Term 1: Naturalistic Observation, Research Methods, and Statistical Analysis in Psychology, Quizzes of Psychology

Download Term 1: Naturalistic Observation, Research Methods, and Statistical Analysis in Psychology and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Naturalistic Observation & Reactivity DEFINITION 1 1) When behavior is allowed to unfold naturally w/o interference in its natural environment. 2) Reactivity occurs when a subject's behavior is altered by the presence of an observer. TERM 2 Naturalistic Observation DEFINITION 2 Naturalistic observation is a method of observation, commonly used by psychologists, behavioral scientists and social scientists, that involves observing subjects in their natural habitats w/o intervening directly with the subjects. TERM 3 Descriptive/Correlational Research Methods DEFINITION 3 Naturalistic observation, case studies, and surveys. TERM 4 Confounding of Variables DEFINITION 4 Occurs when 2 variables are linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects. TERM 5 Extraneous Variable DEFINITION 5 Extraneous variables are variables other than the independent variable that may bear any effect on the behavior of the subject being studied. TERM 6 Experimental vs. Control Group DEFINITION 6 1) Consists of the subjects who receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable. 2) Consists of similar subjects who do not receive the special treatment given to the experimental group. TERM 7 Dependent Variable DEFINITION 7 The variable that is thought to be affected by manipulation of the independent variable. TERM 8 Independent Variable DEFINITION 8 A condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to see its impact on another variable. TERM 9 Research Methods DEFINITION 9 Consists of various approaches to the observation, measurement, manipulation, and control of variables in empirical studies. TERM 10 Advantages of the Scientific Approach (2) DEFINITION 10 1) Clarity and precision. These features enhance communication about important ideas. 2) Relative intolerance of error.