UWA ANHB 1101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 The University of Western Australia, Exams of Human Biology

Download UWA ANHB 1101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 The University of Western Australia and more Exams Human Biology in PDF only on Docsity! UWA ANHB 1101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 The University of Western Australia A gene which codes for a single functional product is termed a ______ - ANS_ Structural gene In the genetic code, codons which do not code for an amino acid are called _______ - ANS_ Stop codons The number of amino acids that occur in natural proteins - ANS_ 20 The enzyme which begins the process of DNA replication. - ANS_ DNA Helicase When 10 - 20 ribosomes are all attached to and reading a strand of mRNA the resultant unit is called a _____. - ANS_ Polyribosome A base triplet is a sequence of 3 nucleotide bases on ______. - ANS_ DNA Period during prophase 1 where homologous chromosomes pair up for possible crossing over. - ANS_ Synapsis When an allele affects two or more traits. - ANS_ Pleiotropy Cardiac Muscle - ANS_ - Striated - Not able to divide - Branch at ends - Cells are connected by intercalated disks - Effect of a gene varies between individuals. - ANS_ Variable expression Trait is expressed in each person who carries the responsible allele - ANS_ Penetrance The effect of a gene depends upon the environment. - ANS_ Genotype-environment interaction Idea that different genes can have the same effect - ANS_ Genetic Heterogeneity Hypertonic - ANS_ Concentration of solutes is greater outside the cell than inside it Hypotonic - ANS_ Concentrations of solutes is greater inside the cell than outside it Turner Syndrome - ANS_ 45, X Short stature Webbed skin on neck Sterile *Main cause of unexpected abortions Klinefelter Syndrome - ANS_ 47, XXY Peripheral Proteins - ANS_ Only found on one or the other surface of the membrane Integral Proteins - ANS_ Go through entire cell membrane Responsible for steroid synthesis and cholesterol synthesis. - ANS_ Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Site of lipid metabolism - ANS_ Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Water proof epithelia found where urine is stored and transported. Also has rounded surface cells and multiple layers which can slide over each other when stretched - ANS_ Transitional Common origin of Connective Tissue - ANS_ Mesenchyme Loose connective tissue responsible for binding body parts together while still allowing movement. All 3 fibers distributed evenly. - ANS_ Areolar Loose connective tissue with predominantly reticular fibers forming a meshwork like a sponge in which the cells of the particular organ will fill. Widely seperated cells - ANS_ Reticular Dense connective tissue with predominantly collagen fibers which run in the same direction. - ANS_ Regular Dense connective tissue with predominantly collagen fibers which run in tall different directions. - ANS_ Irregular Firm cartilage that covers articulating surfaces, larynx, rings of trachea and growth plates. - ANS_ Hyaline Cartilage in the epiglottis and pinna of the ear - ANS_ Elastic Cartilage found between the vertebrae. - ANS_ Fibrocartilage Can be treated through drugs which inhibit osteoclasts - ANS_ Osteoporosis Tiny canals between the lacunae of bones - ANS_ Canaliculi Main fiber of dermis. - ANS_ Collagen Where the touch receptors are situated in the skin. - ANS_ Between epidermis and dermis Where the pressure receptors are situated in the skin. - ANS_ Deep down in dermis Main connective tissue of Hypodermis - ANS_ Areolar Allows skin and underlying muscles to move independently - ANS_ Hypodermis These glands secrete oily substances and associate with hair follicles - ANS_ Sebaceous Glands How long it takes for the testes to descend in fetal life - ANS_ 28 weeks Name given when testes don't descend - ANS_ Cryptorchidism Where leydig cells are located in the seminiferous tubules - ANS_ Interstitial space Nourish and guide the nourishment of sperm - ANS_ Sertoli cells Have triangular nuclei - ANS_ Sertoli cells Secrete a neutralising alkaline fluid which is 5% of seminal fluid - ANS_ Bulbourethral Glands Secrete a fluid which consists of clotting proteins and prostoglandins and makes up 65% of seminal fluid - ANS_ Seminal Vesicles Secretes liquefying enzymes to declot sperm once in tract and makes up 30% of seminal fluid - ANS_ Prostate Gland Large hormones which have difficulty crossing membranes. Include oxytocin, FSH, LH, inhibin - ANS_ Peptides Lipid based hormones which can easily cross membranes and all originate from cholestrol. Include testosterone, estradiol, progesterone - ANS_ Steroids Hormones derived from fatty acids and include prostoglandins. - ANS_ Eicosanoids When the primary oocyte completes meiosis I. - ANS_ Just before ovulation When the secondary oocyte completes meiosis II. - ANS_ Fertilisation