tablas termodinámicas, Guías, Proyectos, Investigaciones de Química

¡Descarga tablas termodinámicas y más Guías, Proyectos, Investigaciones en PDF de Química solo en Docsity! FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA QUIMICA QUIMICA GENERAL H TABLAS Tablas termoquímicas Table 2.5 Thermodpnamic dsta for organic compounds (al values relate to 298K) Mfgmol! SHO /kI mol! A/G*/kImot! SE/JK" mol! Cám/IK" mol! AH? /ki mol! ls) (graphite) 12011 o o 5.140 8,527 393.51 Cfs) (diamond) 12.011 +1.895 +2.:900 237 6.113 395.40 cosa) 44.010 393,51 39436 213,74 sa Hydrocarbons CHu(g). methane 16.04 74.81 50.72 186.26 35.31 890 CHalg). methy 15,04 + 145.69 +14792 194.2 38.70 CaHa(g), ettiyne 26.04 +226.73 +209.20 200.94 4393 -1300 CaHalg), ettiene 28.05 +5226 +68.15 219.56 43,56 1411 CoHalg), ethane 30.07 54.68 318 229.50 32.63 -1560 Catala). propene 42.08 +20.42 +62.78 267.05 63.89 —2058 Cati(g). eyclopropane 42.08 +5330 +104.45 231.55 5594 2091 CaHalg), prapane 44.10 103.85 -23:49 269.91 ms -220 CaHala). 1-butene 56.11 0.13 +71.39 305.71 8565 a CoHala), cis-2-butene 56.11 -699 +6595 300.94 1891 2110 Cabialg). trons-2=butene 56.11 11.17 +63.06 296.59 87.82 -2107 CaHiro(g), butane 58.13 126.15 1743 310.23 9145 2878 CsHa(g), pentane 72.15 146.44 420 348. 1202 3597 CoHall) 72.15 - 13,1 Coll), benzene 78.12 +49.0 +1243 113 1364 -3268 Cotiala) 78,12 +8293 +129:72 26931 81.67 -3302 Chal. eyclohexane 34.16 156 +268 156.5 3920 CoHa(!), hexane 36.18 198.7 204.3 -4163 CaHsCHalg), methyl- benzene (toluene) 92,14 +30.0 +122.0 3207 103.6 3953 CrHia(l), heptane 100.21 2244 +10 386 2243 Cabral). octane 11423 -2499 +64 361.1 54m CaHall), iso-octane 114.23 -255.1 -5461 CioHls), naphrthalene 128.18 +78,53 -5157 Alcohols and phenols CH;OM(), methano! 32.04 238.66 166.27 1268 81.6 -126 CH,0H(g) 3204 —200:66 161.96 23981 43.89 164 CaHsOHlI), ethanol 46.07 277.69 174.78 160.7 111.46 1368 CoH¿OHle) 46.07 -235.10 168.49 282.0 65.4. 1409 CoHigOHIs), phenol 94.12 -1650 -5039 1460 -3054 Carboxylie acids, hydroxy aíds, and esters HCOOHI), formic 46.03 424.72 -361.35 128.95 29.04 -255 CH,COOH(!), acetic 60.05 -484,5 3899 159.8 1243 805 CH,COOH(aq) 60.05 485.76 39646 mi CH,C0 (aq) 59.05 486.01 369.31 866 -63 (COOM)2(s), oxalic 90.04 827.2 17 -254 CsHsCOOHs), benzoic 2213 385.1 245,3 167.6 146.8 -3227 CH,CH[OHICOOHÍs), lactic 90.0% 694.0 1344 CH,COOC¿Hs(l), cthyi acetate 88.11 4190 27 259.4 ro. - 29 Alkanals and alkanones HCHO(g), methanal 30.03 108,57 —102.53 218.77 35.40 sn CH,CHO(), ethanal 44.05 192.30 - 128.12 160.2 1166 CH,CHO(g) 44.05 -166.19 128.86 250.3 5713 1192 CH,COCHaÚ), propanone —— 58.08 248,1 -1554 200.4 124.7 -1790 Sugars CgH1¿0g(5), a-O-glucose 180.16 124 —2808 CaH,¿0sls), f£-0-glucose 180.16 ¡268 -910 212 CsH120o(s), B-0-fructose — 180.16 1266 -2810 Ci2H32044(5), sucrose 342.30 -2n -1543 360.2 5645 Nitrogen compounds CO(NH )afs), urea 60.06 333,51 197,33 104.60 -6x CH¿NHy(g), methylamine —— 31.06 -297 +32.16 24341 —1085 CoHsNH¿(), aniline 93:13 +31 3393 CH¿(NH¿)COOH(S), glycine — 75,07 5329 4 103.5 92 -969 Data: NBS, TDOC FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA QUIMICA QUIMICA GENERAL H TABLAS Table 2.6 Thermedynamis data (all values relate to 298 K) M/gmol=! 8H? /K] mor! AG? /kJ mol! S/JK mola! Cs FK mota! Aluminium (aluminum) AG) 26.93 0 0 28.33 2435 0 26.98 + 10.56 +7.20 39.55 2421 Alg) 26.93 +3264 +285.7 164.54 21.38 AS" (9) 26.98 +5483.17 Art lag) 26.98 1 -485 321.7 ALO JÍs, a) 101.96 -1675.7 -1582.3 50.92 79.04 AICIzls) 133.24 704.2 628.8 110.67 91.34 Argon Arto) 39.95 o 0 154.85 20.786 Antimony Sols) 121.75 o 0 35.69 25.23 SbH,lg) 124.77 + 145,11 +147.75 232.78 41.05 Arsenic Asís, a) 74,92 o 0 35.1 24.64 Asta) 74.92 +3025 +261.0 174.21 20.79 Asalo) 299.69 + 1439 +92.:4 314 AsHalgl 77.95 +66.44 +68.93 222.18 33.07 Barium Bals) 137.34 o 0 62.8 2307 Balg) 137,4 + 180 +146 170,24 20.79 8) 137.34 537.64 560.77 96 82045) 153.34 553,5 525.1 70.43 41.78 BaCia(s) 208.25 358.6 8104 123.68 75.14 Beryllium Bels) 901 o 0 9.50 16.44 Belg) 901 +3243 +2866 136.27 20.79 Bismuth Bils) 208.98 o o 56.74 25.52 Bilg) 203.98 +207.1 +168.2 187.00 20.79 Bromine Bra 159.82 0 o 15223 75.689 Bralg) 159.82 +30.907 +3.110 245.46 36.02 Brlg) 7991 +111.88 +82.396 175.02 20.786 Br (9) 79.91 —219.07 Br (aq) 79.91 121.55 103.96 824 141.8 HBr(g) 9092 36.40 5345 198.70 29,142 FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA QUIMICA QUIMICA GENERAL H TABLAS Table 2.6 Thermodynamic data (all values relate to 298 K) M/gmol"! 8H? /kJ mol! 4/6? /kJ mol"! S5/JK"! mol! Cñm/IK! mol Lead Pbls) 207.19 0 o 64.81 26.44 Pblg) 207.19 +1950 +161.9 175.37 20.79 Poi* (ag) 207.19 17 443 105 PbO(s, yellow) 223.19 217392 187.89 68,70 45.77 PbO(s, red) 223.19 -218.99 -188.93 665 45.81 PbOs ls) 239.19 217.4 217.33 68.6 64.64 Lithium Lis) 694 0 0 29.12 24,77 Lo) 694 +159.37 + 126.66 138.77 20.79 Lag) 694 -218.49 29931 134 68.5 Magnesium Mgls) 24.31 o 0 32.68 24,89 Mala) 2431 +147.70 +113.10 148.65 20.786 Mg**lag) 24.31 466.85 4548 138.1 Mgo(s) 4031 601.70 56943 26.94 37.15 Mgcoz(s) 34.32 -1095.8 —1012,1 65.7 75.52 MgCials) 9522 -64132 391.79 89.62 7138 Mercury : Ho) 200.59 0 o 76.02 27.983 Hglg) 200,59 +61.32 +31.82 174.96 20.786 Hg**(aq) 200.59 +171,1 + 164.40 -322 H6*lag) 401.18 + 1724 + 153.52 $45 HgOls) 216,59 90.83 58,54 70.29 44.06 Mercury (Continued) Hg,Ch(s) 472.09 -265.22 -210.75 192.5 102 HgC1,ls) 271.50 224.3 178.6 146.0 Hgsls, black) 232,65 53,6 417 883 Neon Nela) 20.18 0 o 146.33 20.786 Nitrogen Nalg) 28.013 o o 191.61 29.125 Nig) 14,007 +472.10 4455.56 153.30 20.786 NOlg) 30.01 +90.25 +86.55 210.76 29.844 N0l9) 44.01 +82.05 + 104,20 219.85 38.45 NOz(9) 46.01 +33.18 +5131 240.06 37,20 N¿0alg) 9201 +9.16 +97.89 304.29 nm. N¿0s(s) 108.01 -43,1 +113,9 1782 143.1 NOstg) 108.01 +113 +1151 355.7 84.5 HNOS () 63.01 -174.10 20.71 155.50 109.87 HOs(aq) 63.01 -207.36 -111.25 146.4 666 NO; lag) 52.01 —205.0 108,74 146.4 866 Nilo) 17.03 -46.11 16.45 192.45 35.06 NHlaq) 17.03 -30.29 -26.50 1113 NH aq) 18.04 132.51 79,31 134 m. NH¿OH(s) 33.03 .2 HN 43,03 +264.0 +327.3 140.6 43.68. Halo) 43.03 +294.1 +328.1 238,97 98.87 Nata 32.05 +30.63 +149:43 na 139.3 NANO Is) 80,04 365.56 183.87 151.08 84.1 NHClts) 5349 31443 202.87 94.6 FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA QUIMICA QUIMICA GENERAL H TABLAS Table 2.6 Thermodynamic data (al values relate to 298K) M/gmol"! BH? /kImol! AG */KJmor! — SSJIK mor? CO, /IK "Ema Oxygen Oalg) 31.999 o 0 205.138 29.355. oí) 15.999 +249.17 4231.73 161.06 21,912 Orla) 47.998 + 142.7 + 163.2 238,93 39.20 OH (aq) 17,007 157,24 10.75 149,5 Phosphorus Pf6, wh) 3097 0 0 41.09 23.840. Pla) 3091 +314.64 +218.25 163.19 20.786 Polg) 61.95 +144.3 41037 218.13 32.05 Pulg) 123.90 +58.91 +24.44 279.98 67.15 Phalg) 34.00 +54 +134 210.23 311 PClalg) 137.33 287.0 267.8 311.78 71.84 Pctall 137.33 3197 -m23 217.41 PCte(g) 208.24 349 305.0 364.6 112.8 POlls) 208.24 443.5 HSPO,(s) 82.00. 9644 HiPO, (99) 82.00. 964,8 HSPO45) 94,97 -1279.0 11191 110,50 106.06 HPO4(1) 94,97 12669 HiPO, (ag) 94.97 12774 10187 --2 Phosphorus (Continued) PO aq) 94,97 174 —1018.7 21.8 PO jols) 283.89 —2984.0 —2697.0 228,86 21.7 PL0cls) 219.89 -1640.1 Potassium K(s) 39.10 0 0 64.18 29.58 Kg) 39.10 +89.24 +60.59 160.336 20.786 K*g) 39.10 +514.26 K*lad) 39.10 252.38 283.27 102,5 21.8 KOH(5) 56.11 -424.16 319.08 789 549 KFts) 58.10 516.27 531.15 66.57 49.04 KC) 74.56 436.75 409.14 32.59 51.30 KBr(s) 119.01 393.80 —380.66 95.90 52.30 Klfs) 166.01 32790 324.89 106.32 593 Silicon sits) 23.09 0 0 18.83 20.00 Sila) 23.09 +455.6 +411,3 167.97 22.25 SiOaks, a) 60.09 910.94 856.64 41.54 44.43 Silver Agls) 107,87 0 0 42.55 25.351 Aglol 107.87 +284.55 +245.65 173.00 20.79 Ag*lag) 107.87 +105.58 +71.11 72.68 21.8 Ag8ris) 187.78 100.37 96:90 107.1 52.38 AQUI 143.32 127.07 109.79 96.2 50.79 A90(5) 231.74 31.05 11.20 121.3 