English Language complex history, Apuntes de Idioma Inglés

¡Descarga English Language complex history y más Apuntes en PDF de Idioma Inglés solo en Docsity! HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMPLEX From Old English to the present day History of the ELC -1 Old English (OE) (mid 5th c. - 11th. c.) 'First crossing' (migration/invasion) * Germanic tribes: Angles, Saxons, mainly, also possibility of Franks and Frisians (Jutes, now in doubt) * North Sea from north-western Europe, AD c. 450 * Ultimate result: merger > Old English (Anglo-Saxon) * English, fragmented, multiple norms, considerable variation * Multilingual setting, borrowing from Celtic languages. Possibility of bilingualism (no textual evidence) * Influence of Latin (Roman Empire, Roman Catholic Church) History of the ELC -4 Early Modern English (EME) (c. 1500 - 1700) * A new standard English emerged * Initially only written (Chancery English, later on developed) * Oral standard, later: 16th to 18th c. * Ideology of standardisation: once based on spoken (regional) dialects, later on the primordial entity from which other dialects deviate History of the ELC -5 * Modern English (ModE) (1500 onwards) * Exploration and colonisation: the period of spread * Internal colonisation: Wales, Scotland and (2nd time) Ireland. * Ireland (Irish English, aka Hiberno English) - 17th c.: new English migrations and economic control - ESL > language-shift English: gradually, from 18th c. on - An informal standard, with many substrate features * Wales - Imposition: begun in Norman period (12th c.), formalised by the Tudors (16th c.) - 19th c.: real spread of English with industrialisation and immigration of English speakers History of the ELC -6 ModE: internal colonisation (cont.) e Scotland - 7th c.: Northumbrian English taken up by the Anglo- Saxons > Scots (L1 variety), a national language - 1707: union with England. Scots reduced to a social and regional dialect of English (movements toward recognition and promotion of Scots as a separate language) - Scottish Highlands: English introduced in mid 18th c. as an L2. Gradually replaced Gaelic. Not very strongly related to (neighbouring) Scots, but more direct influence by books and imported schoolteachers