Hitler's Economic and Social Policies: Unemployment, Women, Youth, and Minorities, Appunti di Economia Politica

Scarica Hitler's Economic and Social Policies: Unemployment, Women, Youth, and Minorities e più Appunti in PDF di Economia Politica solo su Docsity! ECONOMIC POLICIES—partially successful • Reduce unemployment- 1932 5.6 mil to 1938 0.2 mil (1 bill for public work schemes and tax breaks for the expansion of businesses + compulsory military service) • Increased investment in rearmament (1933 1 bill 1939 30 bill)—geared up the army towards war (Germany not ready for the demands of war guns and butter unequal) • Small businesses initially supported but not H. priority 20% shut down Big businesses 50% of govt. investment—1934-38 industrial mangers income rose by 50% (taxes rose from 60 to 70%) • New plan: less unemployment, increase in rearmament + MEFO bills dramatic increase in spending 1934 (financed by inflaton) Agricultural prices rose by 20% b/w 1933 and 1937 (wages of agricultural workers below those of industrial workers+ 0.5 mil left the countryside) WOMEN—partially successful • Law of reduction of unemployment (1933)—offered loans that provided wives to give up their jobs – workforce declined of 6% from 1933 to 37 + in 1936 banned from all professional branches (during war women didn’t want to work) • Nazi schools closed to girls + schools that taught domestic science—only 10% in uni (shortage of skills to support war effort) • Propaganda celebrating motherhood—posters and campaigns—value of motherhood (despite incentives big families fell from 20 to 13% from 1930-40) • Law on abortion- reduction of contraceptive—50% rise in conviction 1934-8 YOUTH—mostly a success • Managed to teach most students according to Nazi ideologies and values (shortages of appropriate textbooks + cruel descriptions given to young students + racist and violent teaching) • “Racial education” was centralised • Membership rose and by 1939 82% of the young population had joined • Most of the graduates were placed in burocratic places in occupied territories (graduates did not get easily into promoted jobs in the SS army + no quality leaders) • Youth opposition groups weren’t effective and didn’t change Germany’s situation MINORITIES—only success • Homosexuals—offensive—8’000 persecuted—1937 gay SS officers sent to camps • Asocials—did not fit in the Volksgemeinschaft 1935 sent to camps • Jews—considered as a threat to H.—anti-Semitism policies to remove them • Gypsies—discriminated—in 1939 treated as Jews—many sent to camps INTRO Many German people had suffered during the First World War and the Depression and they seeked for change.