Unit 3 : Fundamentals of Public Speaking, Slides of English

Download Unit 3 : Fundamentals of Public Speaking and more Slides English in PDF only on Docsity! Unit III: Fundamentals of Public Speaking Lesson 1: Principles of Speech Writing Lesson 2: Principles of Speech Delivery Dee The Speech Writing Process _ Just like events planning, or any other activities, writing an effective speech follows certain steps or processes. The process for writing is not chronological or linear; rather, it is recursive. That means you have the opportunity to repeat a writing procedure indefinitely, or produce multiple drafts first before you can settle on the right one. Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram. Conducting an audience analysis Determining the purpose of the speech Selecting a topic Narrowing down a topic Gathering data Editing and/or Revising Selecting a speech pattern Rehearsing Preparing an outline Creating the body of the speech Preparing the introduction Preparing the conclusion Fia. 1. Sneech Writing Process The topic is your focal point of your speech, which can be determued once you have decided on your purpose, Ir you are free to decide on a top, choose one that really interests you. There are a variety of strategies used in selecting a top, such a§ using your personal experiences, discussing with your famuly members or friends, tree writing, listing, asking questions, o semantic webbing Narrowing down a topic means making your main idea more spect and focused, The sates in selecting atopic can also be used wen you narow dow atop Inthe example below, ‘Defining and developing efiecive money management sks of Grade I dent's the spect topte out ofa general one, uch s “itetve money management  | + Data gathering is the stage where you collect idess, information, sources, and references relevant or related to your specific topie. This can be done by visiting the library, browsing the web, observing a certain phenomenon or event related to your topic, or conducting an interview or survey, The data that you will gather will be very useful in making your speech informative, entertaining, or persuasive \\ LESSON 2 : Principles of Speech Delivery Insights on Public Speaking “A good delivery means that you are capable and able to present your message in a clear, coherent, and interesting way. Good delivery…conveys the speaker’s ideas clearly, interestingly, and without distracting the audience. Most audiences prefer delivery that combines a certain degree of formality with the best attributes of good conversation— directness, spontaneity, animation, vocal and facial expressiveness, and a lively sense of communication. Stephen Lu as (2011),The Art of Public Speaking Types of Speech According to Purpose Informative speech provides the audience with a clear understanding of a concept or idea. The lectures of your teachers are the best examples of this type. Entertainment speech amuses the audience. The humorous speeches of comedians and performers are the best examples of this type. Persuasive speech seeks to provide the audience with favorable or acceptable ideas that can influence their own ideas and decisions. The campaign speeches of the running candidates for government posts are the best examples of this type. Memorized Speaking with advanced preparation Planned and rehearsed speech Reciting a written message word-for-word from memory When you perform in a stage play When you deliver a declamation, oratorical, or literary piece When an actor or actress in a scene performs a script from memory Exact repetition of the written words from memory Free to move around the stage Speakers might end up speaking in a monotone pattern. Alternatively, he/she might take a fast pace. When the speaker cannot control his/her stage fright, he/she might have difficulty remembering his/her memorized speech. Rehearse the speech over and over again until you sound natural and feel confident. Observe how actors/actresses perform their script in a theater, television, or movie scenes. Extemporaneous Speaking with limited preparation Guided by notes or outline Delivered conversationally Most popular type When you are a candidate for a post in a student government and you deliver your campaign speech before a voting public When you are assigned to report a topic in class Helps you look confident Engages the audience May not have adequate time to plan, organize, and rehearse Create an outline Organize your points logically (most important to least important or vice versa) Use facts and real-life experiences as your examples Manage your time well Rehearse, rehearse, rehearse Impromptu Speaking without advanced preparation Unrehearsed speech Spoken conversationally In an event where you are asked to say a few words First day at work or in class, or during an interview - Spontaneous or natural speaking More focused and brief . Tendency to be disorganized Lacks connection with the audience Nerve-racking for inexperienced speakers and beginners . Once you are requested to say something, pause for a moment to plan in your head what to say. State your main point briefly and deliver it at a pace your audience can follow. End by saying thank you. 3. Speaking in different venues Description :Speaking venues that vary according to size: classroom, meeting or conference room, ball room, social hall, auditorium, covered court, open court, etc. Advantages : You will be exposed to different venues, which will add to your public speaking experience. Disadvantages :You will have to make big adjustments in terms of your nonverbal cues: volume of voice, body language, facial expression, etc. Tips : Check the venue days before your scheduled speech and arrive hours earlier in the venue, so you can determine the adjustments to make. For a large venue, speak more slowly, use pauses frequently to highlight the most important ideas of your speech, and make use of facial expressions and gestures. When you use visual aids, make them more visible. In a small venue, your audience will see you up close. Therefore, manage your notes well when you use them and adjust your nonverbal cues as necessary. Practice, practice, practice. 4. Speaking with a microphone Description : Its main function is to increase the volume of your voice, not to clarify the pronunciation and enunciation of words. Advantages :With a microphone, you can easily get the attention of your audience because of the loudness of your voice. Disadvantages :Using a microphone can be challenging because there is a tendency to underuse or overuse it. Tips Stand straight, as good posture exudes confidence. Avoid gripping the edges of the podium with both hands. Aside from this, also avoid hiding them behind the podium. For extemporaneous and impromptu speakers, step to the side occasionally once you have composed yourself, so you can effectively use your gestures, make eye contact, and connect more with your audience. Practice, practice, practice. Tools for Effective Speech Delivery To be effective in your delivery, watch and emulate people who speak in public excellently. While observing, take note of the following: How they approach their audience (formal, informal, personal, conversational, intimate, among others) How they connect with their audience (using eye contact, body movements, and facial expressions) Tools for Effective Speech Delivery How they present themselves (stage presence: how they look, stand, walk, use nonverbal cues, act on and off the stage) How they use their voice in terms of volume (loudness or softness), pitch (highness or lowness), rate or speed, pauses to show emphasis and strengthen the clarity of the message, vocal variety (effective changes in volume, pitch, rate and pauses), and pronunciation.