19th Century Britain: Victoria's Reign & Reforms, Appunti di Inglese

Scarica 19th Century Britain: Victoria's Reign & Reforms e più Appunti in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! LA VITA GENERALE. Victoria ascended the throne in 1837, when she was only 18, on the death of his uncle. She found support in Prime Minster Whigh, Lord Melbourne. In 1840 she married her cousin and gave him the title of Prince Consort. Victoria felt closer to the men in the street than to the aristocracy. She restored the reputation of the monarchy, and took a new role to royal family, reconnecting them to the people with civic duties. RIFORME. - In 1837 Britain was be coming “THE WORKSHOP OF THE WORLD” thanks to the abundant supply of coal, cheap iron, which surpassing its european competitors. However there was much poverty and social injustice. - Firt reform was the FIRST REFORM BILL in 1832. This gave the vote to middle-class men, without doing anything for the workers. - In 1833 there was the FACTORY ACT, that limited the working hours of children and female. - In 1838 discontent workers gave started to the CHARTIST MOVEMENT, the first movement led by working class. They presented to Parliament a petition “THE PEOPLE’S CHARTER” that demanding universal male suffrage and parliamentary reform. This was unsuccesfull, but with the REFORM BILL of 1867 was extended the right to vote to workers. - In 1804 the CORN LAW was introduced by landowners to protect their profits. This law increased prices of bread and there was more poverty. The ANTI-CORN LEAGUE was founded in 1839 in Manchester, promoted by the Chartist Movement. The REPEAL OF CORN LAWS trasformed Britain from an agricoltural economy to an industrial economy. - In 1867 there was the EDUCATION LAW that made to everybody the right to have an elementary education. POLITICA. Political party changed: • The WHIGHS became a liberal party; • The TORIES became a conservative party. The major players were Gladstone (a liberal) and Disraeli (a conservative). Gladstone was Prime