Phrasal verbs, Apuntes de Turismo

¡Descarga Phrasal verbs y más Apuntes en PDF de Turismo solo en Docsity! PHRASAL VERBS VPHRASAL VERBS Español Ejemplos add up sumar The waiter added up the bill. ask(someone) out invitar a salir Steve asked me out last night. back off retirarse I would back off if I were you, I don't think she likes you. back(someone) up apoyar, respaldar You were with me, you can back me up, right? back up(something) hacer un copia Don't forget to back up all of your files. break down(something) dejar de trabajar, estropearse, averiarse Our car broke down while we were driving to the supermarket. break down(someone) venirse abajo It was the most stressful week. By Friday I broke down and cried. break(something)down derribar, desmontar We had to break down the stage to prepare for the next event. blow up explotar They blew up a building, but luckily nobody was hurt. break into forzando la entrada para robar Someone broke into my apartment while I was on holidays. break up separarse, romperse I can't believe it, Dan broke up with me last night! bring(somebody)up criar y educar I was brought up by my grandmother. bring(something)up sacar, mencionar I hate him. Don't ever bring his name up again! call back volver a llamar He was busy when I called, but he said he wouldcall me back tonight. call off suspender, cancelar Did you hear? Brenda called off the wedding! call on preguntar The teacher called on me in class to answer the question. calm down tranquilizarse, calmarse Calm down, everything is going to be ok. carry on seguir haciendo algo Carry on! You are doing very well. carry on seguir haciendo algo She must have loved Spain, she was carrying onabout it for days after she returned. catch up ponerse al día Call me, we need to catch up! check in registrarse (en) What time can we check in to the hotel? check out pagar y marcharse They checked out on monday. check out quedarse con, mirar He's checking you out! / Let's check out that new bar. check up hacer averiguaciones I know you have been sick, so I was calling to check up on you. cheer up animar(se) a alguien Sarah is depressed; we have to cheer her up. close down cerrar o terminar una actividad The factory was closed down last month. come back regresar, volver We are coming back next week. come by pasarse por Come by my office and we can talk. come down with enfermarse My son came down with the flu last week. come from originarse His love of music comes from his father. count on contar con Don't worry, you can count on me! cut back on bajar With the crisis we have had to cut back onexpenses. cut off interrumpir I don't mean to cut you off, but I have to go now. cut out parar de hacer algo Cut it out! Leave your sister alone. drop by/in pasar I was just dropping by/in to say "hi". drop off llevar a, dejar She dropped off the kids at school before going to work. drop out abandonar He dropped out of school because he was failing all his classes. end up acabar + infinitivo There was no food at home so we ended up going out. fall apart(something) deshacerse The sweater fell apart after so many washings. fall apart(someone) derrumbarse She fell apart when she heard the news. fall behind quedarse atrás Hurry up or you will fall behind. fall out caerse I think my wallet fell out of my purse. fight back defenderse If you don't fight back, they will never stop bullying you. figure out determinar I can't figure out why this isn't working. fill in/out rellenar You must fill in/out the forms completely. fill up llenar I need to stop at the gas station and fill up the gas tank. find out enterrarse If the teacher doesn't know the answer, she will find it out. fit in encajar, integrarse Despite her efforts, she never fit in with the other kids. get across comunicar una idea He tried everything to get his ideas across, but his boss didn't understand. get along/on llevarse bien I'm so lucky, my father and my husband get along/on really well. get around desplazarse, circular News really gets around fast! get away cogerse un descanso/ vacaciones Work has been so stressful, I need to get away! get away with salir impune She stole my idea, but she won't get away with it. get back regresar, volver They get back from vacation on Thursday. get(something)back devolver I have to get these books back to the library today. get back at vengarse de I'll get back at her for stealing my idea! get by sobrevivir We don't have a lot of money right now, but we'llget by. get on subir He got on the bus for the airport. get on seguir My husband and I have separated, but I must get onwith my life. get