Trait and Factor Theory by Frank Parsons, Summaries of Psychology

Download Trait and Factor Theory by Frank Parsons and more Summaries Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! Theory Notes WF ED 560, Spring 2016 Name of Theory: Trait-factor Theory Summary: (maximum 100 words) > Frank Parsons, the “father of vocational guidance”, is credited with forming the foundations of the Trait- Factor Theory during the early 20th century. E.G. Williamson from the University of Minnesota is credited with further developing “Trait-Factor Theory”. The Trait-and-Factor Theory focuses on identifying an individual’s characteristics and factoring these traits into informed occupation decisions. Using trait-and-factory inventories will help to determine the strength of these traits and then help match the individual with the ideal situation. This theory can be used to help facilitate job opportunities based on an individual’s abilities. Key terms/vocabulary:  Traits, Characteristics, career guidance, person x environment, occupations, abilities, aptitudes Key Theorist(s): >Frank Parsons > E.G. Williamson Theory(ies) that led to this theory:  Frank Parson’s basic framework of “matching men and jobs” in his book, Choosing a Vocation Theory(ies) that grew from this theory:  Holland’s Career Typology Theory (Holland, 1959)  Composite Theory of Career Development (Hoppock, 1976)  Theory of Work Adjustment (Dawis & Lofquist, 1984)  Cognitive Information Processing Approach (Peterson, Sampson, & Reardon, 1991)  Person X Environment (Chartrand, 1991)  Many current aptitude/personality tests (i.e. True Colors, General Aptitude Test Battery, etc.) From the perspective of this theory,  How does performance improvement occur?  An individual who understands themselves, their aptitudes, or abilities will improve performance.  How do we create opportunities for individuals (workforce novices, people overcoming barriers, and workforce incumbents)?  By identifying specific traits/aptitudes/abilities in individuals, the opportunity is created to match these individuals to ideal occupations/fields.  How do we prepare the nation’s workforce (to prevent labor shortages, to be world-class, and to make firms and regions competitive?  Once an individual understands themselves, they must understand the opportunities/disadvantages in the workforce. This will help to match the right individuals to the ideal occupation/field.  What are the implications for workforce education professionals?  Many aptitude/personality tests used in today’s workforce education are based in Trait-factor Theory and can be used to help find the ideal occupation/field for students! Names of group members: Heather Ward & Meghan Tanner Attach, if applicable, diagrams of the theoretical model. Theory Notes WF ED 560, Spring 2016 Indvidual Aptitudes Abilities Workfoce Advantages Disadvantages Informed Job Decisions Theory Notes WF ED 560, Spring 2016 Heather Ward & Meghan Tanner Trait-factor Theory & Career Typology Theory Bibliography Career Typology Theory Holland, J. L. (1996). Exploring careers with a typology: What we have learned and some new directions. American Psychologist, 51(4), 397. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezaccess.libraries.psu.edu/docview/1518291001?accountid=13 158 Holland, J. L. (1985).Making vocational choices: a theory of vocational personalities and work environments. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliff, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Holland, J. L. and Gottfredson, G. D. Using a Typology of Persons and Environments to Explain Careers: Some Extensions and Clarifications The Counseling Psychologist Fall 1976 6: 20-29, doi:10.1177/001100007600600306, Retrieved from http://tcp.sagepub.com.ezaccess.libraries.psu.edu/content/6/3/20 Holland, J., Johnston, J., & Asama, N. (1993). The Vocational Identity Scale: A diagnostic and treatment tool. Journal of Career Assessment, 1, 1-12. Retrieved from http://jca.sagepub.com.ezaccess.libraries.psu.edu/content/1/1/1.full.pdf+html Reardon, R. C., Lenz, J. G., Peterson, G. W., & Sampson, J. P., Jr. (2012). Career development and planning: A comprehensive approach (4th ed.). Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt Publishing. Chen, P. D., & Simpson, P. A. (2015). Does Personality Matter? Applying Holland's Typology to Analyze Students' Self-Selection into Science, Technology, engineering, and Mathematics Majors. Journal Of Higher Education, 86(5), 725-750. Lawrence K. Jones, Ph.D., NCC., The Career Key. (2015). Holland's Six Personality Types. Retrieved from https://www.careerkey.org/about/the-author-lawrence-k-jones- Theory Notes WF ED 560, Spring 2016 phd.htmlhttps://www.careerkey.org/choose-a-career/holland-personality- types.html#.VpqoRU2M3cs Lawrence K. Jones, Ph.D., NCC., The Career Key. (2015). Holland's Theory of Career Choice and You. Retrieved from https://www.careerkey.org/about/the-author-lawrence-k-jones- phd.htmlhttps://www.careerkey.org/choose-a-career/hollands-theory-of-career- choice.html#.VpqpLU2M3cs Sherman, B. Holland Code Presentation (8.2.13) [PDF document]. Retrieved from Slide Share Web site: http://www.slideshare.net/CareerAdvisor/holland-code-presentation-8213- copy?qid=44162a15-a965-4aae-a89e-82c75b12123e&v=default&b=&from_search=1 Open Source Psychometrics Project. (2008). Interactive version of the IIP RIASEC Markers Scales. Retrieved from http://personality-testing.info/tests/RIASEC/ New Hampshire Employment Security, Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau [PDF document]. Retrieved from https://cedars.lebanon.k12.pa.us/sandbox/groups/karlliedtka/wiki/340c3/attachments/2fae b/holland-code- sparks.pdf?sessionID=dd55bd2f80768ef6b8baa5bc0f28f6c9652d6ecdhttp://www.nhes.nh .gov/elmi McKay, D. R., (2015, March 2). The Holland Code: What is It and How Can You Use It to Choose a Career. Retrieved from http://careerplanning.about.com/od/selfassessment/a/holland-code.htm Wong, W. (2014, May 18). Holland’s Theory. [Video File]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GJr7h5TOd34 Govea, R. (2014, September 22). Holland Code Personality Types. [Video File]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QdQoMBujjxM Theory Notes WF ED 560, Spring 2016 Pope, Mark (2000). A Brief History of Career Counseling in the United States. The Career Development Quarterly, 48, 194-211. http://www.stemcareer.com/richfeller/pages/classes/2012FA/EDCO500Campus/Week%2 02/Documents/A%20Brief%20History%20of%20Career%20Counseling%20in%20US% 20Pope.pdf Trait-Factor Theory Betz, N. E., & Borgen, F. H. (2009). Comparative effectiveness of CAPA and FOCUS online: Career assessment systems with undecided college students. Journal of Career Assessment, 17(4), 351-366. doi:10.1177/1069072709334229 Betz, N., Fitzgerald, L., & Hill, R. (1989). Trait-factor theories: Traditional cornerstone of career theory. In M. Arthur, D. Hall, & B. Lawerence (Eds.), Handbook of career theory (pp. 26-40). Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. Brown, D. (2002). Career Choice and Development. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Brown, Steven D.; Lent, Robert W.; Lent, Robert W (2012). Career Development and Counseling : Putting Theory and Research to Work. Retrieved from http://www.eblib.com Chartrand, J. M. (1991). The evolution of trait-and-factor career counseling: A person X environment fit approach. Journal of Counseling and Development, 69, 518–524. Chartrand, J.M., & Bertok, R.L. (1993). Current trait factor career assessment: A cognitive- interactional perspective. Journal of Career Assessment, 1(4), 323-340. doi:10.1177/106907279300100401 Crites, J.O. (1974). Career counseling: A review of major approaches. The Counseling Psychologist IV (No. 3): 3-23.