The Transformations of Europe: Religion - Martin Luther, John Calvin, and the Reformation , Study notes of World History

Download The Transformations of Europe: Religion - Martin Luther, John Calvin, and the Reformation and more Study notes World History in PDF only on Docsity! February 8, 2011 History Notes – The Transformations of Europe - Religion Chronology  1478: Beginning of the Spanish Inquisition  1483-1546: The Life of Martin Luther  1491-1556: St. Ignatius of Loyola  1509-1564: Life of John Calvin  1517: Publication of the Ninety-Five Theses against Indulgences  1540: Foundation of the Society of Jesus  1543-1563: Council of Trent  1618-1648: Thirty Years’ War  1648: Peace of Westphalia Quiz Example  Potosi-Spain: City in Bolivia with a silver mine. Potosi was a key area for the Spanish to obtain silver which they then shipped to Europe where it eventually ended up in China. Silver was also an integral material used to purchase slaves. Questions  What were the main problems Martin Luther had with the Roman Catholic Church? How did John Calvin interpret Luther’s Doctrine? What was the importance of the Printing Press? Who was Martin Luther  Martin Luther: son of a miner, born in Germany, on a track to become a lawyer. 1505: had a profound personal experience during a thunderstorm – God was a very angry God – begins to question how and why God was so angry. Quits his law career and becomes a friar – devotes himself to the word of Paul.  Justification: The process by which a person is freed from the penalty of his or her sin and is accepted by God as worth being saved.  Indulgences: A type of pardon that excused individuals from doing penance for their sins. Available since the 11th century.  Some people in the Church decided that they would sell indulgences and use the money to renovate St. Peter’s Basilica  1517 – Martin Luther wrote the 95 Theses. Reformation Issues  Bible in the Vernacular  Interpretation: Priesthood of all believers – anyone could read the Bible and understand it.  Justification by faith alone