First Certificate exam, Guías, Proyectos, Investigaciones de Literatura inglesa

¡Descarga First Certificate exam y más Guías, Proyectos, Investigaciones en PDF de Literatura inglesa solo en Docsity! Test 1 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH (1 hour 15 minutes) Part 1 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, € or D) best tits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Mark your answers on the separate answer sheei. Example: 0 A have B do € gel D take z NE BotQiscD: q PA Why we need to play Human beings are not the only creatures that like to (0) ...fun. Many animals play, as do some birds. However, no other creatures spend so much time enjoying themselves as human beings do. indeed, we Den onto our sense of fun right into adulthood. So, is play just an opportunity for us to (3) ......... in enjoyable activities or does it have a more important Mec. ? According to scientisis, (5) ......... from being fun, play has several very real (6) ......... Tor us — it helps our physical, intellectual and social development. It also helps 10.(7) ......... us for what we have not yet experienced. With very (8) ......... risk, we can act out what we would do in unexpected, or even dangerous, situations. ra ai  hold searching engage motive excluding assets plan brief keep looking combine purpose except profits prepare short save seeking contribute intention apart services practise hnarrow Reading and Use of English stay gaining involve cause away benefits provide little  Test 1 Part 4 For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: D Avery friendly taxi driver drove us into town. DRIVEN We... The gap can he filled by the words 'were driven into town by) so you write: .... a very friendly taxi driver. Example: WERE DRIVEN INTO TOWN BY V Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. 25 They didn't sell many programmes at he match. FEW MAY cacocaccinoccocarcao at the maich last Saturday. 26 We gotto work late because we decided to drive rather than take ¡he train. INSTEAD We got to work late because we decided to 4rIYE ...ciiocionmrcciaeo ao Be train. 27 Last Friday was the first time my car ever broke down, even though it is very old. NEVER Until last Friday, my car ..... .. down, even though itis very old. 1). 3 7 1 Reading and Use of English 28 Ali your complaints will be investigated by my staff tomorrow; said ihe bank manager. LOOK The bank manager promised ihat his St ccoo AI OUT complaints the next day. 29 Last year the heavy rain caused the postponement of the tennis tournament. BECAUSE Last year the tennis tournament .......... so heavily. 30 Jack does not want to work for his uncle any longer. CARRY John does not want .............. armarse TOY his Uncle, 13  Part 5 You are going to read a magazine article about a famous pianist and the young student who became his pupil. For questions 31-38, choose the answer (A, B, € or D) which you think fits best according to the text. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Á musician and his pupil Paul Williams interviews the famous pianist Alfred Brendel, Over six decades the pianist Alired Brendel gradually built up and maintained a dominant position in the world of classical music. He was an intellectual, sometimes austere, figure who explored and recorded the mainstream European works for the piano, He wrote and played a great deal, but taught very little. Those who knew him best glimpsed a playful side lo his character, but that was seldom on display in his concerts. lt was a disciplined, never-ending cycle of study, travel and performance. And then, four or five years ago, a young boy, Kit Armstrong, appeared backstage at one of Brendel's concerts and asked for lessons. Initially, Brendel didn't take the suggestion very seriously, He had had very few pupils and he saw no reason to start now. He quotes from another famous pianist: You don't employ a mountain guide to teach a child how to walk.” But there was something that struck him about the young boy - then about 14. He listened to him play. Brendel explained, 'He played remarkably well and by heart. Then he brought me a CD of a little recital he had given where he played so beautifully that [ thought to myself, 'I have to make time for him.” lt was a perlormance that really led you from the first to the last note, l's very rare to (md any musician with this kind of overview'and the necessary subtlety.' As Brendel is bowing out of the public eye, so Kit is nudging his way into it — restrained by Brendel, ever nervous about the young man burning out early. Kit, now 19, is a resiless, impatient presence away from the lessons - always learning new - languages; taking himself off to study maths, writing computer code or playing tennis. All under the watchful eye of his ever-present mother. On top of 14 all this he composes. This was very important, Brendel says. If you want to learn to read music properly it is helped by the fact that you try to write something yourselí. Then 1 noticed that Kit had a phenomenal memory and that he was a phenomenal sight reader, But more than this is his ability to listen to his own playing, his sensitivity to sound and his ability to listen to me when [ try to explain something, He not only usually understands what T mean, but he can do it. And when 1 tell him one thing in a piece, he will do it everywhere in the piece where it comes in later? Brendel catches himselfand looks at me sevoroly, “Now don't want to raisc any expectations, Pm very cross jÍ some newspapers try to do this, There was one article which named him as the future great pianist of the 