Resumen y apuntes sobre el sistema digestivo, Apuntes de Inglés

¡Descarga Resumen y apuntes sobre el sistema digestivo y más Apuntes en PDF de Inglés solo en Docsity! Although swallowing is a simple act, it does require the coordination of multiple parts The soft palate moves backward when the alimentary bolus passes through the esophagus. The espiglottis moves downward to close the traches and prevent the food from entering the respiratory pathways The alimentarv bolus is advenced by the muscular motion of peristalsis Food is sent toward the stomach pumped by the muscular contractions of the esophageal. The first step of the digestive process consists in break down food to obtain its nutrients the process is 1. In the MOUTH, the teeth break up the food and mix it with saliva from the SALIVARY GLANDS. Food chewed and mixed with saliva is called FOOD BOLUS. 2. THE FOOD BOLUS passes through THE PHARYNX, and THE ESOPHAGUS until it reaches the STOMACH . 3. In the STOMACH, thanks to PERISTALTIC MOVEMENTS, the food bolus mixes with the GASTRIC JUICES. This mixture is CHYME, a porridge of partially digested food. 4. CHYME passes to the SMALL INTESTINE, where INTESTINAL JUICE is produced and PANCREATIC JUICE is received from the PANCREAS and BILE from the LIVER. This mixture is QUILO, a porridge formed by the nutrients of the food and the remains that cannot be digested. 5.The RECTUM is the segment of the digestive tract above the anus, where the feces are retained before leaving the body through the anus. 6.The ANUS is the hole that exists at the end of the digestive tract, through which the waste materials leave the body. Saliva plays a digestive role by breaking down food through the action of salivary amylase, initiating the digestion of carbohydrates and converting them into simpler sugars. Additionally, saliva aids in lubricating food to facilitate its passage through the digestive system. Intestinal juices, such as those produced by the small intestine, contain various digestive enzymes that further break down food. These enzymes break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates into smaller molecules, facilitating their absorption into the bloodstream through the intestinal walls. Additionally, intestinal juices help neutralize the acidity from the stomach, creating a more favorable environment for digestive enzymes. Pancreatic juices play a crucial role in digestion. Produced by the pancreas, these juices contain digestive enzymes such as trypsin, amylase, and lipase, which break down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, respectively. These enzymes help convert food into smaller molecules for efficient absorption by the small intestine. Additionally, pancreatic juices also work to neutralize the acidity from the stomach, creating an optimal environment for enzymatic activity.