Scarica Appunti su Alan Turing e più Tesine di Maturità in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! After his graduation, in the US, In 1936 he published a writing where he talked about his work on the first digital computer program: the TURING MACHINE, this Universal Machine was able to decode and follow instructions, he was the first who had that idea and we have to thank him for our electronic computer. Turing had the idea to use binary numbers to program his machine. However his idea became a real machines only many years later. Once back in England, Turing helped the Allies during the World War 2, and he was in part able to win them the war. This was possible since he had found the way to decode encrypted German messages, indeed the Nazists communicated their plans through the ENIGMA MACHINE, which created a different code constantly, so it was impossible to decipher. However, Turing invented the COLOSSUS, which was the first entirely electronic digital computer and it was able to decrypt Enigma’s codes and the German secrets. His system was able to encrypt and decrypt spoken telephone conversations during the Second World War He was a British mathematician and is the father of mondern computers, he was able to turn thought processes into numbers. He was born in London in 1912 he studied at Cambridge, even if he was a brilliant boy he suffered during his life since he wasn’t very good in making friends. He was an outsider and he was isolated since he was a victim of 20th century society which considered homosexuality a crime. and probably he killed himself. However he left a lasting inheritance. ALAN TURING After the war he continued with his researches and in 1946 he invented a new electronic computer which was able to store programs in its memory: AUTOMATIC COMPUTING ENGINE, which is very similar to what we have nowadays. In 1950 he published an article the COMPUTING MACHINERY AND INTELLIGENCE, and there he talked for the first time about the artificial intelligence. Turing thought that an intelligent machine could be created if we would follow the model of human brain, the computer parts for him were not so different from the human parts (cameras to see…) and he was criticised for his ideas by other scientists. That paper remained his best known work and his most important contribution to the field of Artificial Intelligence When the computers started to be so popular and known, people started to ask if the machines can really be intelligent. Alan Turing tried to give people an answer and in his article he talked about, the TURING TEST, which is a useful way to measure the artificial intelligence. He believed in the intelligence of the machines, but he didn’t aspect people to take him seriously. It’s a test where an interrogator asks questions both to human and to the computer. If he is not able to undistinguish them, then we have a thinking machine. His test was a provocative experiment, but he helped the researches in the AI field. Still no computer was able to win the Turing test, although some machines were very convincing. THE IMITATION GAME