21% century, | mean, really, it's the worst thing. One doesn't say that in a newspaper. And it has done a great deal of harm. As usual, with gifted young players, he can play certain things amazingly weli, while others need more time and experience, lt would be harmful if a crilic was there expecting the greatest perfection.' It is touching to see the mellowness of Brendel in his post-performing years. He explains 'When 1 was very young, | didn't have the urge to be famous in five years' time, but I had the idea Í would like to have done certain things by the age of 50, And when T was 50, | thought that 1 had done most of those things, but there was still some lceway for more, so T went on. Although T do not have the physical power to play now, in my head, there are always things going on, all sorts of pieces that Tve never played. | don't play now but ¿Us a very nico new career.' tine sé E ¿  Reading and Use of English These provide the familiarity and consistency essential for the blind runner. Their support gave him extra confidence regarding his changing surroundings. Simon believes the feelings of liberation and independence he gets from ruming solo far outweigh any anxiety over such dangers. He began by training on foothall pitches behind his house, running between the goalposts. It gives him a great opportunity to run with everyone, That's not to say the learning curve has been without incident, As a result of this slow experimentation, he was able to memorise a set five-kilometre course, 17 Test 1 Part 7 You are going to read an article in which four graduates discuss going to university. For questions 43-52, choose from ihe graduates (A—D). The graduates may be chosen more than once. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheat, Whíich graduate says people should be allowed to consider a range of options apart cad from university? = says that some people are expected to make important decisions before they are ready? initially rejected something she was told? was unaware of the alternatives to university? says that the type of learning at university is different from that at AT other institutions? - felt when she was a student that she might not be doing ihe right course? says that some people discover that what is studied at university is not 149: useful in the workplace? ÓN was uncertain about her reasons for going to university? says graduates have an advantage when applying for jobs? was expected to go lo university despite being a fairly average student at school? 18  Reading and Use of English Why go to university? Four graduates talk about their experiences. While T was doing my physics degree people would often say | was acquiring skills Pd be able to use in my future career, even if I didn't become a physicist, lt sounded like nonsense to me: i£I did another job in the end, what could be relevant about knowing what's inside an atom or how to operate a laser? It turns out they were referring to the wealth ol other skills you pick up along the way. Communication and problem- solving are just two of these. In contrast to the way you may have been taught before, university teaches you to be innovative and to think for yourself. Going to university is abuut more than just studying though! [ got to make triends from all over the world and they have proved to be useful work contacts. T went to university because it was the career path expected by school, parents and classmates (to an extent) and also because I didr't really have a clue about what other options were open to me. It's difficult to know how things would haye turned out if I hadn't gone. I do know that the job | do “requires” a degree to doit, though there must be alternative ways of developing these skills, The degree, like it or not, is the screening method used by large numbers of employers and as such opens certain doors. It's certainly harder to get into all sorts of careers without a degree. The debates about university education typically revolve around routes into employment, yet for many the degree is barely relevant to the work we end up doing later on. lt gives access to a certain type of career but the actual degree can otten be of little practical value. There is a lot of pressure on teenagers to know exactly what they want to do with their lives. As a high-achieving student at school, the alternatives to university didn't really appeal to me, So [took up a place at a good university but ended up studying something [wasn't sure l was interested in. Some people know what they want to do from a young age, and for those people, going to university straight out of school may be a great idea. However, many of us are very unsure of our future ambitions aged 18, and should therefore be given as many choices as possible, rather than being pushed into a degree course. Many of my friends went to university straight from school. [| T don't really remember making the decision to go to university. Everyone always assumed ! would, even though I was never the most gifted academically. Someone asked me during my second year why I had gone, and | remember not being able to answer the question. Maybe it was the way | was raised? Maybe it was the school T went to? But university was the next step. l had a great time there, | must say. It's so much more than the place you go to get a degree. You learn so many life skills that I would urge anyone to.give the idea some thought. Since graduation Pve had a string of jobs. University is an excellent decision for some, and may provide the right qualifications to start a career. But for others, going straight into a job is just as appropriate.