Urban Disorder Crime Deviance and Social Control - Sociology of the City - Lecture Slides, Slides of Sociology

Download Urban Disorder Crime Deviance and Social Control - Sociology of the City - Lecture Slides and more Slides Sociology in PDF only on Docsity! Sociology of the City Urban Disorder, Crime, Deviance and Social Control docsity.com ‘The Dangerous Classes’ • Deviance and Crime in the Urbanising City: • Segregation • Religion, Temperance & ‘Rational Recreation’ (Bailey, 1978) docsity.com Strain Theory • Strain Theory (Merton, 1938): revision of Durkheim’s ‘anomie’ – not simply due to rapid social change, but ‘strain’ generated by disjuncture between common societal goals and differential structurally defined means of achieving them • Structural & Individual Strain • Merton & Social Adaptation • 1) Conformity – majority, reasonable attainment of goals • 2) Innovation - Crime - achieve goals by deviant means • 3) Ritualism – lowered goals rigidly adhered to • 4) Retreatism – outcasts, drug addicts, pariahs • 5) Rebellion – revolutionary or cultish groups docsity.com Strain ‘Theories’: Revisions of Merton’s Model • Status Frustration (Cohen,1955) • Differential Opportunity (Cloward & Ohlin, 1960) • Emotional Strain (Agnew, 1992) • ‘American Dream’ (Messner & Rosenfeld, 1994) docsity.com Opportunity & Insecurity • Roots of urban social distress and conflict • ‘Social inequality of capitalism and the social disorganisation of modernity are symbiotic’ (Savage et. 2003 p. 201) • ‘Many so-called urban problems arise precisely because of the simultaneity of opportunity and insecurity’ (Savage et al, 2003 p. 203) docsity.com The New ‘Dangerous’ Classes? • ‘Chavs’ • Uncivilised Teens • Asbo’s • ‘Moral Panic’ • UK teens ‘Worst in Europe’ – IPPR 2006 docsity.com Social Control, Law & Order • Policing – An Urban Development -1742 ‘Bow Street Runners’ • Police Forces cc mid 18th C. - Present • Penal Society? • US: 726 people per 100,000 • UK: 142 • China: 118 • France: 91 • Japan: 58 • Nigeria: 31 • (Source: Justice Policy Institute, 2005) docsity.com Social Control & Surveillance Society • Mass media and ‘Governmentality’ • Anonymity of the city compromised by electronic technology? • The Surveillance Society (Lyon, 2001) • ‘A Report on the Surveillance Society’ (Surveillance Studies Network, 2006) docsity.com