Scarica Strategic Management of Technology: Understanding Innovation and Creativity e più Appunti in PDF di Tecnologia dell'Energia solo su Docsity! Strategic management of technology summary Chapter 1 Technological innovation = the act of introducing a new device, method, or material for application to commercial or practical objectives Increasing importance of innovation is due in part to the globalization of markets foreign competition that puts new pressure on firms Computer-aided design and manufacturing have made it easier for firms to design and produce more product variants Externalities = costs that are borne by individuals other than those responsible for creating them innovation may result in negative externalities (harm surrounding) Innovation funnel = describes how many innovative ideas it needs to produce one successful new commercial product Firm needs: • An in-depth understanding of the dynamics of innovation • A well-crafted innovation strategy • Well-designed processes for implementing the innovation strategy Chapter 2 Innovation = practical implementation of an idea into a new device or process Firms particularly suitable to be innovative because of their access to resources and also face strong incentives to develop differentiating new products and services, which may give them an advantage over non-profit or government-funded entities Networks of innovators that leverage knowledge and other resources from multiple sources are one of the most powerful agents of technological advance Idea = something imagined or pictured in the mind Creativity = ability to produce novel and useful work Levels of creativity: • Individual Most important intellectual abilities for creative thinking include the ability to look at problems in unconventional ways and the ability to analyse which ideas are worth pursuing Knowledge has a double-edged impact can trap people in existing patterns Self-efficacy = a person’s confidence in their own capabilities Intrinsic motivation found to be very important • Organizational Function of creativity of the individuals within the organization and a variety of social processes and contextual factors Organization’s structure, routines, and incentives Employees may access the company’s idea repository through intranet Idea collection systems are relatively easy to establish Most successful inventors possess the following traits: • Mastered the basic tools and operations of the field in which they invent Good organization is where everyone feels safe to share their ideas, everybody listen to you and you can share everything Scamper acronym for: Substitute (what can you substitute?) Combine Adapt Modify (magnify /minify) Put (to other uses) Eliminate (remove something) Rearrange Flip-Flop method Design the worse process you can image, and then consider the opposite. Some ridiculous or impractical things to do and plan to do them. Forget about past successes and forget them. What would you do to make it worse? is the inverted of what you have to start with. So start with “what would make it better? This is the Flip-flop method because you flip it Serendipity Is the ability of making accidental but fortuitous discoveries, especially while looking for something entirely unrelated. Three types: -Discovery that was not sought -Discovery that was being sout but found in an unexpected way -Discovery whose use is different than originally planned TYPES OF INNOVATION How you manage an innovation it depends on how you want to achieve it. Disruptive technology because you ignore it and when it comes it surprise you. Before we had special glasses to run then apple watch and smart one disrupted it . Technology has a life cycle and evolves every time, a limited period New introduction period, eventually there’s growth Development Maturity End of life Life is a series of S curves with different durations and is useful to map technology. Technology do not always get to reach their limits because they can be disrupted by other inventions. S-curves are important to understand how industry/markets/technology/products evolve. Technological change tends to be cyclical early start is a fluid phase Clayton Chrisetensen’s theory not always a small firm, a the beginning all the other looked at the new object and said it was a joke. Performance drivers how consumers behavior changes Disruptive : disrupts because it deludes and tricks you, Existing competition and existing costumer think it is a joke new development maturity end of life
