¡Descarga Finite Clauses in English Grammar: Types and Functions y más Diapositivas en PDF de Gramática y Composición solo en Docsity! Lengua Inglesa 2 E Grammar Component Topic 3.2: Finite clauses (i) - simple finite clauses - finite clause with connector - fact clauses - wh nominal clauses 3.2 Types of Finite clauses There are 5 kinds of finite clauses: Q + Simple finite clause: llike ¡ce cream + Finite clause with connector: because l like ¡ce cream + Fact Clause (or that-clause): llike that he likes ice cream. that you are here. + Wh-clause: What l like about ¡ce cream ¡Ss ... + Relative clause: the man that likes ice cream 3.2.1 Simple finite clause + Has a Subject and Finite: I like ice cream Subject Hinite/Predicator Object + Finite and Subject can be reversed to make a question: Do you like ice cream? Finite Subject Predicator Object + Sometimes the Subject can be elided: ! like ice cream but hate vanilla Clause | [ Clause Subj FimPred Obj | | (Subi FinPred Obj Simple finite clause Normal function: + an independent clause (a sentence) » Llike Mary. » Do you like Mary? + part of a coordinated clause complex which is itself a sentence: + | like Mary and | see her often. + Llike Mary but | hate her brother. + | will climb Everest or | will die trying. 3.2.4 Wh-nominal clauses Distinguishing wh-clauses and wh-questions + Awh-clause is a clause that functions as Subject, Object, Complement etc. + What you said was interesting. + A wh-question is a clause by itself. In writing, it ends with a question mark: What did you say? In terms of the current topic, it is in fact a simple-finite-clause. + Ina separate classification, we distinguish declarative, interrogative and imperative clauses, and wh-questions are interrogatives. S 3.2.4 Wh-nominal clauses Wh-clauses and wh-questions (2) «In a wh-question, we usually brings the first verb in front of the Subject: You were dating John Who were you dating? «If the first verb is the main verb (and not 'be”), we have to insert a “do”, and move itforward: You dated John? HO date John? Who did you date? *For Wh-nominals, we don't invert the Finite and Subject: Tell me who you were dating (NOT: Tell me who were you dating) 3.2.4 Wh-nominal clauses Wh-clauses and wh-questions (3) » Note difference from wh-interrogatives: + Whatllike vs. Whatdo you like? + When you eat icecream vs. When do you eat icecream? Distinguishing wh-question, finite clause with wh-connector and wh- nominal clause: +A wh-question is a simple finite clause in the interrogative mood. It usually starts with a wh-word, such as “Who are you?”, “When did you arrive?”. These clauses are almost always independent clauses. In a wh-question, the wh-word represents one of the constituents of the clause which is moved to the front of| the clause. The Subject and Finite usually need to be inverted (when did/FIN you/SUBJ ...), and a do-insert is needed if the finite verb is the main verb: (except 'be”) +A finite clause with wh- connector occurs when the connector is a wh-word, for instance “When | get home, you should be ready.” Note that “when” here is a connector, and could be replaced by “before” or “after”. These clauses function as Adjunct. The wh-word does not stand in for any constituent of the clause. There is no Subject-Finite inversion, nor do-insert. +A wh-nominal clause functions as Subject, Object or Complement. Since the wh-word represents one of the constituents of this clause (Subject, Object, Adjunct, ...), a constituent should be missing (note: 'when' will replace an Adjunct). No Subject-Finite inversion. What / like ¡s icecream. Classify each of the underlined clauses as one of: Simple-finite-clause, Wh-clause, Finite-clause-with-connector: 1. Who did you see today? 2. When | see him ¡is not your business. 3. When | see him, | will give ¡t to him. 4. When he gets there ¡s soon enough. 5. Thathe gets there ¡s the important thing. 3.3.4 Wh-Nominal clauses vs Questions Translate into English: 1. ¿Sabes quién es? Creo que son ellos. 2. Dime cuánto dinero tienes. 3. No sé cómo es tu amigo. 4. Pregúntale cómo está su padre. 5. ¿Ha dicho cuánto tiempo tenemos? 6. ¿Cuánto tiempo tenemos? 7. ¡Cuánto tiempo tenemos!
