Definicion de soldadura, Diapositivas de Calderas y Soldadura

¡Descarga Definicion de soldadura y más Diapositivas en PDF de Calderas y Soldadura solo en Docsity! IM 21649 Soldadura ESPOCH 2019 Unidad 5: Control de Calidad e Inspección de las Uniones Soldadas J. Villavicencio 1 1.Código ASME BPVC 2.Código AWS D1.1 3.Referencias J. Villavicencio Outline 2 Section II: Materials Specifications It is made of four parts: •Part A: Ferrous material •Part B: Nonferrous material •Part C: Welding rods, electrodes, filler Metals •Part D: Material properties J. Villavicencio 1. Código ASME 5 Section II: Materials Specifications • Provides material specifications to warranty safety of pressure equipment. • The specifications contain requirements for: ➢Chemical and mechanical properties ➢Heat treatment ➢Manufacture ➢Heat and product analyses ➢Methods of testing J. Villavicencio 1. Código ASME 6 Section III: Rules for Construction of Nuclear Facility Components This section provides general requirements for: • Material • Design • Fabrication • Examination • Testing and overpressure protection This section assures the structural integrity of vessels specified in different subsection. J. Villavicencio 1. Código ASME 7 Section V: Nondestructive Examination It contains requirements and methods for nondestructive examination. In addition, this section includes: • Manufacturer’s examination responsibilities • Duties of authorized inspectors • Requirements for qualification of personnel J. Villavicencio 1. Código ASME 10 Section VIII: Pressure Vessels This Section is made of 3 divisions: • Division 1 provides requirements applicable to the : ➢Design, ➢Fabrication (including welding, forging and brazing), ➢Inspection, ➢Testing, and ➢Certification of pressure vessels J. Villavicencio 1. Código ASME 11 J. Villavicencio 12 Section IX: Welding and Brazing Qualifications This Section contains rules regarding to the: •Qualification of welding and brazing procedures •Qualification and requalification of welders, brazers, and welding and brazing operators (the goal is to warranty that they will perform well) J. Villavicencio 1. Código ASME 15 Requisitos ASME - ART. 9 T-920 GENERAL T-921 Written Procedure Requirements T-921.1 Requirements. Visual examinations shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure, which shall, as a minimum, contain the requirements listed in Table T-921. The written procedure shall establish a single value, or range of values, for each requirement. T-930 EQUIPMENT Equipment used for visual examination techniques, for example, direct, remote, or translucent, shall have the capa- bilities as specified in the procedure. Capabilities include, but are not limited to viewing, magnifying, identifying, measuring, and/or recording observations in accordance with requirements of the referencing Code Section. 16 T-920 GENERAL T-921 WRITTEN PROCEDURE REQUIREMENTS T-921.1 Requirements. Visual examinations shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure, which shall, as a minimum, contain the requirements listed in Table T-921, The written procedure shall establish a sin- gle value, or range of values, for cach requirement. T-921.2 Procedure Qualification. When procedure qualification is specified by the referencing Code Section, achange of a requirement in Table T-921 identified as an essential variable shall require requalification of the writ- ten procedure by demonstration. A change of a require- ment identified as a nonessential variable does not require requalification of the written procedure. All changes of essential or nonessential variables from those specified within the written procedure shall require revi- sion of, or an addendum to, the written procedure. T-9213 Demonstration. The procedure shall contain or reference a report of what was used to demonstrate that the examination procedure was adequate. In general, a fine line Y in. (0.8 mm) or less in width, an artificial imperfection or a simulated condition, located on the sur- face or a similar surface to that to be examined, may be considered as a method for procedure demonstration. The condition or artificial imperfection