Word Formation Processes: Creating New Words in English Language, Apuntes de Lingüística

¡Descarga Word Formation Processes: Creating New Words in English Language y más Apuntes en PDF de Lingüística solo en Docsity! Linguistics 10/10/22 4.2 Ways of making new words  A phenomenon normally referred to as a word-formation processes. Productivity/openness allows the sign system (natural human language, in this case English) to absorb new meanings into its lexicon.  Usual constraints:  New additions to the lexicon of a language must respect its phonological system.  The meaning of the new word-sign must make sense within the lexicon of a language in terms of the sociolinguistic values of the language-speaking community.  It is unusual for new lexemes to enter the lexicon as completely original in form and meaning.  The study of etymology. What is it? Why do you think it is important for the study of a language? Choose a word of your preference and provide an etymological analysis of it.  Clipping: shortening of an existing word of more than one syllable into a single-syllable word.  Pub: public house  Fan: fanatic  Fax: burofax  Ad: advertisement  Condo: condominium  Flu: influenza  Personal names: Mike, Ron, Rob, Sue, Liz  Hypocorism: clipping plus -y / -ie: Aussie, brekky, telly, bickie (biscuit), barbie (barbecue).  Acronyming: words formed from the first letters of a string of words. a) Word acronyms: pronounced as single words: RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM, NASA, UNESCO, AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), laser, scuba (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus), radar, snafu. b) Spelling acronyms: pronounced as sequences of the letters used: EU (European Union), PR, VCR, CD, OK, SPECTRE, WAR, NOW, MADD  Blending: combination of parts of two separate words to form a single word: motel (motor and hotel), smog (smoke plus fog), bit (binary and digit), refolution (reform and revolution), modem (modulator and demodulator)  Borrowing: incorporation into one language of words from another. Borrowed words are called loanwords. a) Loanwords require complete adaptation to the phonological and phonetic system of the language they are borrowed into: /ganuru/ vs /kangaroo. b) Meanings need not be retained in an identical manner: the original word for kangaroo designated a specific type of kangaroo, not all of them.