out of irse, salir, marcharse It's too smoky in here, I have to get out of here. get over recuperarse I'm so upset, I can't get over failing my test. get through superar, acabar I'm never going to get through this book with all of these distractions! get together quedar, reunir We are getting together for dinner tomorrow at 8. get up levantarse What time did you get up this morning? give away regalar The millionaire gave away all his money just before he died. give back devolver Can you give me back my book when you have finished reading it? give in/up ceder, rendirse Be strong! Don't give in to temptation give out repartir, distribuir They are giving out free samples at the store. give up rendirse, abandonar Ok, I give up. What's the answer? go ahead ir delante Go ahead, I'll meet you there. go back regresar, volver I'm so embarassed. I can never go back to that restaurant. go out salir Let's go out for a drink. go out with(someone) salir con I hear Michael is going out with Jane. go over repasar Before you submit your thesis, I think we should go over it together. go through atravesar You need to go through the Lincoln Tunnel to get to New Jersey. go through sufrir, soportar I can't believe what you have been through. grow up crecer, criarse Alex grew up in France but now he lives in Italy. hand in presentar, entregar All homework must be handed in by the end of the day. hand out repartir The teacher will hand out the assignments this afternoon. hang on esperar Hang on, I'm coming. hang out pasar tiempo con Her favorite thing to do is hang out with her friends. • If we didn't have to work today, we could have a picnic. Si no tuviésemos que trabajar hoy, podríamos tener un picnic. • • If they won the lottery, they wouldn't work any more. Si ellos ganaran la lotería, no trabajarían más. • If I saw her, I would ask her out. Si la viera, la invitaría a salir. • If you went to Brazil, you wouldn't want to come back. Si fueras a Brazil, no querrías regresar. • If they spoke Spanish, we would understand them. Si ellos hablasen español, los entenderíamos. • If he didn't live by the river, he couldn't go fishing. Si el no viviera cerca del río, no podría ir a pescar. • If I didn't want to go, I would tell you. Si no quisiera ir, te lo diría. • If they worked for that company, they might have better salaries. Si ellos trabajaran para esa compañía, podrían tener mejores sueldos. • If she wrote a book, it would be a best-seller. Si ella escribiese un libro, sería un best-seller. PASIVA Verb Tense Structure Example PRESENT SIMPLE am/are/is + pp Spanish is spoken here. PRESENT CONTINUOUS am/are/is being + pp Your questions are being answered. FUTURE (WILL) will be + pp It’ll be painted by next week. FUTURE (GOING TO) am/are/is going to be + pp Terry is going to be made redundant next year. PAST SIMPLE was/were + pp We were invited to the party, but we didn’t go. PAST CONTINUOUS was/were being + pp The hotel room was being cleaned when we got back from shopping. PRESENT PERFECT have/has been + pp The President of America has been shot. PAST PERFECT had been + pp When he got home he found that all of his money had been stolen. FUTURE PERFECT will have been + pp Our baby will have been born before Christmas. REPORTER SPEECH Direct speech Reported speech present simple I am happy I sleep past simple He said he was happy He said he slept present continuos I am feeling happy I am sleeping past continuos He said he was feeling happy He said he was sleeping past simple I was happy I slept past perfect He said he had been happy He said he had slept present perfect I have been happy I have slept past perfect He said he had been happy He said he had slept present perfect continuos I have been feeling happy I have been sleeping past perfect continuos He said he had been feeling happy He said he had been sleeping future I will be happy I will sleep simple conditional He said he would be happy He said he would sleep future perfect I will have been happy I will have sleep simple conditional perfect He said he would have been happy He said he would have slept Verbos modales Direct speech Reported speech CAN I can sleep COULD He said he could sleep MAY I may sleep MIGHT He said he might sleep WILL I will sleep WOULD He said he would sleep MUST I must sleep HAD TO He said he had to sleep • Cambios que pueden sufrir algunas partículas de lugar y tiempo: now at that moment, then tonight that night today that day last night the night before this morning that morning this week that week next week the following week next year the year after here there MODAL VERBS