Download young_miki_from_the_90s_survive_with_areata_alopecia and more Study notes Legal English in PDF only on Docsity! Young Miki from 90s Survive with Areata Alopecia: A Case Study. PART ONE: Review of the Genetic Case The patient throughout this case study does have Alopecia called Areata. The National Health Institute describes Alopecia areata as a condition that results in hair loss when the immune system destroys hair follicles. Where these parts of the skin that produce hair are called hair follicles. While alopecia areata can affect any body region, the head and face are most frequently affected. Causes and Manifestations of the Genetic Case According to doctors and experts, alopecia areata doesn't have one definitive cause. Researchers have offered that Genetics, Unbalanced Hormones, Adrenal Fatigue, Diet/Food/Lifestyle/Environment, and Stress can cause Alopecia Areata. ● Genetics: Both parents' genes contribute to Alopecia, a polygenic disorder. Patients are more vulnerable if there is a genetic predisposition to these other autoimmune diseases. ● Unbalanced hormones: High amounts of either testosterone or estrogen can lead to baldness in both men and women. Yet, while some women's Alopecia may be brought on by an oversensitivity to the androgens within birth control pills, it's noteworthy that some women say that Alopecia gets better during pregnancy. ● Adrenal fatigue: An inflammatory reaction causes Alopecia, an autoimmune disease. This adrenal dysfunction may impact the body's natural capacity to manage short-term and long-term stress. ● Food, lifestyle, and environment: Alopecia can be brought on by external causes and gut health in those susceptible to the illness. ● Stress is frequently regarded as the primary culprit producing Alopecia, whether internal such as diet-related inflammation, or external such as a tragedy or losing one's work. Disease Mechanisms and Pathway Proinflammatory signals, such as substance P and interferon-c, upregulate the expression of the complex of major histocompatibility class Ia within the hair follicle, causing alopecia areata in genetically susceptible people. Interferon (IFN) has been shown to be the most effective in vivo inducer of ectopic Major histocompatibility complex (MHC I expression within murine anagen hair bulbs. In genetically sensitive C3H/HeJ mice, systemic administration of IFN-c stimulated the growth of AA in conjunction with MHC class I and class II expression throughout the follicular epithelium. As activated T cells are the main generator of IFN-c, an immune system activation might occur before an immune privilege is lost (McElwee et al., n.d.). An autoimmune disease called Alopecia causes healthy hair follicles to be mistakenly attacked by the immune system. As a result, the follicles contract, slowing down and eventually stopping hair growth. This disruption in the hair-growing cycle results in an early transition from the anagen (growth) phase to that same telogen (resting) phase, blocking hair formation above the surface lasting months or even years. Alopecia can cause circular shape oval bald patches of varying proportions in both men and women. Occasionally the hair may grow back on its own without any medical intervention. In other situations, the patches would spread, and the patient would go through a prolonged rest period. These hair follicles are still functional throughout alopecia areata. This new hair can grow somehow at any time. Incidence Rate Locally 50% of Filipino men will have hair loss by the time they are 40, in accordance with the Philippine Council for Health Research and Development (PCHRD). Due to such hormone testosterone being transformed into a secondary chemical called DHT, this is the most prevalent kind of gradual hair loss in both men and women worldwide. In addition, the poll revealed that 20% of males felt less physically appealing to others whenever patchy baldness started to appear, and 15% of participants said that losing their hair directly caused them to lose confidence and self-esteem. Expert on hair loss Dr. Jun Bormante stated that although society regards and treats men with androgenic alopecia as a significant influence in how they view themselves, the illness is curable. Patients should seek medical care as soon as possible. Globally Worldwide, alopecia areata occurs. A lifetime risk of about 2% is associated with an estimated prevalence of about 1 in 1000 persons. Alopecia areata can affect anybody, including children and adults, and both sexes experience it at about the same rates. The average age at which alopecia areata was diagnosed in males and females in Olmsted County, Minnesota, between the years 1990 and the year 2009 was 32 years and 36 years, respectively. The incidence of AA throughout the course of a lifetime is about 2% globally. In none of the official population, studies was there a sex bias. Although it can happen at any age, the second and subsequent decades of life are when the first onset would be most frequent. A greater lifetime risk of severe illness is correlated with a younger age of
