US Immunization Schedule for Children and Adolescents: Doses, Intervals, Special Cases, Esquemas y mapas conceptuales de Pediatría

¡Descarga US Immunization Schedule for Children and Adolescents: Doses, Intervals, Special Cases y más Esquemas y mapas conceptuales en PDF de Pediatría solo en Docsity! for ages 18 years or younger NS AENA rr od 201 0 Vaccines in the Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule* Diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis vaccine DTaP Daptacel Infanrix Diphtheria, tetanus vaccine DT No Trade Name Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine Hib (PRP-T) ActHIB Hiberix Hib (PRP-OMP) — PedvaxHIB Hepatitis A vaccine HepA Havrix Vaqta Hepatitis B vaccine HepB Engerix-8 Recombivax HB Human papillo mavirus vaccine HPV Gardasil 9 Influenza vaccine (inactivated) uv Multiple Influenza vaccine (live, attenuated) LAIV FluMist Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine MMR M-MERII Meningococcal serogroups A, C, W, Y vaccine MenACWY-D Menactra MenACWY-CRM Menveo Meningococcal serogroup B vaccine MenB-4C Bexsero MenB-FHbp Trumenba Pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccine Pcv13 Prevnar 13 Pneumococcal 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine PPSV23 Pneumovax Poliovirus vaccine (inactivated) IPv ¡POL Rotavirus vaccine RV1 Rotarix RV5 RotaTeg Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine Tdap Adacel Boostrix Tetanus and diphtheria vaccine Td Tenivac Td vaccine Varicella vaccine VAR Varivax Combination Vaccines (Use combination vaccines instead of separate injections when appropriate) DTaP, hepatitis B, and inactivated poliovirus vaccine DTaP-HepB-IPV— Pediarix DTaP, inactivated poliovirus, and Haemophilus infuenzae type b vaccine DTaP-1PV/Hib Pentacel DTaP and inactivated poliovirus vaccine DTaP-1PV Kinrix Quadracel Measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccines MMRV ProQuad *Administer recommended vaccine: intervals between doses. When a vaccine is not admi immunization history is incomplete or unknown. Do not restart or add doses to vaccine series for extended :tered at the recommended age, administer at a subsequent visit. The use oftrade names is foridentification purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the ACIP or CDC. How to use the child/adolescent immunization schedule 1 2 3 4 Determine Determine Assess need Review recommended recommended — foradditional vaccine types, vaccine by age interval for recommended — frequencies, (Table 1) catch-up vaccines intervals, and vaccination by medical considerations (Table 2) condition and for special other indications situations (Table 3) (Notes) Recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip) and approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (www.cdc.gov), American Academy of Pediatrics (www.aap.org), American Academy of Family Physicians (www.aafp.org), and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (www.acog.org). Report +» Suspected cases of reportable vaccine-preventable diseases or outbreaks to your state or local health department + Clinically significant adverse events to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) at www.vaers.hhs.gov or (800-822-7967) Download the CDC Vaccine Schedules App for providers at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/schedule-app.html. Helpful information + Complete ACIP recommendations: www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/index.html * General Best Practice Guidelines for Immunization: www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/general-recs/index.html + Outbreak information (including case identification and outbreak response), see Manual for the Surveillance of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases: www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule for ages 18 years or younger CS United States, 2019 These recommendations must be read with the Notes that follow. For those who fall behind or start late, provide catch-up vaccination at the earliest opportunity as indicated by the green bars in Table 1. To determine minimum intervals between doses, see the catch-up schedule (Table 2). School entry and adolescent vaccine age groups are shaded in gray. NE 7-10 yrs [11-12 yrs| 13-15 yrs Hepatitis B (HepB) Rotavirus (RV) RV1 (2-dose series); RV5 (3-dose series) Diphtheria, tetanus, 8: acellular pertussis (DTaP: <7 yrs) Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13) Inactivated poliovirus (IPV:<18 yrs) Influenza (IIV) Influenza (LAIV) Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) See Notes Varicella (VAR) Hepatitis A (HepA) See Notes Meningococcal (MenACWY-D 29 mos; MenACWY-CRM 22 mos) Tetanus, diphtheria, 8 acellular pertussis (Tdap: >7 yrs) Human papillomavirus (HPV) ' See Notes Meningococcal B Pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV23) See Notes H Range of recommended ages for all H Range of recommended ages for catch- — M Range of recommended ages for Range of recommended ages for non-high-risk groups that may No recommendation children up immunization certain high-risk groups receive vaccine, subject to individual clinical decision-making 01/31/19 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule, United States, 2019 | Page 2 Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule for ages 18 years or younger, United States, 2019 For vaccine recommendations for persons 19 years of age and older, see the Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule, Additional information + Consult relevant ACIP statements for detailed recommendations at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/ index.html. + For information on contraindications and precautions for the use of a vaccine, consult the General Best Practice Guidelines for Immunization and relevant ACIP statements at www.cdc. gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/index.htmi. + For calculating intervals between doses, 4 weeks = 28 days. Intervals of 24 months are determined by calendar months. + Within a number range (e.3, 12-18), a dash (-) should be read as “through” + Vaccine doses administered <4 days before the minimum age or interval are considered valid. Doses of any vaccine administered >5 days earlier than the minimum age or minimum interval should not be counted as valid and should be repeated as age-appropriate. The repeat dose should be spaced after the invalid dose by the recommended minimum interval. For further details, see Table 3-1, Recommended and minimum ages and intervals between vaccine doses, in General Best Practice Guidelines for lmmunization at www. edc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/general-recs/timing.html. Information on travel vaccine requirements and recommendations is available at wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/. + For vaccination of persons with immunodeficiencies, see Table 8-1, Vaccination of persons with primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, in General Best Practice Guidelines for Immunization at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/ general-recs/immunocompetence.html, and Immunization in Special Clinical Circumstances (In: Kimberlin DW, Brady MT, Jackson MA, Long SS, eds. Red Book: 2018 Report ofthe Committee on Infectious Diseases. 31* ed, Itasca, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2018:67-111). For information regarding vaccination in the setting of a vaccine-preventable disease outbreak, contact your state or local health department. The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) is a no-fault alternative to the traditional legal system for resolving vaccine injury claims. All routine child and adolescent vaccines are covered by VICP except for pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23). For more information, see www.hrsa.gov/ vaccinecompensation/indexhtml. Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccination (minimum age: 6 weeks [4 years ANETO)! Routine vaccination + 5-dose series at 2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, 4-6 years - Prospectively: Dose 4 may be given as early as age 12 months if at least 6 months have elapsed since dose 3. - Retrospectively: A 4' dose that was inadvertently given as early as 12 months may be counted if at least 4 months have elapsed since dose 3. Catch-up vaccination + Dose 5 is not necessary if dose 4 was administered at age 4 years or older. + For other catch-up guidance, see Table 2. Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination CANNES) Routine vaccination + ActHIB, Hiberix, or Pentacel: 4-dose series at 2, 4, 6, 12-15 months * PedvaxHIB: 3-dose series at 2, 4, 12-15 months Catch-up vaccination * Dose 1 at 7-11 months: Administer dose 2 at least 4 weeks later and dose 3 (final dose) at 12-15 months or 8 weeks after dose 2 (whichever is later). * Dose 1 at 12-14 months: Administer dose 2 (final dose) at least 8 weeks after dose 1. * Dose 1 before 12 months and dose 2 before 15 months: Administer dose 3 (final dose) 8 weeks after dose 2. * 2 doses of PedvaxHIB before 12 months: Administer dose 3 (final dose) at 12-59 months and at least 8 weeks after dose 2. + Unvaccinated at 15-59 months: 1 dose * For other catch-up guidance, see Table 2. Special situations + Chemotherapy or radiation treatment: 12-59 months - Unvaccinated or only 1 dose before age 12 months: 2 doses, 8 weeks apart - 2 or more doses before age 12 months: 1 dose at least 8 weeks after previous dose Doses administered within 14 days of starting therapy or during therapy should be repeated at least 3 months after therapy ic stem cell transplant (HSCT): -3-dose series 4 weeks apart starting 6 to 12 months after successful transplant regardless of Hib vaccination history + Anatomic or functional asplenia (including sickle cell disease): 12-59 months - Unvaccinated or only 1 dose before 12 months: 2 doses, 8 weeks apart -2 or more doses before 12 months:1 dose at least 8 weeks after previous dose Unvaccinated* persons age 5 years orolder -1 dose * Elective splenectomy: Unvaccinated* persons age 15 months or older -1 dose (preferably at least 14 days before procedure) + HIVinfection: 12-59 months - Unvaccinated or only 1 dose before age 12 months: 2 doses, 8 weeks apart -2 or more doses before age 12 months: 1 dose at least 8 weeks after previous dose Unvaccinated* persons age 5-18 years -1 dose + Immunoglobulin deficiency, early component complement deficiency: 12-59 months - Unvaccinated or only 1 dose before age 12 months: 2 doses, 8 weeks apart -2 or more doses before age 12 months: 1 dose at least 8 weeks after previous dose *Unvaccinated = Less than routine series (through 14 months) OR no doses (14 months or older) 01/31/19 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule, United States, 2019 | Page 5 Ma Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule for ages 18 years or younger, United States, 2019 CA ol tine vaccination) Routine vaccination + 2-dose series (Havrix 6-12 months apart or Vaqta 6-18 months apart, minimum interval 6 months); a series begun before the 2”* birthday should be completed even if the child turns 2 before the second dose is administered. Catch-up vaccination + Anyone 2 years of age or older may receive HepA vaccine if desired. Minimum interval between doses: 6 months * Adolescents 18 years and older may receive the combined HepA and HepB vaccine, Twinrix, as a 3-dose series (0, 1, and 6 months) or 4-dose series (0, 7, and 21-30 days, followed by a dose at 12 months). International travel + Persons traveling to or working in countries with high or intermediate endemic hepatitis A (wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/): - Infants age 6-11 months: 1 dose before departure; revaccinate with 2 doses, separated by 6-18 months, between 12 to 23 months of age. - Unvaccinated age 12 months and older: 1* dose as soon as travel considered Special situations Atrisk for hepatitis A infection: 2-dose series as above * Chronic liver disease » Clotting factor disorders * Men who have sex with men * Injection or non-injection drug use * Homelessness * Work with hepatitis A virus in research laboratory or nonhuman primates with hepatitis A infection + Travel in countries with high or intermediate endemic hepatitis A » Close, personal contact with international adoptee (e.9., household or regular babysitting) in first 60 days after arrival from country with high or intermediate endemic hepatitis A (administer dose 1 as soon as adoption is planned, at least 2 weeks before adoptee' arrival) Birth dose (monovalent HepB vaccine only) + Motheris HBsAg-negative: 1 dose within 24 hours of birth for all medically stable infants >2,000 grams. Infants <2,000 grams: administer 1 dose at chronological age 1 month or hospital discharge. * Motheris HBsAg-positive: - Administer HepB vaccine and 0.5 mL of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) (at separate anatomic sites) within 12 hours of birth, regardless of birth weight. For infants <2,000 grams, administer 3 additional doses of vaccine (total of 4 doses) beginning at age 1 month. -Test for HBsAg and anti-HBs at age 9-12 months. If HepB series is delayed, test 1-2 months after final dose. * Mother's HBsAg status is unknown: - Administer HepB vaccine within 12 hours of birth, regardless of birth weight. - For infants <2,000 grams, administer 0.5 mL. of HBIG in addition to HepB vaccine within 12 hours of birth. Administer 3 additional doses of vaccine (total of 4 doses) beginning at age 1 month. - Determine mothers HBsAg status as soon as possible. If motheris