Tiếng anh chuyên ngành kinh tế, Exercises of Business English

Download Tiếng anh chuyên ngành kinh tế and more Exercises Business English in PDF only on Docsity! Vocabulary: Basic marketing terms 1. 9. Distribution channel: all the companies or individuals (‘middiemen’) involved in moving goods or sévices from producers to consumers Wholesaler: an intermediary that stocks manufacturers’ goods or mechandise, and sells it to retailers and Professional buyers Market segmentiation: dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers who have different requirements or buying habits Product differentation: making a product (appear to be) different from similar product offered by other seller, by product differences, advertising, packaging, etc Market opportunities: possibilities of filling unsatisfied needs in sectors in which a company can profitably produce goods or services Market skimming: setting a high price for a new product, to make maximum revenue before competing products appear on the market Sales representative: someone who contacts existing and potential customers, and tries to persuade them to buy goods or services Product features: the attributes or characteristics of a product, such as size, shape, quality, price, reliability, etc Price elasticity: the extent to which supply ror demand (the quanlity produced or bought) of a product responds to change of price 10. Market penetration: the strategy of setting a low price to try to sell la large volume and increase market share Reading: The product life cycle Sales: Public awareness about the product increases and sales volume rises significantly > growth stage Sales volume peaks > maturity stage Sales volume begins to go down > decline stage The sales volume is low and customers have to be persuaded to try the product > introduction stage Costs: Costs are high > introduction stage The product’s features may have to be changed so that it differs from competing brands, which involves new costs > maturity stage Costs are reduced due to economies of scale, so profitability increases > growth stage Either costs are too high compared to sales, so the products is discontinued, or the company continues to offer the product to loyal customers, while reducing costs to a minimum > decline stage Prices: - The price is either maintained, or greatly reduced to liquidate stock if the product is discountined > decline stage - The company can choose between high skim pricing to recover development costs, or low penetration pricing to build market share rapidly, if there are already competitors > introduction stage - The price can remain unchanged because demand is increasing but competitors aren’t usually yet well established > growth stage - Prices may have to be reduced because competitors are established in the market, but companies try to defend their market share while alse maximizing profit > maturity stage Promotion: - Promotion emphasizes product differentiation > maturity stage - Promotion is aimed at a much broader audience (the majority of the product’s users) > growth stage - Atthis stage, there is virtually no promotion > decline stage - Promotion is aimed at educating potential consumers (innovators and early adopters) about the product, and building product awareness > introduction stage Listening 1: Promoting a juice bar 1. What was the first form of marketing (or promotion) they tried? The first one they tried is sampling. They did sampling on the street, they sent out one of their staff members wwith little sample goblets, and people, little cups, and then people got to try their products 2. Why were they sure it would work? Because they knew that if people tried their products, they’d be happy - their product selled itself as far as taste 3. What concept was used for the advertising campaign, and what was the problem with it? The concept of having a fit woman with the boxing gloves, with the theme of ‘Get a, get a kich out of your vitamins and come to Zeste’ was used for the advertising campaign. However, they got trouble, because the customers-the Swiss- didn’t know at that stage what a smoothie was. For them, this words didn’t exist so the campaign wasn’t effective Listening 2: The most effective form of promotion 1. According to Melissa, what is the most effective form of promotion? The most effective form of promption is publicity in te papers, and in the general free publicity 2. Does it have a temporary or a permanent effect? selling company’s or nhap penetration has been country’s products in a increasing market or area Elasticity n_ | The degree to whicha | D6co Elasticity is widely used demand or supply is gidn to study the impacts of sensitive to changes in change in commdity the price or income prices to the total revenue of manufacturers Differentiatio n_ | The action or process of | Su khac | Packaging can be a n differentiting biét source of product differentiation Intermediary n_ | A person who acts asa | Nguoi Distributor is a link between people to | trung intermediary between try to bring about an gian company and customers agreement or reconciliation Retailer n |A person or business} Nha baén| The big supermarket that sells goods to the | lé have forced many public in relatively independent retailers out small quantities for use of business or consumption rather than for sale Distinct a Recognizably different | Riéng The patterns of spoken in nature from | biét language are distinct something else of a from those of writing similar type Attribute n |A quality or feature | Thudc Flexibility and mobility regarded as a| tinh are the key attributes of charactiristic or inherent army part of something Reliability n |The quality of being}D6 tin| The car’s background trustworthy or of | cay gives me every performing consistently confidence in its well reliability Maturity n__ | The state, fact, or period | Truéng | I admire their of being mature thanh experience, maturity and strong work ethic Significantly adv | Ina sufficiently great or] Dang ké | Energy bills —_—ihave important way as to be increased _ significantly worth of attention this year Peak n The pointed top of|Dinhcao|In the peak of the something mountain, the air is very diluted Liquidate v__| Wind up the affairs by | Thanhli | If the company was ascertaining liabilities liquidated, there would and apportioning assets be enough funds released to honor the debts Emphasize v Give special importance | Nhan He jabbed a finger into or prominence in| manh the tabletop to speaking or writing emphasize his point Virtually adv Nearly, almost Haunhu |The college became virtually bankrupt Deliberately adv | Consciously and | C6 y The fire war deliberately intentionally started Shift v Move or cause to move | Thay déi | My mother shifted her seat with the woman Express v Convey a thought or | Bay to He expressed complete feeling satisfaction Figure out v Find, search Timra_ | The government figured out the solutions of this problem Orient v Position relative to the | Dinh Parents always orient for points or other positions | hudéng their children when they choose a university Conduct v Organize and carry out | Chidao | He conducted his own defense Description n |A spoken or written | M6 ta People who had seen representation or him were able to give a account of a person, description oject, or event Receptionist n_ | A person employed in a | Lé tan She works as a office receptionist at a company Falsify v Alter information or | Lam gid | A laboratory = was evdence to mislead alleged to have falsified test results Integrate v Combine (one thing) | Tich hop | Transportation planning with another so that should be integrated they became a whole with energy policy Fatal a Causing death Gay tw} Cynaua acid is a fatal vong chemical Internal a Situated on the inside Noi b6__| The tube had an internal diameter of 1.1 mm Fixated Focusing on something | Chu tam | He is so fixated on work Agenda A list of items to be | Chuong | The government had its discussed at a formal | trinh own agenda meeting nghi sw Crumb A very small amount of | Manh The budget provided something vun few crumbs of comfort Concept An abstract idea Y tuéng | What’s the concept of this campaign