Kin Altruism and Inclusive Fitness Theory: Evolution of Selfless Behavior, Quizzes of Psychology

Download Kin Altruism and Inclusive Fitness Theory: Evolution of Selfless Behavior and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Kin Group Altruism: The Original Bias DEFINITION 1 Primates more likely to support kin in conflicts Parents more likely to support own children Preferences can be costly. Why do they persist? TERM 2 Natural Selection DEFINITION 2 Those with traits helpful to their own survival and reproduction will leave more offspring than others, thus becoming predominant over generations TERM 3 Altruism DEFINITION 3 Acting in a way that benefits another at a costto oneself. TERM 4 Classical Model DEFINITION 4 Classic model of rational self interest: c < b c = cost to the actor b = benefit to the actor TERM 5 Classical Fitness DEFINITION 5 a traits effect on individual reproductive successEx: Non Social traits TERM 6 Inclusive Fitness Theory: Social Traits DEFINITION 6 Altruism can evolve via natural selection if caused by gene that leads to the replication of itself Altruism gene can replicate and spread using vehicles other than ones own In order to spread, gene must make it more likely that the carriers its copies survive and reproduce TERM 7 Inclusive Fitness Theory (2) DEFINITION 7 Altruism gene benefits as a function of r r = the probability that the recipient of altruism also is a vehicle of the gene For mothers and offspring asexually reproducing species r =1 sexually reproducing species, r = .50 Explanation: If you are altruistic and show another person your sense of altruism (being nice-selflessly) then they are likely to produce offspring with altruistic traits (genes). TERM 8 Hamilton Rule DEFINITION 8 c < rb (when Hamilton's Rule is not satisfied) c = cost to the actor r = prob. that recipient shares gene (orcoefficient of relatedness) b = benefit to the recipient H-rule states that altruistic behavior may evolve when the cost to the actor (c) is less than the benefit to the recipient (b), scaled to the coefficient of relatedness (r) Differs from classical notion of self interest, since b can be embodied in other individuals in the population TERM 9 Inclusive Fitness Theory: Being choosy about recipients DEFINITION 9 When r is high altruism gene spreads rapidly If r is low, altruism gene spreads slowly and may go extinct Thus, discriminating between those for whom r is high or low is crucial TERM 10 Coefficients of relatedness (r) DEFINITION 10 Self= 1Sibling= .50Parent=.50Grandparent= .25Aunt/Uncle= .25Nephew/Niece= .25Cousin= .125