Animal farm di George Orwell, Sintesi del corso di Inglese

Scarica Animal farm di George Orwell e più Sintesi del corso in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! Animal Farm Beast of England is the song which will become animals’ national anthem. Old Major has it in his prophetic dream. ● this song is about animals’ will of liberty and to be free from the farmer’s control ● sense of this anthem: it creates a sense of belonging to a community (of animals), it should drive them to feel brothers, united against a common enemy. Pursue the aim to gain victory against dictatorship. Moses, the raven (corvo addomesticato): his name reminds the bible, who got the tables of the commandments from Jesus. ● In “the Animal Farm” Moses used to be Mr Jones’ favourite pet and Moses follows Mr Jones when he was sent way ○ He represents the church ● He isn’t present during the animals’ first meeting but the last part of novel when Napoleon will got power in his hand, despite the fact that the pigs dispise Moses he will return because Napoleon calls him back understanding that Moses is very useful ○ He is very clever: he persuades the others to accept Napoleon’s orders in order to gain Heaven (Sugarcandy mountain) ● he argues that when animals die, they will gain to the sugar-candy mountain if they behave well (only if they obey Napoleon’s will) ○ they are brain-washed by Moses. He is a very clever speaker ➔ In real story, religion has been abolished by Stalin, but later Stalin understood that the church is useful (utilitarian choice) Old Major he says that if man is overthrown, the animals will be able to be better “Man is the only creature that consumes without producing”: it is a literal quote from Carl Marx, a philosopher considered as the father of communism, he laid the base of communism (Animalism in the novel). ● “proletario e capitalista: 无产阶级和资本主义 capitalista consuma senza produrre” Old Major embodies both Carl Marx and Lenin (because both of them died before the dictatorship) ● Lenin believed in the idea of communism like Old Major but he died in 1924. And Stalin’s dictatorship is established in the 30s ○ The only rival of Stalin was Leo Trosky: who is sent then exiled and killed ■ Snowball will disappear from the farm but he will be the scapegoat of everything bad ○ Old Major will die after the speech and his skull will be worshipped. ○ Stalin had exhibited Lenin's mummified body ● both Lenin and Stalin were against Tsar Europe was characterised by dictatorships during 30s which are the bases of the WWII (it broke because Hitler attacked Poland) ● Russa: Stalin ● Italy: Mussolini ● Germany: Hitler ● Spain: Francisco Franco The commandments Step by Step, according to the pigs’ behaviour all commandments will be changed (to conform/suit Napoleon’s behaviour.) The other animals can’t understand that there have been changes in the commandments: ● because hardly any animals could write and read “All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others” ● this motto doesn’t make sense, but the animals are too ignorant, superficial and lazy Benjamin (Donkey) The most intelligent of the animals except pigs; as regards the reading competence he is as good as the pigs but he doesn’t care and doesn’t react. Nothing worth reading. He is unchanged during the plot, he’s in the same cynical way. He is indifferent, cynical and sceptical, he doesn’t think the situation will change with his action ● Apart from / except when Boxer is going to be slaughtered 屠宰 ● Because Boxer is a close friend of Benjamin’s ● He sees on the van the inscription “Horse meat butcher” ○ he run to the other animals and told them that the knacker (macellaio) would kill Boxer ○ this is the only episode in the novel that Benjamin reacts Mr Jones The often drunk farmer, the owner of the Manor Farm He represents Tsar, who was sent away by the communists Lenin and Stalin after the revolution. The communism will be established Squealer He is the pig who will change each of the commandments. He is the propaganda leather: The pig who spreads Napoleon’s propaganda among the other animals. He always justifies the vain that the pigs had using language to maintain social and political control. ● Name meaning: the one who is able to turn black into white; he manipulates the animals ensuring them that nothing is wrong Snowball the name represents purity; something clean, pure and uncorrupt Based on Leon Trotsky, he is intelligent, pure and selfless ● he cares about all the animals and wants to create a peaceful life and society Napoleon During the battle, he doesn’t fight. he always hides somewhere when there’s problem He’s very shrewd; determined; He is wicked (a morally bad character) who takes advantage of every situation. Napoleon uses military force (his nine loyal attack dogs) to intimidate the other animals and consolidate his power. 9 Dogs; Bodyguards They are always by the side of Napoleon’s; they represent the police and bodyguards They could read only the seven commandments because they only work mechanically; their only duty is to obey and so Napoleon told them what to do; they are blind followers They are ignorant and aggressive: ● They get rid from the farmer and Snowball ● Napoleon accuses the animals of being on Snowball’s side and plotting (complottare) the other animals, so they attacked this animals Mollie She is a young female horse She doesn’t take part in the rebellion: She doesn't care. She simple goes to the neighbour farm to have lots of sugar and colored ribbons She’s vain and cares only herself; she’s superficial; stupid; whimsical (capricciosa) Clover A good-hearted female horse and Boxer’s close friend. Clover is very nice; sweet and calm She cares about the other animals, she’s motherly and carring Clover often suspects the pigs of violating one or another of the Seven Commandments, but she repeatedly blames herself for misremembering the commandments. Boxer His two mottoes are “I will work harder” and “Napoleon is always right.” Boxer shows much devotion to Animal Farm’s ideals He’s very ignorant, loyal and honest. He can’t help it (non può farne a meno), he has a lot of physical effort. His incredible strength, dedication, and loyalty play a key role Cat The cat can never be found because he doesn’t care, he always hides somewhere not to take the risk and reappears only at meal times He’s superficial and selfish. Muriel (the goat) She’s a white goat; She could read better than the dogs’ The white goat who reads the Seven Commandments to Clover whenever Clover suspects the pigs of violating that. Mr Whimper He is involved in business. He is the intermediary between the Animal farm and the other farms He has he role of showing other farmers that the animals are managing in a good way Minimus He is another pig, his job in the farm is to compose the songs and he is a poet and writer