study where it showed the medium degree of time management among students of Yarmouk university . Results concerning the answer to the second question: What is the level of academic achievement among high school students in irbid city? To answer this question, the researcher employed linear regression test to expose the relation between the ability to manage time and academic achievement among high school student in irbid city as table (4) shows. Table (4) : The findings of linear regression test on the relation between time management and academic achievement. Independent variable value t T Sig. Beta R R² F value F Sig. Ability to manage time 29.793 0.00 0.555 0.55 0.308 87.618 0.00 The dependent variable: academic achievement. Table(4) show that there is a significant relationship between time management and academic achievement among high schools students in irbid city as the value of F reaches (29.793) and with statistical significance (0.00). While R reaches (0.55) and the ratio of prediction (R2) reaches (0.308) as it shows the strength of the time management effect on academic achievement. The results showed a statistically significant relationship between the ability to manage time and academic achievement among high school students, The researcher attributed it to use the time effectively which will lead to a rapid completion of tasks. This finding comes in line with the finding in Al-rhimi & Mardini( 2014) and Kimalglo & Fillz (2008) studies. Results related to answer the fourth question: Is there a statistically significant difference at the level of significance (α≤0.05) for the ability effect to time managing on academic achievement which is attributed to the variables (gender , study hours) ?