65.46 AGNO(s) 169.88 129.39 3341 140.92 93.05 Sodium Na(s) 22.99 0 o 51.21 28.24 Na(g) 2.99 +107.32 +76.76 153.71 20.79 Na* (aq) 29% —240.12 261.91 59.0 464 Na0Hls) 40.00 -42561 31949 54.46 59.54 Nac(s) 53.44 411.15 384.14 7213 50.50 NaBris) 102.90 —361.06 348.98 36.82 51.38 Nal(s) 149.89 281.78 286.06 98.53 52.09 Sulfur Sls, a) (mombic) 32.06 o o 31.80 22.64 Sís, B) (manoctinic) 32.06 +033 +0.1 326 23.6 Sig) 32.06 +278.81 +238.25 167.82 23.63 Silo) 64.13 +128.37 +79.30 228.18 3247 s tad) 32.06 +33,1 +85,8 -14.6 S04lg) 64.06 296.33 300.19 248.22 39.87 5049) 80.06 395.72 371.06 256.76 50.67 H,5041) 93.08 813.99 — 690.00 156.90 138.9 H,50.(a9) 93.08 909.27 744.53 20.1 -293 SO%"tag) 96.06 909.27 144,53 20.1 -29 HSO< Tag) 97.07 887.34 755.91 131.8 84 FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA QUIMICA QUIMICA GENERAL H TABLAS Constantes de acidez Table 9.1 Acidity constants for aqueous solution at 298 K. (0) In alphabetical order of acid Acid HA Ar Ka pk, Acetic CH,COOH CH,COz 1.8 x 107? 475 Ammonium ion NH NH) 5.6 x 10710 9.25 Anilinium ion CoHsNH3 CoH5NH> 23x 10% 4.63 Boric B(OH), B(OM)z 7.2x 10710 9.14 Butanoic C¿H,COOH C¿H,CO7 15 x 107% 4.82 Carbonic H¿C0, HCOs 43x 1077 6.37 Diethylammonium ¡on (C¿HsJaNHZ (CH) NH 10 x 107! 10.99 Dihydrogenphosphate ¡on H¿PO4 HPOZ- 62 x 10" 721 Dimethylammonium ion (CH,)¿NH3 (CHaJaNH 19x 107" 10.73 Ethylammonium ¡on CoHsNHS CaHgNH) 16 x 107! 10.81 Formic HCOOH HCOz 18 x 10 3.75 Glycinium ion NH,CH¿COOH NH¿CH¿CO7 1.7 x 10710 9.78 Hydrazinium ion NH,NH NH2NHz $9 x 10? 8.23 Hydroiodic HI y 10 1 Hydrobromic HBr Br 10% -9 Hydrochloric HCl cr 10 -1 Hydrofluoric HF F 3.5 x 10* 3.45 Hydrogenarsenate ion HASO37 ASOj7 3.0 x 107 11.53 Hydrogencarbonate ion HCO; co” 48x 107" 10.32 Hydrogen cyanide HON (e 49 x 10710 9.31 Hydrogenoxalate ¡on HOOCCO7 (cOJ37 6.5 x 107% 4.19 Hydrogenphosphate ion HPOz: 7 22x 10" 12.67 Hydrogensulfate ¡on HSOz 12 x 107? 192 Hydrogen sulfide HS Hs” 9.1 x 107 7.04 Hydrogensulfide ¡on HS” s- 1.1 1072 11.96 Hydronium ion HO 4,0 1 00 Hypobromous H8rO Bro” 20x 10? 8.69 Hypochlorous HCIO. cio” 3.0 x 107 7.53 Hypoiodous HIO 107 2.3 x 107 10.64 Lactic CH,CH(OH)COOH CH,CH(OH)COZ 1.4 x 107* 3.86 Methylammonium ion CHNHS CH,NH, 22 x 107 10.66 Oxalic (COOH), HOOCCOz $9 x 10? 123 Perchloric HCIO, 1010 -10 Phenol CóH50H 13 x 1070 9.89 Phosphoric HyPO. 75 x 107 2.12 Propanoic C¿HsCOOH C2HsCOz 141 4.87 Pyridinium ion HCSH5N* CsHsN 5.6 x 107 5.25 Sulfuric H,5O4 HSOs 10? 2 Sulfurous H¿SO, HSOy 1.5 x 107? 181 Triethylammonium ion (C¿Hs)¿NH* (CaHs)aN 171070 10.76 Trimethylammonium ion (CH,),NH* (CH,JaN 16 10710 9.81