should be in the least discernable location on the area surface to be exam- ined to validate the procedure. Table T-921 Requirements of a Visual Examination Procedure Requirement (as Applicable) Change in technique used Direct to or from translucent Direct to remote Remote visual aids Personnel performance requirements, when required Lighting intensity (decrease only) Configuracions to be examined and base material product forms (pipe, plate, forgings, etc.) Lighting equipment Methods or tools used for surface preparation Equipment or devices used for a direct technique Sequence ofexamination Personnel qualifications Essential Variable >> - tial Variable J. Villavicencio 17 Section X: Fiber-Reinforced Pressure Vessels This Section provides requirements for construction of FRP vessel. It includes production, processing, fabrication, inspection and testing methods. These vessels are not permitted to store, handle or process lethal fluids. J. Villavicencio 1. Código ASME 20 J. Villavicencio 21 http://www.ctd-materials.com/?page_id=50 Section XII: Transport Tanks This section provides requirements for construction and continued service of pressure vessels for transportation of dangerous good by: • Highway • Rail • Air • Water Pressure for these tanks could vary from vacuum to 3000 psig and volumes greater than 120 gallons. J. Villavicencio 1. Código ASME 22 Clause 1. General Requirements It provides basic Information about: • Scope: Fabrication and construction of welded steel structures. • Limitations: Only for carbon and low alloy steels 1/8 in (3 mm) or thicker and yield strength of 100 ksi [690 MPa] or less. • Key Definitions: Engineer, Contractor, Inspector, Owner, among others (in accordance with AWS A3.0 Standard Welding Terms and Definitions, Including Terms for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing, Soldering, Thermal Cutting and Thermal Spraying) • Major responsibilities: Engineer’s Responsibilities, Contractor’s Responsibilities, Inspector’s responsibilities and so on. J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 25 Clause 2. Design of Welded Connections It contains requirements for the design of welded connections (tubular or nontubular). This clause has been divided in 3 parts: A. Common Requirements for Design of Welded Connections. B. Specific Requirements for Design of Nontubular Connections (Statically or Cyclically Loaded) C. Specific Requirements for Design of Nontubular Connections (Cyclically Loaded) J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 26 Table 2.3 Allowable Stresses (see 2.6.4 and 2.16.1) Type of Applied Stress Allowable Stress Required Filler Metal Strength Level CJP Groove Welds Tension normal to the effective area? Same as base metal Matching filler metal shall be used? Compression normal to effective area | Same as base metal Filler metal with a strength level equal to or one classification (10 ksi [70 MPa]) less than matching filler metal may be used. Tension or compression parallel to Not a welded joint design consideration axis of the weld* Filler metal with a strength level Shear on effective area 0.30 x classification tensile strength of filler metal | £qual to or less than matching filler except shear on the base metal shall not exceed 0.40 x yield strength of the base metal metal may be used J. Villavicencio 27 2. Código AWS D1.1 Table 3.1 Table 3.1 (Continued) Base Metals tor Prequalified WPSs (see 3.3) Approved Base Metals tor Prequalified WPSs (see 3.3) G Steel Specification Requirements G Steel Specification Requirements ó Minimum Yield PotnúStrength Tensile Range o Minimum Yield Potn/Strength Tensile Range 5 Steel Specification tas MPa st MPa P Steel Specification hs MPa st MPa ASTMA36 (<3/4 1m [20 mmn]) 2 250 58-80 400-550 ASTM A36 (>3/4 in [20 mmn)) 26 58-80 400-550 ASTM A53 Grade B| 35 240 60 min. 415 min. ASTMAI31 Grades AH32, DH32, EH32 A6 315 64-85 440-590 ASTM A106 Grade B 35 240 60 min. 415 min. Grades AH36, DH36, EH36 51 355 71-90 490-620 ASTMAI31 Grades A, B, CS, D, DS, E EN] 235 58-75 400-520 ASTM A441 40-50 275-445 60-70 415-485 ASTMAI139 Grade B 35 240 60 min. 415 min. ASTMASOL Grade B| 5 345 TO min. 