Historical Overview of Early England: From Celtic Britain to the Norman Conquest, Appunti di Inglese

Scarica Historical Overview of Early England: From Celtic Britain to the Norman Conquest e più Appunti in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! LETTERATURA INGLESE HISTORICAL BACKGROUD: Celtic Britain 1000 C.E: The Chelts spread across europe taking over what now we call France and Belgium and after Britain.Chelts europe was divided in tree groups:the Gouls (norten France),the Britons (Wales and Cornwoll) and the Ghels (Irland and Scotlend). Their language was an older version of english and their religion was Druidims and its most important divinity was sun god. Roman Invasion 43 C.E: Under Julius Cisar ar the Romans conquered the iland that was under Empero Claudius Roman Britain included the modern England and Wales.To protect Britains province romans built “Hadrian’s Wall” in name of the emperor.The Romans brought buildings and latin and cristianity to britain. Beginning of Anglo-Saxon England 410: Southern britain was part of the roman empire for 400 years the new invaders arrived from across the north se. The new invader were germanic tribes of Angles,Saxons and Jutes who spoke Old English. Vikings 793: Vikings were Scandinavian warriors,in 793 they attached the monastery of Lindisfarne and many destroyed many monasteries in the north.The monks that survived fled to in irland with a gospel book: “the book of Kells” Venerable Bede 672-735: Venerable Bede was a monk who wrote in latin an ecclesiastical history of english people,and this document is the main source of our knowledge of this period. Alfred the Great 871-900: King Alfred united Anglo-Saxon people against the Danes.He was the most important king of Anglo-saxon and when the vikings tried to invaded them. Battle of Hastings 1066: Harold,the last anglo-saxon king,defeated the vikings in the battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066. In 1066 Wiliam the Conqueror,diuk of Normandy defeated anglo-saxon at battle of Hastigs and killed Harold with his death anglo-saxon reign came to an end. William the Conqueoror 1066-1087: William was crowned king in Westminster Abbey,first norman king.The normans introduced the feudal sistem,the defeated anglo-saxon were reduce to serfs and lost tier rights.The normans also brought their language norman french in church and goverment. Norman England after William 1087: William I was succeeded by his son as William II was succeeded by his younger brother Henry I. He was the first Norman king born in England and the first to speak English as well as french. Henry II 1154-1189: In 1154 the trone passed to Henry Plantagenet became the first king in French Plantagenet line and was a strong king and an able soldier.Henry II is also remembered for his struggle with the power of the church and for his quarrel whit Thomas Becket the Archbishop of Canterbury.Becket refused to accept an act with which the king sought to reduce the power of the church and affirm royal authority.A problem was solved by the murder of Becket in Canterbury Cattedral 1170. Henry II’s son 1189: In 1189 Henry II was succeeded by his son Richard the Lionheart called like this for his bravery and military abilities.He only spent six month in england so his brother prince jon took his place.When Richard died Jon became king.In 1215 Barons rebelled against the king and forced him to sign an important document that established freedom to all men except serfs and reduced king’s rower. This document was called Magna Carta.