transformational generative grammar, Slides of Linguistics

Download transformational generative grammar and more Slides Linguistics in PDF only on Docsity! welcome transformational generative grammar By group 2 • Firdaus Asas • Hanri Anggariawan • Ayu Aprilianti • Yuni Ningtyas overview Definition of TGG Difference bet. TG and TGG Deep Structure and Surface Structure Transformation Types of Transformation Ways of Analyzing the Transformation Result of TGG Definition of transformational generative grammar • Transformational grammar or transformational-generative grammar (TG, TGG) is a generative grammar, especially of a natural language, that involves the use of defined operations called transformations to produce new sentences from existing ones. (Wikipedia) • Generative Grammar is defined as a description in the form of a set of rules for producing the grammatical sentence of a language. (merriam- webster.com) • Transformational generative grammar is a set of grammar rules that are used when basic clauses are combined to form more complex sentences. (yourdictionary.com) • Transformational grammar is a set of rules that indicates the structure and interpretation of sentences which native speakers of a language accept as belonging to the language. (about.com) difference between tg and tgg • Traditional grammar is based on the descriptive grammar used to teach Latin for centuries while generative grammar was conceived as a way of describing language structures. • Based on the definitions I could actually understand, it looks like TG focuses on building language from small parts (subject, verb, etc.) while TGG focuses on “linguistic transformations and phrase structures.” (tri.du) TG : Prescriptive It prescribes how people ‘should’ produce language. TGG : Descriptive It describes the ‘ORDER’ in which to put words and phrases. prescribes how people ‘should’ produce language. John read the book The book was read by John. George saw Mary -”Who did George see?” -”Who saw Mary?” WH-Movement transformation (cont.) types of transformation Subject-verb inversion < Subject-operator inversion subject-verb inversion •Best of all would be to get a job in Willingham. •On long wall hung a row of van Goghs. •There is the dog. •Down came the rain. •There’s your sister. •To get a job in Willingham would be best of all •A row of van Goghs hung On long wall •The dog is there. •The rain came down. •Your sister’s there. Syntactic and semantic • If you are asked a question and you do not know what the answer is, you’d probably say … Saya tidak tahu Tidak tahu saya Tidak tahu Tau deh Syntactic Syntactic and semantic (cont.) • If you are asked by your wife to select her a gown, red or blue, you do not like the red one because it is too eyecatching,… “Kayaknya warna merah terlalu nge- jreng.” Semantic “Biru, kamu terlihat lebih anggun, Sayang.” Result of tgg Paraphrase When several surface structures relate to one deep structure. 1. John bought the book from Mary. 2. Mary sold the book to John. 3. The book was sold to John by Mary. Ambiguity One surface structure relate to several deep structures. Flying planes can be dangerous. 1. To fly planes. 2. Planes which are flying.