Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers, Exams of Nursing

Download Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Phylloxera Vastatrix - history's greatest viticultural disaster. It attacks Vitis Vinifera species and kills the plan. A type of louse - Phylloxera Graft Vinifera - The only method of preventing Phylloxera is to _______ onto American (Vitis Labrusca) hearty disease resistant root-stock. Grape is the perfect fruit for wine making because: - 1) Tannin from skins, seeds, and stems 2) Yeast in the form of waxy layer on skins 3) Sugar when pressed Four Categories of Wine - - Table Wine: Still - Sparkling: Bubbles - Dessert + Fortified - Flavored: Vermouth Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Temperature Wine Belt - Where grapes grow between 30 degrees and 50 degrees North and South of the equator Light & Rocky Soils - Conditions that help vines thrive Tropical Climates - Not suitable for fine wine grape growing Terroir - French term used in wine world. It is the combination of grape variety, soil, climate, vineyard characteristics that all together produce a wine of a particular unique character. Veraison - when the grape bunch taking on color, becoming ripe before harvest. Ripening from green to gold (white) or purple (red). Sugar, Acidity - Grapes are harvested when _______ and _______ are at optimal levels. Sugar + Yeast = Alcohol = CO2 + Heat - Formula for Fermentation Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Appellation - The area of origin of the grapes Vitis Vinifera - the species of grape most commonly used to produce wine. Sulfur - can be added as a preservative and anti-oxidant to improve shelf-life of a wine Old World - Regions in Europe Order in Evaluating Wine: - See, Swirl, Smell, & Sip Smell - the most important part in the wine evaluation process Legs or tearing on glass - signs of alcohol Frost - Method Used to Combat: use of wind machines & heat from fire pots Heat Stress - Method Used to Combat: Canopy Management Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Drought - Method Used to Combat: Irrigate (Drop or Overhead) Birds - Method Used to Combat: Netting Animals - Method Used to Combat: Sound & Netting Fungus - Method Used to Combat: Vines sprayed with anti-fungal powders More - Oak barrels used in aging wine add flavor and complexity to a wine. Smaller oak imparts _______ flavor. Vanilla, Smokey, Caramel, Woody, etc. - Some flavors that come from barrel aging Organic Viticulture - growing grapes without the use of man-made substances. No chemicals whatsoever. Rare - Certified organic growing is _____, less than 2% of growers do so organically. Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Sustainable Viticulture - They do all the things to take care of the land but can use pesticides if needed. More prevalent. Cork - Comes from Portuguese oak trees. It is natural and renewable. Oxygen - Cork allows some _______ exchange. Screw Caps - Best used for young wines Food & Wine Pairing Methods: - - Complement - Contrast - Echo Bordeaux Region - - 88% red wines - Large Growing Region - ALL wines are blends (by law) Red Grapes in Bordeaux - - Cabernet Sauvignon Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Burgundy: Wine Style - - Elegant Complex Whites - Elegant Silky Reds Noble Varietal Origins - 8 (of 12) Originated in France France Names Wine by - Geographic Region French Classification System - - Vin de Table (17%) - Vin de Pays (34%) - Appellation D'Origine Controlle (48%) A.O.C. Regulates - 1. Which Grapes can be Grown in Which Region 2. Minimal Level of Sugar 3. Amount of Grapes at Harvest 4. Methods in Vineyard and in Winery 5. Bottled in Same Region as the Appellation Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Grand Cru - - Highest Classification of French Wine within AOC Classification System - Most Restrictions - Most Expensive Districts in Burgundy - - Chablis - Cote D'Or - Cote Chalonnaise - Maconnais - Beaujolais Red and White Grape Varietals in Burgundy - - Red: Pinot Noir, Gamay - White: Chardonnay Chablis Varietal - 100% Chardonnay Cote D'Or: 2 Parts and Varietals - - Cote de Nuits: Pinto Noir - Cote de Beaune: Chardonnay Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Maconnais Varietal - 85% Chardonnay Beaujolais Varietal - Gamay Carbonic Maceration (Gamay) - Not crushed but instead fermented and burtsts Burgundy Classification - Classified by Ranking of Land and Where Grapes Grow on the Slope Champagne Region - - Northern Most Region - Solid, Chalky Soil Champagne Bubbles - Come from Secondary Fermentation that Occurs in the Bottle Harvest in Champagne is done by - Harvest is done by Hand First Pressing of Juice - La Cuvee Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Alsace Label - Only Region with Varietal on Label Wine in Alsace - - 90% White - Labeled by Varietal - Mostly German Origin Varietals Vendage Tardives - - Late Harvest - 3 Weeks after Normal Harvest Period Provence - - Influenced by Mediterranean - Known for Rose Italy Grows (# Varietals) - Over 440 Grape Varietals Italy's Shape - That Moderates Temperatures of Wine Region - - Appennino Mountains Running Down Spine - Long, Long Coastline Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Number of Growing Regions in Italy - 20 Growing Regions Laws of Wines in Italy - 1. Which Varietals Can Be Grown 2. Yield and Allowable Pruning Methods 3. Minimum Alcohol Levels 4. Acidity Levels 5. Aging Requirements % of Italian Wines at the Highest DOCG Status - - 18% Wines - Less than France % of French Wines at the Highest AOC Status - - 47% Wines - More than Italy Italian Classification - - VdT: Vino da Tavola - IGT: Indicazione Geographica Tipica (also IGP: Protected) - DOC: Denominazione di Origine Controllata - DOCG: Denominazione di Origine Controllata Garantita (guaranteed) Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Ways to Name DOC and DOCG Wines - 1. Geographic Region 2. Region + Grape - Sometimes Color and Geographic Region Classico - From Historic Classic Zone Within Region Riserva - Indicates Additional Aging Superiore - Slight Increase in Minimum Alcohol Levels Due to Better Quality of Grapes Secco - Dry Amabile - Sweet Appassimento - Grapes are laid on Bamboo Mats to Dry Amarone - - Style of Wine Made in Valpolicella (Veneto) Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Super Tuscan Category - Created the IGT Level of Quality IGT Level of Quality - Allows Non-Traditional Grapes and Aging Vessels to be Used to Make Modern Style Wines of Significance from Tuscany Grows Cork (not Portugal) - Spain Grows It Potential Problem(s) with Cork - May have Cork Taint Loses Color with Age - Red Wine (_____ Color with Age) Retains More Color with Age - White Wine (_____ Color with Age) Sur-Lie Aging - Aging on Dead Yeast Cells Maloactic Fermentation - - Hard Acid to Softer Acid - Often in Reds (90%) - Sometimes in Whites Wine Appreciation Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Glera - Grape that Perseco is Made With 95% of Champaign is - (__% Champagne is...) - Brut - Non-Vintage