WWI- Lesson 6, Activity 3- Calculating War & Peace, Lecture notes of History

Download WWI- Lesson 6, Activity 3- Calculating War & Peace and more Lecture notes History in PDF only on Docsity! Calculating War and Peace Running the Numbers on War Directions: Run the numbers on the cost of total war by completing logic questions. 1. Based on population rates, the probability of being drafted into the United States Army in 1917 or 1918 for an American male via the Selective Service Act was very high. Distill vital dates, quantities and population numbers from the information provided. The Selective Service System was tasked with selecting men for induction into the military services, from initial registration to physically transporting and delivering men to military training camps across the Unites States where they prepared to travel to Europe with the American Expeditionary Forces. The decentralized registration system transmitted policy to the governors of 48 states, the District of Columbia and the territories of Alaska (1959 statehood), Hawaii (1959 statehood), and Puerto Rico to locally manage drafting men for military service in World War I. In total, the Selective Service System was made up of 48 states, 4 territories and 4,648 local county boards. The local boards were charged with registration of draftees, determining the order of serial numbers, classification, call-up (to active service) and entrainment of draftees. The boards took into consideration domestic manpower needs in war supporting industries including agriculture as well as issuing exemptions for certain draftee family situations. Conscription boards handled draft appeals, determined the medical and physical fitness of registrants, and determined the order in which draftees would be called and placed into training centers. There were three main registrations in World War I. The first, on 5 June 1917, was for all men between the ages of 21 and 31. The second, on 5 June 1918, registered all men who turned 21 after 5 June 1917. The third and final registration, on 12 September 1918, expanded the age range for all men between 18 through 45. The birth rate for males to females during World War I was approximately 1:1. The population of the United States of America in both 1917 and 1918 was 103.2 million. It was the only time in the last century that the average annual percentage rate dropped. Males between the ages of 18–45 constituted the majority of the population decrease. Please note that not all of the men who registered for the draft actually served in the military due to various exemptions and not all men who served in the military registered for the draft as the U.S. Army population at the time of America’s entry in WWI was 133,111. Two million soldiers eventually served in the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I. CALCULATING WAR AND PEACE 1 A. How many states were there in 1917/1918? How many territories? B. List the territories of the United States in 1917/1918. C. What year did Alaska and Hawaii become states? D. What was the total number of local county draft boards? E. What draft registration took place on 5 June 1917? F. Who was drafted during the second draft registration on 5 June 1918? G. When was the final draft registration? H. What age range did the final draft expand through? I. What was the population of the United States of America in 1917 and 1918? J. What was the birth rate for males to females during World War I? K. When was the only time in the last century that the U.S. population decreased? L. What gender/age range constituted the majority of the population decrease from 1917 to 1918? M. How many soldiers were in the existing U.S. Army at the time of America’s entry into WWI? N. How many soldiers served in the American Expeditionary Forces during WWI? CALCULATING WAR AND PEACE 2 3. Analyze troop movements of the American Expeditionary Forces from 1917 to 1918. Additional information available via the U.S. Army Center of Military History, World War I Era. A. How many officers were sent from America to Europe in 1917? B. How many enlisted soldiers were sent from America to Europe in 1917? C. How many officers were sent from America to Europe in 1918? D. How many enlisted soldiers were sent from America to Europe in 1918? E. What month in 1917 were the greatest number of nurses sent from America to Europe? F. What was the average monthly number of nurses sent from America to Europe in 1917? G. What was the average monthly number of nurses sent from America to Europe in 1918? H. What was the total number of troops sent from the U.S. to Europe in November 1918? I. What was the cumulative total of troops sent from the U.S. to Europe by December 1918? 
 CALCULATING WAR AND PEACE 5 U.S. Army 4. Graph and chart the casualty figures that the United States sustained in World War I from 1917–1918. Create one bar graph and one pie chart reflecting numbers provided: • Soldiers killed in action: 37,171 • Soldiers who died of wounds: 12,934 • Soldiers with nonmortal wounds: 193,602 • Total AEF battle casualties: 243,707 • Nonbattle deaths (mainly from influenza): 55,868 • Soldiers who served in the AEF: 2,057,239 CALCULATING WAR AND PEACE 6 5. Classify, categorize, and describe the equipment American soldiers were issued and their accoutrements. Label each photo and provide a brief description. Additional information available via the Smithsonian Institute of American History, The Price of Freedom: Americans at War, World War I collection search. 
 
 CALCULATING WAR AND PEACE 7 Armed Forces History, Division of History of Technology, National Museum of American History