485 min. ASTM A381 Grade Y35 35 240 50 min. 415 min. ASTMASIG Grade 65 35 240 65-85 450-585 ASTM A500 Grade A 3 230 45 min. 310 min. Grade 70 38 260 70-90 485-620 Grade B| a 290 58 min. 400 min. ASTM A529 Grade 50 50 345 70-100 485-690 Grade C 46 315 62 min. 425 min. Grade 55 55 380 70-100 485-690 ASTM A501 Grade A % 250 58 min. 400 min. ASTM AS37 Class 1 45-50 310-345 65-90 450-620 ASTM A516 Grade 55 30 205 55-75 380-515 ASTM A572 Grade 42 42 290 60 min. 415 min. Grade 60 Es 220 60-80 415-550 Grade 50 50 345 65 min. 450 min. ASTM A524 Grade 1 35 240 60-85 415-586 Grade 55 55 380 70 min. 485 min. Grade 11 30 205 55-80 380-550 ASTM A588* (4 1m [100 men] and under 50 345 70 min. 485 min. ASTM AS573 Grade 65 35 240 65-17 450-530 ASTM A595 Grade A 55 380 65 min. 450 min. Grade 58 a 220 58-71 400-490 Grades B and € 410 70 min. 480 min. 1 ASTMATO9 Grade 36 (<3/4 in [20 mun)) 2% 250 58-80 400-550 ASTM AG06* 45-50 310-340 65 min. 450 min. ASTM Al008 SS Grade 30 30 205 45 min. 310 mán. ASTM A6I8 Grades lb, IL 111 46-50 315-345 65 min. 450 min. Grade 33 Type 1 3 230 48 min. 30 mán. n ASTMA633 Grade A 42 290 63-83 430-570 Grade 40 Tvoe 1 40 215 52 min. 260 min. Grades C, D 50 345 70-90 485-620 (2-1/2 tn [65 mn] and under) J. Villavicencio 32 2. Código AWS D1.1 Table 3.2 Filler Metals for Matching Strength to Table 3.1, Groups 1, ll, lll, and IV Metals—SMAW and SAW (see 3.3) SMAW SAW Base Metal AWS Electrode A5.1, A5.5%, A5.17, A5.23%, Group Specification Carbon Steel Low-Alloy Steel Carbon Steel Low-Alloy Steel EGOXX ETOXX-X F6XX-EXXX F7XX-EXXX-XX 1 AWS Electrode E7OXX F6XX-ECXXX F7XX-ECXXX-XX Classification F7XX-EXXX F7XX-ECXXX E7015 E7015-X F7XX-EXXX F7XX-EXXX-XX A AWS Electrode E7016 E7016-X F7XX-ECXXX F7XX-ECXXX-XX Classification E7018 E7018-X E7028 E8015-X N/A F8XX-EXXX-XX mn ne re qn N/A E8016-X F8XX-ECXXX-XX E8018-X E9015-X N/A F9XX-EXXX-XX ii AWS Electrode an E9016-X F9XX-ECXXX-XX Classification E9018-X E9018M J. Villavicencio 33 2. Código AWS D1.1 Table 3.2 (Continued) Filler Metals tor Matching Strength to Table 3.1, Groups | Metals—FCAW and GMAW Metal Cored (see 3.3) WELDING PROCESS(ES) Carbon Steel Carbon £: Low-Alloy Steel GMAW FCAW GMAW and FCAW GMAW and FCAW Base AWS A5.28%, A5.28, A5.367 Metal Electrode A5.18, Low-Alloy A5.20, Low-Alloy A5.36, Open Classification Group Specification Carbon Steel Steel Carbon Steel Steel Fixed Classification? See Note 8 for Annex U Electrode ETOC-XC ETOC-XXX ETXT-XC ETXTX-X E7XT-1C ETXTX-XAX-CS1 Classification E7OC-XM ETXT-XM EGXTX-XC ETXT-1M ETXTX-XAX-CS2 (Electrodes with (Electrodes with the EGXT-XM E7XT-5C ETXTX-XAX-CS3 the -GS suffix -2C, -2M, 3, -10, E7XTX-XC ETXT-5M shall be excluded) -13, -14, and -GS E7XTX-XM E7XT-9C suffix shall be E7XT-9M excluded and E7XT-12C electrodes with the E7XT-12M 11 suffix shall E7OTA be excluded for ETXT-6 thicknesses greater E7XT7 than 1/2 in [12 mm)) E7XT8 (Flux Cored Electrodes with the TIS, (Flux Cored Electrodes with the TIS, T3S, TIOS, TIAS, and -GS sufix shall T3S, TIOS, TIAS, and -GS suffix shall 1 be excluded and electrodes with the TI] be excluded and electrodes with the T11 suffix shall be excluded for thicknesses suffix shall be excluded for thicknesses greater than 1/2 1n [12 mm]) greater than 1/2 1n [12 mm) FCAW Low-Alloy Steel EGXTX-XAX-XXX ETXTX-XAX-XXX J. Villavicencio 34 3.6 Limitation of WPS variables J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 37 3.6 Limitation of WPS Variables J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 38 3.7 General WPS requirements J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 39 Annex M. Sample Welding Forms J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 42 Annex M. Sample Welding Forms J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 43 Annex M. Sample Welding Forms J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 44 Clause 4. Qualification •Part B: Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) Qualification J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 47 Clause 4. Production Welding Positions J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 48 Clause 6. Inspection J. Villavicencio 2. Código AWS D1.1 49