English collocations in Use parte 2, Appunti di Lingua Inglese

Scarica English collocations in Use parte 2 e più Appunti in PDF di Lingua Inglese solo su Docsity! English collocations in use – Cambridge intermediate TOPICS: SOCIETY AND INSTITUTIONS UNIT 34: LAWS AND PUNISHMENTS There are several verbs that collocates with law. Observe the law (formal) = Obey the law (less formal) A new law has been introduced/passed forbidding the use of mobile phone while driving = The company acted within the law as regards the rights of its employees (formal) Uphold the law = Enforce the law NOUN AND VERB COLLOCATIONS The law does not allow the law forbids/prohibits The law allows permit The rules are for  these rules/regulations apply to To follow the rules The regulations require/stipulate (formal) To comply with the regulationsto follow what they say Bend the rules break the rules in a way that is not considered important PUNISHMENTS Carry out an investagion Acts as deterrent Appear in court A harsh penalty/sentence Go on trial A hard legal battle Reach a verdict Win a case A fair trial To be severely punished To pay/ face a heavy fine (=grave multa) Face the death penalty UNIT 35: CRIME Collocation Meaning Hardened criminal Someone who has commited a lot of crimes To commit offences Commettere dei crimini Serve a sentence of Scontare una pena di Political prisoners Prigionieri politici Convicted criminal Someone declared officially in court to be guilty of a crime Conviction for robbery Processo per rapina Acts of terrorism Atto di terrorismo Criminal record List kept by the police of someone’s previous crime Young offenders 14-17 years old Often politicians make speech about crime, here are some expressions:  In the fights against crime  Target serious crime  Street crime  Vehicle crime  Breaks into your house  To be robbed  Steal your car / vehicle theft  Tackle crime  To combat crime  Crime rate  Juvenile crime  Crime wave  Petty crime = a crime that is not considered serious compared with other crimes  Crime figures  Spate of burglaries = large number of events happening at the same time  Drug abuse  Mindless vandalism  Staggering increase A person steals something, steal is often used in the passive (ex. My car was stolen) To rub a person or an institution UNIT 36: NEWS COLLOCATIONS ABOUT NEWSPAPERS Collocation A story breaks, news comes in, news leak out Hit the headlines Make headlines Front-page headline The latest news Run a story (to publish a story) Flick through newspaper = to turn the pages really quickly The language of news stories Turn of events Top job To be taken as hostage Interested parties Controversial decision To seize control Hold talks Caught fire To keep a close watch on something Outlined plans Lighting struck Keeping you informed Launch the campaign No loss of life News develop UNIT 37: MONEY  spend money on  save money = keep money for the future  waste money  squander money= is stronger than waste and it is only used for a large amount of money  change money= change currency  throw money around= spend money in a obvious and careless way on unnecessary things  throw money at= spend a lot of money, possible more than necessary, trying to solve a problem  donate money to=give money to help society in some way Prices  price can be high/low  rock-bottom prices  prices may increase, go up and rise  prices soar  prices go down  ridiculuous price Getting money  money was always tight= there wasn’t much money  short supply  earning a food salary  having a steady income= reddito costante  make big money  seriously rich  making money  earn money  made a withdrawal = took money from the bank  got a really good deal = got a bargain (affare, accordo)  going cheap= selling for a low price  made a small fortune = made a large amount of money  money was tied up in = not avaible for spending because it was needed for his business UNIT 38: WAR AND PEACE WAR war broke out= suddenly started joined the army= si è arruolato war was declared go to ear fierce fighting all-out war= a complete/total war music, radio blare (out) machin hum/whirr Low, soft, continuous sound give a sigh Fare sospiro  a laugh, a loud cry, a laugh cry, a cry of pain, surprise, a gasp, a groan  make a scratching/clicking/rustling/ crackling sound UNIT 45: TASTE AND SMELL  Fragrant perfume  Distinctive aroma -> a slightly literary word used to refer to pleasant smells, often used with adjectives such as distinctive, rich, strong, sweet, appetising  Wafting -> move gently through the air  Acquired taste -> something you dislike at first but start to like after several times  Subtle flavour-> noticeable  Fresh scent  Bitter coffee-> “caffè amaro”  Milk gone sour-> “andato a male”  Acrid noxious fumes -> strong smelling causaing burning feelings in your throat  Foul-smelling chemicals factory -> poisonous  Body odour -> an unpleasant smell on a person’s body that is caused by sweet  Strong smell  Have a taste  Overpowering stink-> bad, negative smell  Revolting stench-> stench is more extreme thank skink  Whiff of perfume-> slight smell Metaphorical collocations Left a bad/unpleasant taste in our mouths Share the same tase in music I tasted freedom Developed a teste for something (ex. Fast cars) Smelt danger Got the flavour of UNIT 46: NUMBER AND FREQUENCY These adjectives collocate strongly with both number and amount, use this instead of small or large: - enormous - substantial - considerable - surprising - significant - tiny - minute Talking about numbers odd number= 1,3,5 even numbers=2,4,6 an increase/rise in the number of come to a total of brith rate rises/falls a unit of currency/measurement Frequency Widespread-> existing or happening in many place or among many people, collocates strongly with a lot of word relating to attitude (widespread interest, support) or problems (widespread damage poverty); Rare -> collocates with diseases, rare species or with collectable item of special interest (rare coins) Keeps + interrupting, hitting, asking me Constant and continual convey the idea of something happening repeatedly (constant interruptions/complaining) Describing graphs and charts - rising or falling sharply/stteply - dramatic rise or fall - to increase steadily/gradyakkt - remain constant UNIT 47: MOVEMENTS AND SPEED fast car, train, lane, computer, pace quick look, glance, answer, decision, shower, lunch rapid (formal *) growth, decline, change, progress, increase, movement speedy * recovery, conclusion, response, access swift= rapido, celere * action, response, reaction, recovery prompt = suggerire * payament, reply, response brisk = vivace wal, pace, business, efficiency hasty= frettolosa decision, exit, conclusion, words top speed =maximum speed at breackneck speed =carelessly fast and dangerous Slow movement and stopping slow motion / slow-moving traffic / slowed to crawl -> trascinarsi lentamente / came to a standstill -> subì una battuta di arresto in unhurried manner -> slow / leisurely breakfast -> made in a relaxed way painfully slow Change in speed, movement and directions Gathered/picked up speed Took a shortcut Make/take a detour Lost my balance Lost my footing Steer the conversation Took a few steps Turned upside down Went astray (got lost) Unit 48: Change Small changes Made a few adjustments Make a slight alteration Made modifications Adopt approach Have some of my clothes altered = cambiare taglia di vestiti Major changes Break a habit (formal) / Kick a habit (informal) - > interrupting an habit which is negative (ex. Smoking) Revolutionised the way to do something Converted to Christianity The power to transform Other collocations with change Change places / seat Change jobs/ schools / doctors Not change house, but move house Change your mind Change the subject Change the beds Change the baby Change your clothes Exchange cannot be used with any collocations in the box. You exchange money / addresses / ideas Some errors warning Become available – not get Become successful – not get Standard of living is rising /improving – not increasing/growing Improvement in you performance – not increase A number of proble,s arose – not appeared