HBsAg-positive, administer 0.5 mL of HBIG to infants 22,000 grams as soon as possible, but no later than 7 days of age. Routine series + 3-dose series at O, 1-2, 6-18 months (use monovalent HepB vaccine for doses administered before age 6 weeks) + Infants who did not receive a birth dose should begin the series as soon as feasible (see Table 2). * Administration of 4 doses is permitted when a combination vaccine containing HepB is used after the birth dose. * Minimum age for the final (34or 4!) dose: 24 weeks * Minimum intervals: dose 1 to dose 2: 4 weeks / dose 2 to dose 3: 8 weeks / dose 1 to dose 3: 16 weeks (when 4 doses are administered, substitute “dose 4”for“dose 3"in these calculations) Catch-up vaccination + Unvaccinated persons should complete a 3-dose series at O, 1-2, 6 months. * Adolescents age 11-15 years may use an alternative 2-dose schedule with at least 4 months between doses (adult formulation Recombivax HB only). * Adolescents 18 years and older may receive a 2-dose series of HepB (Heplisav-B) at least 4 weeks apart. * Adolescents 18 years and older may receive the combined HepA and HepB vaccine, Twinrix, as a 3-dose series (0, 1, and 6 months) or 4-dose series (0, 7, and 21-30 days, followed by a dose at 12 months). * For other catch-up guidance, see Table 2. E ENEE CTRA) Routine and catch-up vaccination + HPV vaccination routinely recommended for all adolescents age 11-12 years (can start at age 9 years) and through age 18 years if not previously adequately vaccinated + 2- or 3-dose series depending on age at initial vaccination: - Age 9 through 14 years at initial vaccination: 2-dose series at 0, 6-12 months (minimum interval: 5 months; repeat dose if administered too soon) - Age 15 years or older at initial vaccination: 3-dose series at 0, 1-2 months, 6 months (minimum intervals: dose 1 to dose 2: 4 weeks / dose 2 to dose 3: 12 weeks / dose 1 to dose 3: 5 months; repeat dose if administered too soon) + Ifcompleted valid vaccination series with any HPV vaccine, no additional doses needed Special situations + Immunocompromising conditions, including HIV infection: 3-dose series as above istory of sexual abuse or assault: Start at age 9 years + Pregnancy: HPV vaccination not recommended until after pregnancy; no intervention needed if vaccinated while pregnant; pregnancy testing not needed before vaccination Routine vaccination + 4-dose series at ages 2, 4, 6-18 months, 4-6 years; administer the final dose on or after the 4'* birthday and at least 6 months afterthe previous dose. + 4 or more doses of IPV can be administered before the 41 birthday when a combination vaccine containing IPV is used. However, a dose is still recommended after the 4% birthday and at least 6 months after the previous dose. Catch-up vaccination + In the first 6 months oflife, use minimum ages and intervals only for travel to a polio-endemic region or during an outbreak. + IPVis not routinely recommended for USS. residents 18 years and older. Series containing oral polio vaccine (OPV), either mixed OPV- IPV or OPV-only series: + Total number of doses needed to complete the series is the same as that recommended for the U.S. IPV schedule. See www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6601a6.htm?s_ cid=mm6601a6_w. 01/31/19 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule, United States, 2019 | Page 6 Ma Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule for ages 18 years or younger, United States, 2019 + Only trivalent OPV (tOPV) counts toward the USS. vaccination requirements. For guidance to assess doses documented as “OPV/' see www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm660627. htm?s_cid=mm6606a7_w. * For other catch-up guidance, see Table 2. Influenza vaccination ARIAS ENANA) Routine vaccination + 1 dose any influenza vaccine appropriate for age and health status annually (2 doses separated by at least 4 weeks for children 6 months-8 years who did not receive at least 2 doses of influenza vaccine before July 1, 2018) Special situations » Egg allergy, hives only: Any influenza vaccine appropriate for age and health status annually + Egg allergy more severe than hives (e.g. angioedema, respiratory distress): Any influenza vaccine appropriate for age and health status annually in medical setting under supervision of health care provider who can recognize and manage severe allergic conditions + LAIV should not be used for those with a history of severe allergic reaction to any component of the vaccine (excluding egg) or to a previous dose of any influenza vaccine, children and adolescents receiving concomitant aspirin or salicylate-containing medications, children age 2 through 4 years with a history of asthma or wheezing, those who are immunocompromised due to any cause (including immunosuppression caused by medications and HIV infection), anatomic and functional asplenia, cochlear implants, cerebrospinal luid-oropharyngeal communication, close contacts and caregivers of severely immunosuppressed persons who require a protected environment, pregnancy, and persons who have received influenza antiviral medications within the previous 48 hours. Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination A NS Na Routine vaccination + 2-dose series at 12-15 months, 4-6 years + Dose 2 may be administered as early as 4 weeks after dose 1. Catch-up vaccination + Unvaccinated children and adolescents: 2 doses at least 4 weeks apart + The maximum age for use of MMAVis 12 years. Special situations International travel + Infants age 6-11 months: 1 dose before departure; revaccinate with 2 doses at 12-15 months (12 months for children in high-risk areas) and dose 2 as early as 4 weeks later. + Unvaccinated children age 12 months and older: 2-dose series at least 4 weeks apart before departure Meningococcal serogroup A,C,W,Y vaccination SN EIA Menveo], 9 months [MenACWY-D, Menactra]) Routine vaccination + 2-dose series: 11-12 years, 16 years Catch-up vaccination + Age 13-15 years: 1 dose now and booster at age 16-18 years (minimum interval: 8 weeks) : 1 dose Anatomic or functional asplenia (including sickle cell disease), HIV infection, persistent complement component deficiency, eculizumab use: * Menveo -Dose 1 at age 8 weeks: 4-dose series at 2, 4, 6, 12 months -Dose 1 at age 7-23 months: 2-dose series (dose 2 at least 12 weeks after dose 1 and after the 1* birthday) -Dose 1 at age 24 months or older: 2-dose series at least 8 weeks apart * Menactra - Persistent complement component deficiency: - Age 9-23 months: 2 doses at least 12 weeks apart - Age 24 months or older: 2 doses at least 8 weeks apart - Anatomic or functional asplenia, sickle cell disease, or HIV infection: - Age 9-23 months: Not recommended - 24 months or older: 2 doses at least 8 weeks apart - Menactra must be administered at least 4 weeks after completion of PCV13 series. Travel in countries with hyperendemic or epidemic meningococcal disease, including countries in the African meningitis belt or during the Hajj (wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/): + Children age less than 24 months: - Menveo (age 2-23 months): * Dose 1 at 8 weeks: 4-dose series at 2, 4, 6, 12 months * Dose 1 at 7-23 months: 2-dose series (dose 2 at least 12 weeks after dose 1 and after the 1" birthday) - Menactra (age 9-23 months): - 2-dose series (dose 2 at least 12 weeks after dose 1; dose 2 may be administered as early as 8 weeks after dose 1 in travelers) + Children age 2 years or older: 1 dose Menveo or Menactra First-year college students who live in residential housing (if not previously vaccinated at age 16 years or older) or military recruits: + 1 dose Menveo or Menactra Note: Menactra should be administered either before or at the same time as DTaP. For MenACWY booster dose recommendations for groups listed under“Special situations” above and additional meningococcal vaccination information, see meningococcal MMWR publications at www.cdc.gov/ vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/vace-specific/mening.html. Meningococcal serogroup B vaccination NS MenB-FHbp, Trumenba)) Clini cal discretion + MenB vaccine may be administered based on individual clinical decision to adolescents not at increased risk age 16-23 years (preferred age 16-18 years): * Bexsero: 2-dose series at least 1 month apart + Trumenba: 2-dose series at least 6 months apart; if dose 2 is administered earlier than 6 months, administer a 3 dose at least 4 months after dose 2. Special situations Anatomic or functional asplenia (including sickle cell disease), persistent complement component deficiency, eculizumab use: * Bexsero: 2-dose series at least 1 month apart + Trumenba: 3-dose series at O, 1-2, 6 months Bexsero and Trumenba are not interchangeable; the same product should be used for all doses in a series. For additional meningococcal vaccination information, see meningococcal MMWR publications at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/ hcp/acip-recs/vacc-specific/meninghtml. 01/31/19 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule, United States, 2019 | Page 7