Scarica Età vittoriana (Victorian era) e più Appunti in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! The Victorian age 1 The Victorian age Social context → important aspect: II industrial revolution It wasn't easy for people to live. More than 10 hours of hard work → with the Factory Act (1833) children among 9 and 13 y.o. couldn't work more than 48 hours per week. Social reforms: 1832, First or Great Reform: it extended or widened the right of vote to the middle class 1834, Poor Law Amendament: creation of workhouses. The working conditions were bad in order to discourage people from becoming a member and searching insted another work. 1838, People's Charting: universal manhood suffrage, secret ballot, other reforms of the electoral system. From the Opium War they gained the access and the control of Hong Kong (where now they speak both Chinese and English). 1857, Indian Munity: rebellion beacuse of the colonial policy that Engalnd carried out. Religion and respectability covered injustice. The maximum estention of the empire is with queen victoria. The Victorian age 2 white man's burden: they thought that going abroad and conquerring this far way country in africa and asia is a burden, beacuse according to the white man's mind they needed to be civilized. 1901: Queen victoria dies. The survival of the fittest: la sopravvivenza di chi si adatta: as a motivation to justify some social inequality they had. There is the development of capitalism, consequently there are people who fight against this. The world "victorian" comes from Queen Victoria who ruled from 18237 to 1901: it was the longest reign in the history of England. The nation was identify with the Queen: her exemplary way of life, her strict code of behaviour made her beloved especially by the middle classes, who shared her moral. She reigned consitutionally and she never overruled Parliament and became a mediator above party politics. Age of doubt and optimism It was a period of unprecedented material progress, imperial expansion and also one of political developments and social reforms. England with her industries, factories and increase in production, set a model for the industrialization of other countries. Nevertheless Victorian society was far from idyllic. It was characterised by poverty, injustice and social unrest. Factory legislation was far from being sufficient and social evils such as child labour had not disappeared; class differences were as marked as ever. - doubt: when we start to question some beliefs (Darwin) The chartist movement universal male suffrage secret ballot equal electoral districts payment of the MPs (to be admitted) abolition of property qualifications for MPs
