Multiagent Systems: Working Together and Cooperative Problem Solving, Study notes of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Download Multiagent Systems: Working Together and Cooperative Problem Solving and more Study notes Electrical and Electronics Engineering in PDF only on Docsity! LE C T U R E 9: W O R K IN G TO G E T H E R A n Introduction to M ultiagentS ystem s h t t p : / / w w w . c s c . l i v . a c . u k / ˜ m j w / p u b s / i m a s / Lecture 9 A n Introduction to M ultiagentS ystem s 1 W orking Together W hy and how to agents w ork together? Im portantto m ake a distinction betw een: – benevolentagents and – self-interested agents. h t t p : / / w w w . c s c . l i v . a c . u k / ˜ m j w / p u b s / i m a s / 1 Lecture 9 A n Introduction to M ultiagentS ystem s 2 Task S haring and R esultS haring Tw o m ain m odes ofcooperative problem solving: – task sharing: com ponents ofa task are distributed to com ponentagents; – resultsharing: inform ation (partialresults etc) is distributed. h t t p : / / w w w . c s c . l i v . a c . u k / ˜ m j w / p u b s / i m a s / 4 Lecture 9 A n Introduction to M ultiagentS ystem s 3 T he C ontractN et W ellknow n task-sharing protocolfor task allocation is contract net : 1. R ecognition; 2. A nnouncem ent; 3. B idding; 4. A w arding; 5. E xpediting. h t t p : / / w w w . c s c . l i v . a c . u k / ˜ m j w / p u b s / i m a s / 5 Lecture 9 A n Introduction to M ultiagentS ystem s I h a v e a p ro b le m ... A 1 A 2 A 3 A 4 (b ) T a sk a n n o u n c e m e n t (a ) R e c o g n isin g th e p ro b le m (c ) B id d in g (d ) A w a rd in g th e c o n tra c t h t t p : / / w w w . c s c . l i v . a c . u k / ˜ m j w / p u b s / i m a s / 6 Lecture 9 A n Introduction to M ultiagentS ystem s 3.3 B idding A gents thatreceive the announcem entdecide for them selves w hether they w ish to bid for the task. Factors: – agentm ustdecide w hether itis capable ofexpediting task; – agentm ustdeterm ine quality constraints & price inform ation (ifrelevant). Ifthey do choose to bid,then they subm ita tender. h t t p : / / w w w . c s c . l i v . a c . u k / ˜ m j w / p u b s / i m a s / 9 Lecture 9 A n Introduction to M ultiagentS ystem s 3.4 A w arding & E xpediting A gentthatsenttask announcem entm ustchoose betw een bids & decide w ho to “aw ard the contract” to. T he resultofthis process is com m unicated to agents that subm itted a bid. T he successfulcontractor then expedites the task. M ay involve generating further m anager-contractor relationships: sub-contracting. h t t p : / / w w w . c s c . l i v . a c . u k / ˜ m j w / p u b s / i m a s / 10 Lecture 9 A n Introduction to M ultiagentS ystem s 3.5 Issues for Im plem enting C ontractN et H ow to... – ... specify tasks? – ... specify quality ofservice? – ... selectbetw een com peting offers? – ... differentiate betw een offers based on m ultiple criteria? h t t p : / / w w w . c s c . l i v . a c . u k / ˜ m j w / p u b s / i m a s / 11